Wound-related problems after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can cause periprosthetic joint infections. We sought to evaluate the effect of closed incisional ...negative-pressure wound therapy (ciNPWT) on wound complications, skin blisters, surgical site infections (SSIs), reoperations, and length of hospitalization (LOH).
Studies comparing ciNPWT with conventional dressings following THA and TKA were systematically searched on MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Two reviewers performed the study selection, risk of bias assessment, and data extraction. Funnel plots were employed to evaluate publication bias and forest plots to analyze pooled data.
Twelve studies were included herein. The odds ratios (ORs) for wound complications and SSIs indicated a lack of publication bias. ciNPWT showed significantly lower risks of wound complication (OR, 0.44; 95% confidence interval CI, 0.22-0.9; P = .027) and SSI (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.23-0.68; P < .001) than did conventional dressings. ciNPWT also yielded a significantly lower reoperation rate (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.21-0.69; P = .001) and shorter LOH (mean difference, 0.41 days; 95% CI, −0.51 to −0.32; P < .001). However, the rate of skin blisters was higher in ciNPWT (OR, 4.44; 95% CI, 2.24-8.79; P < .001).
Although skin blisters were more likely to develop in ciNPWT, the risks of wound complication, SSI, reoperation, and longer LOH decreased in ciNPWT compared with those in conventional dressings. This finding could alleviate the potential concerns regarding wound-related problems after THA and TKA.
We report a 3.8 V manganese-based mixed-phosphate cathode material for applications in sodium rechargeable batteries; i.e., Na sub(4)Mn sub(3)(PO sub(4 )) sub(2)(P sub(2)O sub(7)). This material ...exhibits a largest Mn super(2+)/Mn super(3+) redox potential of 3.84 V vs. Na super(+)/Na yet reported for a manganese-based cathode, together with the largest energy density of 416 W h kg super(-1). We describe first-principles calculations and experimental results which show that three-dimensional Na diffusion pathways with low-activation-energy barriers enable the rapid sodium insertion and extraction at various states of charge of the Na sub(4-x)Mn sub(3)(PO sub(4)) sub(2)(P sub(2)O sub(7)) electrode (where x= 0, 1, 3). Furthermore, we show that the sodium ion mobility in this crystal structure is not decreased by the structural changes induced by Jahn-Teller distortion (Mn super(3+)), in contrast to most manganese-based electrodes, rather it is increased due to distortion, which opens up sodium diffusion channels. This feature stabilizes the material, providing high cycle stability and high power performance for sodium rechargeable batteries. The high voltage, large energy density, cycle stability and the use of low-cost Mn give Na sub(4)Mn sub(3)(PO sub(4 )) sub(2)(P sub(2)O sub(7)) significant potential for applications as a cathode material for large-scale Na-ion batteries.
