This study aimed to evaluate the association between sleep quality and quality of life (QoL).
This cross-sectional study included 225,541 adults (101,133 men, 124,408 women) who participated in the ...2018 Korean Community Health Survey. Multiple sociodemographic and psychosocial variables were evaluated and compared between participants with poor (n = 67,619) and good sleep quality (n = 157,922); sleep quality was subjectively determined using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D) index scores were adjusted for multiple confounding factors and compared between the good and poor sleep quality groups. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of the lowest quartile of QoL.
The mean EQ-5D index scores were significantly lower in the poor sleep quality group (score 0.85) than in the good sleep quality group (score 0.92; p < 0.001). The multivariate odds ratio (OR) for the lowest quartile of the EQ-5D index scores in the poor sleep quality group versus that in the good sleep quality group was 1.95 (95% confidence interval CI, 1.89–2.00). Participants with poor sleep quality were more likely than those with good sleep quality to have some or severe problems with physical activity (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.41–1.51), self-control (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.29–1.42), daily activity (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.39–1.50), pain (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.77–1.86), and anxiety/depression (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 2.17–2.31).
Poor sleep quality is associated with impaired QoL, particularly if some or severe problems with anxiety/depression are present.
•Poor sleep quality is associated with impaired quality of life.•Poor sleep quality were more likely to have with anxiety/depression.
Organic metal halide hybrids (OMHHs) have attracted great research attention owing to their exceptional structure and property tunability. Using appropriate organic and inorganic metal halide ...components, OMHHs with controlled dimensionalities at the molecular level, from 3D to 2D, 1D, and 0D structures, can be obtained. In 0D OMHHs, anionic metal halide polyhedrons are surrounded and completely isolated by organic cations to form single crystalline “host–guest” structures. These ionically bonded organic–inorganic hybrid systems often exhibit the intrinsic properties of individual metal halide species, for instance, highly efficient Stokes‐shifted broadband emissions. In this progress report, the recent advances in the development and study of luminescent 0D OMHHs are discussed: from synthetic structural control to fundamental understanding of the structure–property relationship and device integration.
Zero‐dimensional organic metal halide hybrids (0D OMHHs) have emerged as highly promising photoactive hybrid materials with unique properties and applications in a variety of areas. This progress report discusses the recent advances in the development and study of luminescent 0D OMHHs, from synthetic structural control to fundamental understanding of the structure–property relationship and device integration.
Vaccines are the most effective and cost-efficient method for preventing diseases caused by infectious pathogens. Despite the great success of vaccines, development of safe and strong vaccines is ...still required for emerging new pathogens, re-emerging old pathogens, and in order to improve the inadequate protection conferred by existing vaccines. One of the most important strategies for the development of effective new vaccines is the selection and usage of a suitable adjuvant. Immunologic adjuvants are essential for enhancing vaccine potency by improvement of the humoral and/or cell-mediated immune response to vaccine antigens. Thus, formulation of vaccines with appropriate adjuvants is an attractive approach towards eliciting protective and long-lasting immunity in humans. However, only a limited number of adjuvants is licensed for human vaccines due to concerns about safety and toxicity. We summarize current knowledge about the potential benefits of adjuvants, the characteristics of adjuvants and the mechanisms of adjuvants in human vaccines. Adjuvants have diverse modes of action and should be selected for use on the basis of the type of immune response that is desired for a particular vaccine. Better understanding of current adjuvants will help exploring new adjuvant formulations and facilitate rational design of vaccines against infectious diseases.
The pinewood nematode (PWN),
(Steiner & Bührer), causes pine wilt disease (PWD) resulting in severe environmental damage to pine forest ecosystems worldwide. To develop alternative strategies for ...managing PWD, the nematicidal activities of two sweeteners, erythritol and saccharin, were investigated. Among these two sweeteners, saccharin induced higher mortality in a dose-dependent manner. The LC
and LC
values of saccharin were estimated to be 0.321 M and 0.615 M, respectively. However, erythritol did not exhibit nematicidal activities. The results of our study demonstrated that saccharin is lethal to PWN and shows nematicidal effects in a dose-dependent manner. Although the mechanisms of saccharin toxicity are not yet investigated, saccharin could be used as an effective alternative for the management of PWN.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Anisotropic stimuli-responsive microgels based upon the cholesteric phase of chitin nanocrystals and N-isopropylacrylamide were designed and synthesized. The cholesteric structure was interrogated, ...and the texture was shown to directly influence the microgel shape and anisotropy. Changes in the microgel volume led to changes in the texture, where microgels comprising up to six bands exhibited a twisted bipolar texture, while those with greater volumes displayed a concentric-packing structure. As designed, the imprinted cholesteric phase induced an asymmetric response to temperature, leading to a change in shape and optical properties. Furthermore, the cholesteric structure is able to deform, facilitating transport into a small channel. Access to synthetic structures having a self-assembled twisted texture derived from cholesterics embedded within a polymer matrix will provide guidelines for designing biopolymer composites with programmable motion.
