•Extraversion was a positive predictor of photo uploads, status updates, and number of friends at FB Wall.•Narcissism was a positive predictor of status update at FB Wall.•Extraversion was a positive ...predictor of Like, Comment, and Share at FB News Feed.•Openness was a negative predictor of clicking Share at FB News Feed.•Conscientiousness was a negative predictor of writing Comment at FB News Feed.
The current study explores the relationship between personality traits and self-presentation at Facebook. An online survey of Facebook users was conducted. The results suggest that extraversion was positively related to self-presentation both on Wall and at News Feed. Extraverts uploaded photos and updated status more frequently, and had more friends displayed on Wall than introverts. Besides, extraverts clicked Like, wrote Comment and clicked Share at News Feed more frequently than introverts. Moreover, narcissists with high rivalry frequently updated their Status on Wall. In addition, neuroticism and conscientiousness were negatively related to writing Comment at News Feed. Lastly, openness to experience was negatively related to clicking Share at News Feed. The results and implications are discussed in conjunction with previous research. Suggestions for future research are provided.
Background:
Some hospitals continue to struggle with nosocomial transmission of
Clostridioides difficile
infection (CDI) and methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) despite years of ...infection control efforts. We investigated the relationship between unit infrastructural–organizational risk factors and nosocomial transmission of CDI and MRSA.
Methods:
This retrospective observational study included 100 eligible acute-care inpatient units from 12 hospitals in British Columbia, Canada, from April 1, 2020, to September 16, 2021. The outcome variables included whether a unit was on the CDI or MRSA vulnerable unit list (ie, defined as having ≥5 CDI cases or ≥6 MRSA cases being attributed to the unit in the last 6 fiscal periods), the average CDI/MRSA rate, as well as the average CDI/MRSA standardized infection ratio (SIR). Independent variables included, but were not limited to, infection control factors (eg hand hygiene rate), infrastructural factors (eg, unit age, total beds on unit), and organizational factors (eg, hallway bed utilization, nursing overtime). Multivariable regression was performed to identify statistically significant risk factors using SAS, R Studio, and Stata software.
Results:
For CDI, older units were associated with higher odds of being on the CDI vulnerable unit list (aOR, 1.086; 95% CI, 1.024–1.175), higher CDI rate (adjusted relative risk aRR, 0.012; 95% CI, 0.004–0.020), and higher CDI SIR (aRR, 0.011; 95% CI, 0.003–0.020). Larger unit size was associated with higher odds of being on the CDI vulnerable unit list (aOR, 1.210; 95% CI, 1.095–1.400) and higher CDI SIR (aRR, 0.013; 95% CI, 0.001–0.026). For MRSA, an increase in hand hygiene rate was associated with lower odds of being on the MRSA vulnerable unit list (aOR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53–0.897), lower MRSA rate (aRR, −0.035; 95% CI, −0.063 to −0.008), and lower MRSA SIR (aRR, −0.039; 95% CI, −0.069 to −0.008). Higher MRSA bioburden was associated with higher odds of being on the MRSA vulnerable unit list (aOR, >999; 95% CI, >999 to >999), higher MRSA rate (aRR, 9.008; 95% CI, 5.586–12.429), and higher MRSA SIR (aRR, 4.964; 95% CI, 1.971–7.958). Additionally, higher MRSA rates were associated increased utilization of hallway beds (aRR, 0.680; 95% CI, 0.094–1.267), increased nursing overtime rate (aRR, 5.018; 95% CI, 1.210–8.826), and not having a clean supply room with the door consistently closed (aRR, −0.283; 95% CI, −0.536 to −0.03).
Conclusions:
Several infrastructural and organizational factors were associated with nosocomial transmissions of CDI and MRSA. Further research is needed to investigate the mechanisms by which these factors are associated.
Disclosures:
None
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Because various stimuli can affect living organisms, substances that response to stimuli, such as H2O2, have been studied for biomaterials. To synthesize a biocompatible ...H2O2-responsive ionic cross-linker, we synthesized a water-soluble H2O2-responsive diselenide compounds containing both sulfate end groups (diSe-SO4). The synthesis of diSe-SO4 was evaluated by 1H NMR and FT-IR. H2O2 responsiveness was evaluated by UV–vis spectra, FT-IR, and XPS. The optical density at 303nm due to diselenide in diSe-SO4 was decreased in the H2O2 concentration increased. FT-IR and XPS results showed new peaks at 880cm and 3500cm−1, and at 63.0eV, respectively, due to oxidized Se, which indicated the cleavage of the diselenide bond in diSe-SO4 as the H2O2 concentration increased. The ionic binding efficiency of diSe-SO4 to cationic materials was confirmed by measuring the zeta-potential difference (from –15.6mV to 10.3mV) before and after mixing with chitosan. MRC-5 cell viability and apoptosis in the presence of diSe-SO4 was evaluated using a CCK-8 assay and FACS, respectively. A high cell viability exceeding 95% was observed at 500μMdiSe-SO4 over 48h of culture. In conclusion, the synthesized water-soluble diSe-SO4 provides a H2O2-responsive ionic cross-linking material with a high cell affinity.