Theoretical compensation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear could cause quadriceps weakness and hamstring activation, preventing anterior tibial subluxation and affecting the expected ...hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio. Although quadriceps weakness often occurs after ACL tears, it remains unclear whether hamstring strength and hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio increase in ACL deficient knees. This meta-analysis compared the isokinetic muscle strength of quadriceps and hamstring muscles, and the hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio, of the injured and injured limbs of patients with ACL tears. This meta-analysis included all studies comparing isokinetic thigh muscle strengths and hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio in the injured and uninjured legs of patients with ACL tear, without or before surgery. Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Quadriceps and hamstring strengths were 22.3 N∙m (95% CI: 15.2 to 29.3 N∙m; P<0.001) and 7.4 N∙m (95% CI: 4.3 to 10.5 N∙m; P<0.001) lower, respectively, on the injured than on the uninjured side. The mean hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio was 4% greater in ACL deficient than in uninjured limbs (95% CI: 1.7% to 6.3%; P<0.001). Conclusively, Decreases were observed in both the quadriceps and hamstring muscles of patients with ACL tear, with the decrease in quadriceps strength being 3-fold greater. These uneven reductions slightly increase the hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio in ACL deficient knees.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Disabled tumor suppressor genes and hyperactive oncogenes greatly contribute to cell fates during cancer development because of their genetic alterations such as somatic mutations. However, little is ...known about how tumor suppressor genes react to diverse oncogenes during tumor progression. Our previous study showed that RUNX3 inhibits invasiveness by preventing vascular endothelial growth factor secretion and suppressed endothelial cell growth and tube formation in colorectal cancer (CRC). Hedgehog signaling is crucial for the physiological maintenance and self-renewal of stem cells, and its deregulation is responsible for their tumor development. The mechanisms that inhibit this pathway during proliferation remain poorly understood. Here, we found that the tumor suppressor RUNX3 modulates tumorigenesis in response to cancer cells induced by inhibiting oncogene GLI1 ubiquitination. Moreover, we demonstrated that RUNX3 and GLI1 expression were inversely correlated in CRC cells and tissues. We observed a direct interaction between RUNX3 and GLI1, promoting ubiquitination of GLI1 at the intracellular level. Increased ubiquitination of GLI1 was induced by the E3 ligase β-TrCP. This novel RUNX3-dependent regulatory loop may limit the extent and duration of Hedgehog signaling during extension of the tumor initiation capacity. On the basis of our results, identification of agents that induce RUNX3 may be useful for developing new and effective therapies for CRC.
Background:
Time-dependent postoperative changes in knee joint line obliquity (KJLO) and subsequent adaptational changes in the hip and ankle joints have not been fully proven after medial open wedge ...high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).
Purpose:
To investigate the serial postoperative changes in KJLO and subsequent adaptational changes in the hip and ankle joints over time after MOWHTO.
Study design:
Case series, Level of evidence, 4.
Methods:
A total of 92 patients who underwent MOWHTO between April 2015 and December 2020 were evaluated. Radiographic parameters, including KJLO, ankle joint line obliquity (ALO), hip abduction angle (HAA), joint line convergence angle, weightbearing line ratio, and hip-knee-ankle angle, were analyzed in time sequence (preoperatively and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively). Repeated-measures analysis of variance and post hoc analysis were used to demonstrate alterations and the statistical significance of KJLO and other related radiographic parameters over time.
Results:
The mean KJLO values were –1.9°, –2.1°, –2.7°, and –3.2° at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively, respectively, indicating that there was consistent increase in valgus tilting of KJLO from 6 to 24 months (P < .001 for both 6-12 months and 12-24 months). ALO and HAA showed significant changes from 6 to 12 months (ALO, P < .001; HAA, P = .002), but not between 12 and 24 months (ALO: –3.0°, –2.7°, –1.9°, and −1.6°; HAA: –0.8°, –0.9°, –1.5°, and −1.8° at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively). The mean joint line convergence angle, weightbearing line ratio, and hip-knee-ankle angle did not change significantly from 3 months to 24 months postoperatively.
Conclusion:
There was a consistent increase in valgus tilting of the postoperative KJLO from 6 to 24 months after MOWHTO. The adaptive ALO and HAA significantly changed between 6 and 12 months and were maintained until 24 months after MOWHTO. It is necessary to consider the adaptive change when hip or ankle surgery is planned within this period.