Tin halide perovskites and perovskite-related materials have emerged as promising lead-free hybrid materials for various optoelectronic applications. While remarkable progress has been achieved in ...the development of organic tin halide hybrids with diverse structures and controlled dimensionalities at the molecular level, some controversial results that have been reported recently need to be addressed. For instance, different photophysical properties have been reported for two-dimensional (2D) (PEA)2SnBr4 (PEA = phenylethylammonium) by several groups with distinct emission peaks at around 468 and 550 nm. Here we report our efforts in the synthesis of phenylethylammonium tin bromide hybrids with zero-dimensional (0D) and 2D structures, and characterizations of their structural and photophysical properties. 0D (PEA)4SnBr6(PEA)Br2CCl2H22 was found to exhibit strong yellow emission peak at 566 nm with a photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) of ~90%, while 2D (PEA)2SnBr4 had weak emission peak at 470 nm with a PLQE of <0.1%. Interestingly, 0D (PEA)4SnBr6(PEA)Br2CCl2H22 can be converted into 2D (PEA)2SnBr4 upon drying, which would return to 0D (PEA)4SnBr6(PEA)Br2CCl2H22 upon addition of dichloromethane. Powder X-ray diffraction results confirmed the reversible transformation between 0D and 2D structures. Density functional theory calculations showed that excitons in 0D (PEA)4SnBr6(PEA)Br2CCl2H22 are highly localized, resulting in a strongly Stokes shifted broadband emission, while delocalized electronic states in 2D (PEA)2SnBr4 result in weaker exciton binding, a higher exciton mobility, and a higher nonradiative decay.
Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials can be modified by the substrates. In this study, the substrate effect on the electrocatalytic hydrogen ...evolution reaction (HER) in 2D Mo
2
C monolayers was investigated using first principles calculations. The isolated Mo
2
C monolayer shows large variation in HER activity depending on hydrogen coverage: it has relatively low activity at low hydrogen coverage but high activity at high hydrogen coverage. Among Ag, Au, Cu, and graphene substrates, the HER activity is improved on the Ag and Cu substrates especially at low hydrogen coverage, while the effects of the Au and graphene substrates on the HER activity are insignificant. The improvement is caused by the charge redistribution in the Mo
2
C layer on the substrate, and therefore the HER activity becomes high for any hydrogen coverage on the Ag and Cu substrates. Our results suggest that, in two-dimensional electrocatalysis, the substrate has a degree of freedom to tune the catalytic activity.
The strong binding between streptavidin (SA) and biotin has been used as a useful tool in the study of biological system. When SA is mixed with biotinylated bovine serum albumin (bBSA), aggregates ...are formed by crosslinking. We employed fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to determine the hydrodynamic radius of SA‐bBSA aggregates. We found that their hydrodynamic radius depends on the molar ratio of SA to bBSA, with the maximum radius being observed for 4:1 SA to bBSA. When the molar ratio of SA to bBSA was 6:1, the size of the aggregates decreased sharply because the SA molecules surround the bBSA and as a result, crosslinking is greatly reduced. Based on the hydration radius of the aggregates, we estimate that 7 to 8 SA molecules were bound to one bBSA.
Graphical shows the aggregation by streptavidin and biotinlyated BSA and the resulting FCS curves.
Morbidity and mortality resulting from influenza-like disease are a threat, especially for older adults. To improve case management, next-generation broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics that are ...efficacious against major drivers of influenza-like disease, including influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), are urgently needed. Using a dual-pathogen high-throughput screening protocol for influenza A virus (IAV) and RSV inhibitors, we have identified
-hydroxycytidine (NHC) as a potent inhibitor of RSV, influenza B viruses, and IAVs of human, avian, and swine origins. Biochemical
polymerase assays and viral RNA sequencing revealed that the ribonucleotide analog is incorporated into nascent viral RNAs in place of cytidine, increasing the frequency of viral mutagenesis. Viral passaging in cell culture in the presence of an inhibitor did not induce robust resistance. Pharmacokinetic profiling demonstrated dose-dependent oral bioavailability of 36 to 56%, sustained levels of the active 5'-triphosphate anabolite in primary human airway cells and mouse lung tissue, and good tolerability after extended dosing at 800 mg/kg of body weight/day. The compound was orally efficacious against RSV and both seasonal and highly pathogenic avian IAVs in mouse models, reducing lung virus loads and alleviating disease biomarkers. Oral dosing reduced IAV burdens in a guinea pig transmission model and suppressed virus spread to uninfected contact animals through direct transmission. Based on its broad-spectrum efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties, NHC is a promising candidate for future clinical development as a treatment option for influenza-like diseases.
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