A PMT-Block test bench Adragna, P.; Antonaki, A.; Boudagov, I. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
08/2006, Letnik:
564, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The front-end electronics of the ATLAS hadronic calorimeter (Tile Cal) is housed in a unit, called
PMT-Block. The PMT-Block is a compact instrument comprising a light mixer, a PMT together with its ...divider and a
3-in-1 card, which provides shaping, amplification and integration for the signals. This instrument needs to be qualified before being assembled on the detector. A PMT-Block test bench has been developed for this purpose. This test bench is a system which allows fast, albeit accurate enough, measurements of the main properties of a complete PMT-Block. The system, both hardware and software, and the protocol used for the PMT-Blocks characterization are described in detail in this report. The results obtained in the test of about 10
000 PMT-Blocks needed for the instrumentation of the ATLAS (LHC-CERN) hadronic Tile Calorimeter are also reported.
The use of the Micromegas technology for a new imaging system Fanourakis, G.K; Geralis, T; Kousouris, K ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
07/2004, Letnik:
527, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Micromegas (Micromesh Gaseous) detector technology was developed by I. Giomataris and G. Charpak, in the mid 90s, for applications in the field of experimental Particle Physics. The most recent ...development is a novel Micromegas detector designed to detect photons of energies 1–10keV (X-ray range), for a discovery experiment of the hypothetical particles called axions, installed and currently taking data at CERN (the European Laboratory for Particle Research in Geneva). This detector has an X–Y readout capability of resolution less than 100μm, an energy resolution down to 14%, for this energy range, and an overall efficiency of 70%. With planned modifications, similar performances can be achieved for operation in the energy regime of the technetium gammas. This could lead to a novel γ-ray imaging device with spatial resolution in the submillimeter range. Initial results are presented obtained using the current detector with a parallel hole collimator to image thin capillary phantoms filled with a 99mTc water solution.
Nucl.Instrum.Meth. A564 (2006) 597-607 The front-end electronics of the ATLAS hadronic calorimeter (Tile Cal) is
housed in a unit, called {\it PMT-Block}. The PMT-Block is a compact instrument
...comprising a light mixer, a PMT together with its divider and a {\it 3-in-1}
card, which provides shaping, amplification and integration for the signals.
This instrument needs to be qualified before being assembled on the detector. A
PMT-Block test bench has been developed for this purpose. This test bench is a
system which allows fast, albeit accurate enough, measurements of the main
properties of a complete PMT-Block. The system, both hardware and software, and
the protocol used for the PMT-Blocks characterisation are described in detail
in this report. The results obtained in the test of about 10000 PMT-Blocks
needed for the instrumentation of the ATLAS (LHC-CERN) hadronic Tile
Calorimeter are also reported.
A PMT-Block test bench Adragna, P; Antonaki, A; Boudagov, I ...
arXiv.org,
05/2006
Paper
Odprti dostop
The front-end electronics of the ATLAS hadronic calorimeter (Tile Cal) is housed in a unit, called {\it PMT-Block}. The PMT-Block is a compact instrument comprising a light mixer, a PMT together with ...its divider and a {\it 3-in-1} card, which provides shaping, amplification and integration for the signals. This instrument needs to be qualified before being assembled on the detector. A PMT-Block test bench has been developed for this purpose. This test bench is a system which allows fast, albeit accurate enough, measurements of the main properties of a complete PMT-Block. The system, both hardware and software, and the protocol used for the PMT-Blocks characterisation are described in detail in this report. The results obtained in the test of about 10000 PMT-Blocks needed for the instrumentation of the ATLAS (LHC-CERN) hadronic Tile Calorimeter are also reported.
Staphylococcus aureus
is an infrequent cause of community-associated (CA-SA) pneumonia in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, epidemiological, microbiological, and molecular ...characteristics of CA-SA pneumonia among children hospitalized in two large tertiary care referral centers during an 8-year period. Cases of CA-SA pneumonia admitted between 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively examined through medical record review. Molecular investigation was performed for available strains;
mecA
, Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) (
lukS-lukF
-PV), and fibronectin binding protein A (
fnbA
) genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Clones were assigned by
agr
groups, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), SCC
mec
, and multilocus sequencing typing (MLST). In total, 41 cases were recorded (boys, 61 %), with a median age of 4.3 months (range, 1–175). Methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
(MRSA) accounted for 31 cases (75.6 %). Complications included empyema (25/41, 61 %), pneumatoceles (7/41, 17 %), and lung abscess (1/41, 2.5 %). Intensive care unit (ICU) admission was required in 58.5 %. Two deaths occurred (4.9 %). Definitive therapy was based on vancomycin with or without other antibiotics (55.9 %), followed by clindamycin and linezolid (26.5 % each). All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin (MIC
90
2 mg/L, range 1–2), teicoplanin, and linezolid, whereas 26.8 % were resistant to clindamycin. Among the 25 studied strains, 20 were
mecA
-positive (MRSA), carrying also the
fnbA
gene. Of these, 90 % belonged to the ST80-IV/
agr
3/PVL-positive clone. Methicillin-susceptible
S. aureus
(MSSA) strains showed polyclonality, 3/5 were PVL-positive, and 3/5 were
fnbA
-positive. MRSA and particularly the ST80-IV clone predominated among staphylococcal pneumonia cases in children. Treatment provided was effective in all but two patients, despite the relatively high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin and a high resistance to clindamycin.
BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) changes over time and continuous monitoring provides insight on trends to inform both empirical treatment and public health action.AimsTo survey trends in ...relative isolation frequency (RIF) and AMR among key bloodstream pathogens using data from the Greek Electronic System for the Surveillance of AMR (WHONET-Greece).MethodsThis observational study looked into routine susceptibility data of 50,488 blood culture isolates from hospitalised patients in 25 tertiary hospitals, participating in the WHONET-Greece for trends over time between January 2010 and December 2017. Only the first isolate per species from each patient was included. Hospital wards and intensive care units (ICUs) were analysed separately.ResultsDuring the study, the RIF of
increased in wards, as did the proportion of
isolates, which were non-susceptibleto most antibiotics in both wards and ICUs. Coincidently,
RIF declined while the respective rates of non-susceptible isolates to carbapenems and gentamicin increased.
RIF remained stable but decreasing proportions of non-susceptible isolates to all studied antibiotics, except imipenem were observed.
RIF increased as did the proportion of isolates non-susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. Concerning
, a decline in the percentage of meticillin resistant isolates in ICUs was found, while the percentages of
non-susceptibility to vancomycin stayed stable.ConclusionsRecognising these trends over time is important, since the epidemiology of AMR is complex, involving different 'bug and drug' combinations. This should be taken into consideration to control AMR.
The introduction of treatment and systematic vaccination has significantly reduced diphtheria mortality; however, toxigenic strains continue to circulate worldwide. The emergence of an indigenous ...diphtheria case with fatal outcome in Greece, after 30 years, raised challenges for laboratory confirmation, clinical and public health management. Toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae was isolated from an incompletely vaccinated 8-year-old boy with underlying conditions. The child passed away due to respiratory distress syndrome, before the administration of diphtheria antitoxin (DAT). All close contacts in family, school and hospital settings were investigated. Pharyngeal swabs were obtained to determine asymptomatic carriage. Chemoprophylaxis was given for 7 days to all close contacts and a booster dose to those incompletely vaccinated. Testing revealed a classmate, belonging to a subpopulation group (Roma), and incompletely vaccinated, as an asymptomatic carrier with an indistinguishable toxigenic strain (same novel multilocus sequence type, designated ST698). This case highlights the role of asymptomatic carriage, as the entry of toxigenic strains into susceptible populations can put individuals and their environment at risk. Maintenance of high-level epidemiological and microbiological surveillance, implementation of systematic vaccination in children and adults with primary and booster doses, availability of a DAT stockpile, and allowing timely administration are the cornerstone to prevent similar incidents in the future.
Cefiderocol (S-649266), a siderophore cephalosporin, utilizes a novel mechanism of entry into the periplasmic space of Gram-negative bacteria and is broadly stable to ESBLs and carbapenemases.
A ...collection of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical specimens in 18 Greek hospitals was tested for susceptibility to cefiderocol, meropenem, ceftazidime, cefepime, ceftazidime/avibactam, ceftolozane/tazobactam, aztreonam, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, colistin and tigecycline. Broth microdilution plates were used to determine MICs.
In total 189 non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria (107 Acinetobacter baumannii and 82 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) and 282 Enterobacteriaceae (including 244 Klebsiella pneumoniae , 14 Enterobacter cloacae and 11 Providencia stuartii ) were studied. For both A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa the MIC 90 of cefiderocol was 0.5 mg/L. For K. pneumoniae , E. cloacae and P. stuartii the MIC 90 of cefiderocol was 1, 1 and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. Tigecycline was the second most active antibiotic, followed by colistin.
Cefiderocol exhibited greater antimicrobial activity in vitro against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria than comparator antibiotics.
•Activity of TP-6076 against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Greek hospitals was analysed.•MIC50 and MIC90 values of TP-6076 were 0.03 mg/L and 0.06 mg/L, ...respectively.•TP-6076 had MIC90 values one dilution lower against tigecycline- and minocycline-susceptible isolates than resistant ones.•There was no difference in the MIC90 for colistin-susceptible and -resistant isolates.
TP-6076 is a synthetic fluorocycline antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. In this study, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from 13 Greek hospitals were tested for susceptibility to TP-6076 and comparator antibiotics. Broth microdilution plates were used to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). A total of 121 non-duplicate A. baumannii isolates were tested. The MIC50 and MIC90 values of TP-6076 were 0.03 mg/L and 0.06 mg/L, respectively. Tigecycline was the second most active antibiotic (MIC90, 2 mg/L), followed by minocycline (MIC90, 8 mg/L). TP-6076 exhibited MIC90 values that were one dilution lower against tigecycline- and minocycline-susceptible isolates than against resistant isolates. There was no difference in the MIC90 value for colistin-susceptible or -resistant isolates. In conclusion, TP-6076 exhibited greater antimicrobial activity in vitro against carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii than comparator antibiotics.
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