PARK7 is involved in many key cellular processes, including cell proliferation, transcriptional regulation, cellular differentiation, oxidative stress protection, and mitochondrial function ...maintenance. Deregulation of PARK7 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including cancer. Here, we aimed to clarify the effect of PARK7 on stemness and radioresistance of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). Serum differentiation and magnetic cell sorting of GSCs revealed that PARK7 was preferentially expressed in GSCs rather than differentiated GSCs. Immunohistochemical staining showed enhanced expression of PARK7 in glioma tissues compared to that in normal brain tissues. shRNA-mediated knockdown of PARK7 inhibited the self-renewal activity of GSCs in vitro, as evidenced by the results of neurosphere formation, limiting dilution, and soft-agar clonogenic assays. In addition, PARK7 knockdown suppressed GSC invasion and enhanced GSC sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). PARK7 knockdown suppressed expression of GSC signatures including nestin, epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII), SOX2, NOTCH1, and OCT4. Contrarily, overexpression of PARK7 in CD133
non-GSCs increased self-renewal activities, migration, and IR resistance, and rescued the reduction of GSC factors under shPARK7-transfected and serum-differentiation conditions. Intriguingly, PARK7 acted as a co-chaperone of HSP90 by binding to it, protecting EGFRvIII from proteasomal degradation. Knockdown of PARK7 increased the production of reactive oxygen species, inducing partial apoptosis and enhancing IR sensitivity in GSCs. Finally, PARK7 knockdown increased mouse survival and IR sensitivity in vivo. Based on these data, we propose that PARK7 plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of stemness and therapeutic resistance in GSCs.
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), composed of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG), is the most commonly produced polyester. Unrecycled PET waste causes serious environmental problems. ...To increase the PET recycling rate, the upcycling of PET into products that are higher value than PET is desired. In this study, the feasibility of biological valorization of PET for its upcycling was experimentally evaluated. Among the two monomers obtained from the chemical hydrolysis of PET, TPA was biologically converted to five different aromatics and aromatic-derived compounds by using whole-cell catalysts comprising Escherichia coli engineered to express necessary metabolic enzymes for biosynthetic routes for converting TPA. These five higher-value products from TPA, gallic acid, pyrogallol, catechol, muconic acid, and vanillic acid were synthesized via protocatechuic acid as the key intermediate at relatively high molar conversion yields, 32.7–92.5%. The other monomer from PET, EG, was fermented to glycolic acid, a cosmetic ingredient. This is the first experimental validation of producing various higher-value chemicals from PET monomers.
This paper studies an optimal control problem of a susceptible–infected–recovered (SIR) reaction–diffusion model to derive an efficient vaccination strategy for influenza outbreaks. The control ...problem reflects realistic restrictions associated with limited total vaccination coverage and the maximum daily vaccine administration using state variable inequality constraints. We prove the existence of the optimal control solution and also investigate an optimality system by introducing a penalty function to deal with the constrained optimal control problem. A gradient-based algorithm is discussed to solve the optimality system. The spatial SIR model is solved by using the finite difference method (FDM) in time and the finite element method (FEM) in space. The results of numerical simulations show that the optimal vaccine strategy varies regionally according to the spreading rate of the disease.
Fire and explosion hazards represent a major barrier to the widespread adoption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Although mitigating the flammability ...of linear organic carbonate electrolytes in LIBs is an obvious solution to the thermal safety issue, it often comes at the expense of battery performance and cost. Herein, by combining alkyl-chain extension and alkoxy substitution, which simultaneously decreases solvent volatility and increases solvation ability, we demonstrate that molecular engineering of the linear carbonates presents a viable route to achieving thermally stable high-performance batteries. Although the tailored molecule bis(2-methoxyethyl) carbonate (BMEC) exhibits a flash point that is 90 °C higher than that of conventional electrolytes, the electrolyte quality is still maintained, enabling long-lasting cycling of the flagship electrode combination of graphite and Ni-rich layered oxide over 500 cycles in practical pouch cells. Furthermore, unlike a commercial electrolyte, we demonstrate that the BMEC electrolyte effectively alleviates heat and reactive-gas release under thermal/mechanical/electrical abuse conditions in the presence of charged electrodes, thereby preventing the thermal explosion of a 4 A h pouch cell upon nail penetration.
Concurrent modification of linear carbonates combining alkyl-chain extension and alkoxy substitution enables thermally stable high-performance batteries by decreasing volatility and increasing solvation ability simultaneously.
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