BackgroundTU2218 is a highly potent, oral dual inhibitor against TGFβ type I receptor (TGFβRI/ALK5) and VEGFR2. VEGF and TGF-β pathways play important roles in the function of TME, especially in ...immune tolerance inextricably related with poor outcomes of anti-PD-(L)1 therapy. This is a first-in-human study to investigate the safety and tolerability of TU2218 mono- and combination therapy with pembrolizumab.MethodsThis non-randomized, multinational, open-label study has been evaluating the safety, tolerability, PK, PD and preliminary efficacy of TU2218 mono- and combination therapy with pembrolizumab in advanced solid tumors. The eligible patients were aged ≥ 18 years, ECOG (0 or 1), and had measurable tumors per RECIST 1.1. TU2218 monotherapy was planned at 6 dose levels (30, 60, 105, 150, 195, 270 mg/day) with 2 weeks on and 1 week off in 3-week cycles according to the BOIN method. The starting dose of TU2218 given with pembrolizumab was determined after yielding TRAEs of at least Grade 2 in severity during monotherapy using the traditional 3+3 design.ResultsSeventeen patients with advanced solid tumors received 5 different dose levels of monotherapy. Major demographics, treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) and PK parameters are summarized in table 1.No TRAEs of Grade 3 or higher were reported while all Grade 2 TRAEs were tolerable in TU2218 monotherapy. Systemic exposure to TU2218 increased over-proportionally with the dose-escalation. TU2218 showed reduction in PD marker of TGFβ, CTGF and PAI-1 after 7 days administration (figure 1) and correlation between TU2218 exposure (AUC) and PD markers of TGFβ and CTGF (P<0.05). The starting dose of TU2218 in combination with pembrolizumab was 105mg/day, with subsequent incremental doses of 150mg/day and 195mg/day.ConclusionsTU2218, a first-in-class oral dual inhibitor against TGFβRI and VEGFR2, was well-tolerated in the monotherapy and will be subsequently investigated for the combination therapy with PD-L1.Trial RegistrationThis trial registered in clinicaltrials.gov. (NCT05204862)Ethics ApprovalThis study protocol, informed consent and all applicable information had been reviewed and approved by the IRB/ECs of the participating study indtitutions. (Salus IRB: Protocol Number TUC1PI-01, NXSAT21.72; Seoul National Univeraity Hospital Institutional Review Board Protocol Number TUC1PI-01, H-2203–016-1304; Institutional Review Board Asan Medical Center Protocol Number TUC1PI-01, 2022–0395)Abstract 631 Figure 1PD Markers of TGFβ, CTGF and PAI-1 After 7 Days Administration of TU2218Abstract 631 Table 1Summary of Demographics, TRAE and PK Parameters Cohort 1 2 3 4 5 Total Daily Dose (mg) 30 60 105 150 195 Patients (N) 3 4 4 3 3 Median age (Range) 54 (48–56) 61 (46–78) 70 (52–77) 72 (56–72) 65 (37–75) Male/Female 0/3 2/2 1/3 1/2 1/2 TRAE, n (Grade) 0 3 (G2) 2 (G2) 1 (G2) 6 (G2) Mean of PK Parameters tmax (h) 1 0.7 1.6 1.2 Cmax (ng/mL) 95 162 374 781 1875 AUClast (ng·h/mL) 200 257 819 1854 3664 t1/2 (h) 2.1 1.7 1.7 2.6 * For cohort 5, simulated data
By applying motivational values of luxury consumption, this study examined the impact of cultural differences on young consumers' attitudes and purchase intentions toward luxury brands. With the use ...of survey data (N = 331 for South Koreans and N = 409 for Americans), the study provided support for the hypothesized moderating effect of three perceived values: conspicuous, social, and quality values. The perceived social value was found to influence attitude change favorably among young Korean consumers. The young American consumers tended to increase their attitudes and purchase intentions toward luxury brands if they perceived superior product quality. However, they were more likely to lower their purchase intention as they recognized conspicuous value of consuming luxury brands. On the other hand, the moderating effect of uniqueness and hedonic value was not found. Theoretical and managerial implications were discussed.
Background:
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in acute-care settings affects patients, healthcare workers, and the already-burdened healthcare system. An analysis of risk factors associated with outbreak ...severity was conducted to inform prevention strategies.
Methods:
This study was a cross-sectional analysis of COVID-19 outbreaks at Fraser Health (FH) acute-care sites between March 2020 and March 2021. Outbreak severity measures included COVID-19 attack rate, outbreak duration, and 30-day case mortality. Covariates at patient, outbreak, unit level, and facility level were included (Table 1). Generalized linear models with generalized estimation equations were used for all outcome measures, with outbreak duration and 30-day case mortality using multivariate negative binomial distributions, and attack rate using Gaussian distribution. A
P
value of .05 indicated statistical significance. Analyses
were performed using SAS version 3.8 software, R version 4.1.0 software, and Stata version 16.0 software.
Results:
Between March 2020 and March 2021, 54 COVID-19 outbreaks were declared in FH acute-care sites involving 455 SARS-CoV-2–positive patients. The average outbreak duration was 23 days, the average attack rate was 28%, and the average 30-day all-cause mortality per outbreak was 2 deaths. The results of the full models are shown in Table 1.
Discussion:
We identified an inverse relationship between increased hand hygiene compliance during outbreaks and all 3 severity measures. Paradoxically, hand hygiene rates in the year prior to the pandemic were positively associated with duration and mortality. Increased unit age was also associated with increases in each of the severity measures. Comorbidity total factor was correlated with outbreak attack rate and duration, demonstrating the importance of individual patient characteristics in an outbreak.
Conclusions:
Our findings highlight the importance of hand hygiene practices during an outbreak. Additionally, it is important to understand the difficulties faced by older facilities, many of which face infrastructural challenges. This study reinforces the need to incorporate infection control standards into healthcare planning and construction.
Funding:
None
Disclosures:
None
This review illustrates how language ideologies about correctness, in speaking and writing, have been discussed in research on the role of language in education. Research illustrates a give-and-take ...between the interests of multilingual speakers and advocates of language diversity on the one hand and, on the other, the correctness ideologies embedded in institutional demands for correctness and standardization (in schools and language policies) and commodification (in the global educational marketplace). More subtle than ideologies of correctness, language ideologies about “appropriate” language emerge as related to race, ethnicity, gender, and other embodied biases, and the nuanced mechanisms of language socialization illuminate the persistent dynamics of these appropriateness ideologies. Finally, we discuss the relevance of postcolonial epistemologies, the collaborative participatory research methods that are reframing what counts as correct and appropriate for the study of language and education, and the emerging role of generative artificial intelligence for language in education.
•We investigate how people use specific Facebook features to manage social capital.•The frequent use of Like was positively associated with bonding social capital.•The frequent use of Comment was ...negatively associated with bonding social capital.•The frequent use of Wall was positively associated with bridging social capital.
The goal of this study is to examine and understand the relationship between the utilization of Facebook features and two types of social capital: bonding and bridging. An online survey was conducted using a college sample (n=256). The results show that, with bonding social capital, the frequent use of Like feature was positively associated whereas that of Comment was negatively associated. With bridging social capital, the frequent use of Wall was positively associated. The results also show that the preference for Wall, Friend, Comment, News Feed, Like, Message, Photo, and Chat was positively associated with both bonding and bridging social capital. On the other hand, the preference for Status and Group was positively associated only with bridging social capital. Limitations of this study and the implications of the findings are discussed and suggestions for future research are provided.
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK, Nm23), a housekeeping enzyme, is known to be a multifunctional protein, acting as a metastasis suppressor, transactivation activity on c-myc, and regulating ...endocytosis. The cellular mechanisms regulating Nm23 functions are poorly understood. In this study, we identified the modifications and interacting proteins of Nm23-H1 in response to oxidative stress. We found that Cys109 in Nm23-H1 is oxidized to various oxidation states including intra- and inter-disulfide crosslinks, glutathionylation, and sulfonic acid formation in response to H(2)O(2) treatment both in vivo and in vitro. The cross-linking sites and modifications of oxidized Nm23-H1 were identified by peptide sequencing using UPLC-ESI-q-TOF tandem MS. Glutathionylation and oxidation of Cys109 inhibited the NDPK enzymatic activity of Nm23-H1. We also found that thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) is an interacting protein of Nm23-H1, and it binds specifically to oxidized Nm23-H1. Oxidized Nm23 is a substrate of NADPH-TrxR1-thioredoxin shuttle system, and the disulfide crosslinking is reversibly reduced and the enzymatic activity is recovered by this system. Oxidation of Cys109 in Nm23-H1 inhibited its metastatic suppressor activity as well as the enzymatic activities. The mutant, Nm23-H1 C109A, retained both the enzymatic and metastasis suppressor activities under oxidative stress. This suggests that key enzymatic and metastasis suppressor functions of Nm23-H1 are regulated by oxido-reduction of its Cys109.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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