Diabetes is common in COVID-19 patients and associated with unfavorable outcomes. We aimed to describe the characteristics and outcomes and to analyze the risk factors for in-hospital mortality of ...COVID-19 patients with diabetes.
This two-center retrospective study was performed at two tertiary hospitals in Wuhan, China. Confirmed COVID-19 patients with diabetes (
= 153) who were discharged or died from 1 January 2020 to 8 March 2020 were identified. One sex- and age-matched COVID-19 patient without diabetes was randomly selected for each patient with diabetes. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were abstracted. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors associated with the mortality in these patients.
Of 1,561 COVID-19 patients, 153 (9.8%) had diabetes, with a median age of 64.0 (interquartile range 56.0-72.0) years. A higher proportion of intensive care unit admission (17.6% vs. 7.8%,
= 0.01) and more fatal cases (20.3% vs. 10.5%,
= 0.017) were identified in COVID-19 patients with diabetes than in the matched patients. Multivariable Cox regression analyses of these 306 patients showed that hypertension (hazard ratio HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.30-4.78), cardiovascular disease (HR 2.24, 95% CI 1.19-4.23), and chronic pulmonary disease (HR 2.51, 95% CI 1.07-5.90) were independently associated with in-hospital death. Diabetes (HR 1.58, 95% CI 0.84-2.99) was not statistically significantly associated with in-hospital death after adjustment. Among patients with diabetes, nonsurvivors were older (76.0 vs. 63.0 years), most were male (71.0% vs. 29.0%), and they were more likely to have underlying hypertension (83.9% vs. 50.0%) and cardiovascular disease (45.2% vs. 14.8%) (all
values <0.05). Age ≥70 years (HR 2.39, 95% CI 1.03-5.56) and hypertension (HR 3.10, 95% CI 1.14-8.44) were independent risk factors for in-hospital death of patients with diabetes.
COVID-19 patients with diabetes had worse outcomes compared with the sex- and age-matched patients without diabetes. Older age and comorbid hypertension independently contributed to in-hospital death of patients with diabetes.
► Sulfate radicals can efficiently degrade 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) in Co/PMS system. ► pH and its adjustment order largely affect TCP degradation kinetics. ► A de novo formation mechanism of ...polychlorinated compounds was proposed.
The degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) by sulfate radical generated via Co(II)-mediated activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was examined. The influencing factors, such as substrate concentration and pH were investigated. The initial pH and its adjustment orders significantly affected the TCP degradation and mineralization. Several chlorinated products were detected, as well as some carboxylic acids, such as glycolic acid and oxalic acid. Many polychlorinated (chlorine atom number ⩾3) aromatics (e.g. 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzenediol) and even their ring-opening products (e.g. 2,4-dichloro-5-oxo-2-hexenedioic acid, 1,1,3,3-tetrachloro-2-propanone) were identified, indicating a de novo formation mechanism of organohalogens may be involved in TCP degradation. The released chlorine atoms from TCP and/or dichloride radicals activated by sulfate radicals played an important role. This finding may have significant scientific and technical implications for utilizing Co/PMS reagent to detoxify chlorinated pollutants.
Defective centrosome duplication is implicated in microcephaly and primordial dwarfism as well as various ciliopathies and cancers. Yet, how the centrosome biogenesis is regulated remains poorly ...understood. Here we report that the X-linked deubiquitinase USP9X is physically associated with centriolar satellite protein CEP131, thereby stabilizing CEP131 through its deubiquitinase activity. We demonstrate that USP9X is an integral component of centrosome and is required for centrosome biogenesis. Loss-of-function of USP9X impairs centrosome duplication and gain-of-function of USP9X promotes centrosome amplification and chromosome instability. Significantly, USP9X is overexpressed in breast carcinomas, and its level of expression is correlated with that of CEP131 and higher histologic grades of breast cancer. Indeed, USP9X, through regulation of CEP131 abundance, promotes breast carcinogenesis. Our experiments identify USP9X as an important regulator of centrosome biogenesis and uncover a critical role for USP9X/CEP131 in breast carcinogenesis, supporting the pursuit of USP9X/CEP131 as potential targets for breast cancer intervention.
Lanthanide luminescence sensors have attracted extensive attention in the detection of 2, 6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA), the main biomarker of anthrax. In previous reports detecting DPA, ...luminescence probes may not have high selectivity and high specificity for identification. In the present study, a highly specific and sensitive luminescence probe was synthesized. In this paper, TbxGd1-x (PBA)2NO3·2H2On is synthesized by solvothermal method using HPBA = 3.5-bis(triazol-1-yl)benzoic acid and Ln (NO3)3·6H2O (Ln = Tb, Gd). Through modulating the molar ratio of Tb3+ ions and Gd3+ ions, the distance between Ln3+ ions is changed, leading to a change in the energy transfer from the ligand to Tb3+, which in turn leads to an increase in luminescence intensity. Meanwhile the luminous colour is regulated by the ratio of Tb/Gd, which changes from green to white as the Gd ion gradually increases. The bimetallic ratiometric luminescence sensor realized accurate, high sensitivity (LOD is 1.03 × 10−6 M) and high selectivity detection of DPA. Due to the simple synthesis method and low technical requirements, this work provides a good strategy for the development of simple and effective bimetallic ratiometric luminescence sensors.
The coordination polymer (Tb0.9Gd0.1-PBA) provides specific recognition of DPA and is a fluorescent sensor with high sensitivity, high selectivity and good interference immunity. In addition the lanthanide ion doping method described in this paper allows the development of more multicentre luminescent sensing materials for the large number of available Ln-MOFs. This work will expand the application of Ln-MOFs in chemical sensing and inspire other researchers to explore in this direction. Display omitted
•The bimetallic lanthanide coordination polymers exhibit high selectivity, fast response, DPA-specific recognition.•The bimetallic lanthanide coordination polymers have low detection limits and high sensitivity to DPA.•Luminescence sensors utilize a two-dimensional decoding map for the precise identification of DPA.•The luminescence colour can be changed by adjusting the molar ratio of Tb3+ to Gd3+.
How loss-of-function of GATA3 contributes to the development of breast cancer is poorly understood. Here, we report that GATA3 nucleates a transcription repression program composed of G9A and MTA3-, ...but not MTA1- or MTA2-, constituted NuRD complex. Genome-wide analysis of the GATA3/G9A/NuRD(MTA3) targets identified a cohort of genes including ZEB2 that are critically involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cell invasion. We demonstrate that the GATA3/G9A/NuRD(MTA3) complex inhibits the invasive potential of breast cancer cells in vitro and suppresses breast cancer metastasis in vivo. Strikingly, the expression of GATA3, G9A, and MTA3 is concurrently downregulated during breast cancer progression, leading to an elevated expression of ZEB2, which, in turn, represses the expression of G9A and MTA3 through the recruitment of G9A/NuRD(MTA1).
•GATA3 is physically associated with the G9A/NuRD(MTA3) complex•The GATA3/G9A/NuRD(MTA3) complex represses ZEB2•The GATA3/G9A/NuRD(MTA3) complex suppresses the metastasis of breast cancer•The ZEB2/G9A/NuRD(MTA1) complex represses G9A and MTA3
Si et al. show that GATA3 interacts with G9A and the NuRD (MTA3) complex to transcriptionally repress genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Dysfunctional reciprocal feedback regulation between GATA3/G9A/NuRD(MTA3) and ZEB2/G9A/NuRD(MTA1) contributes to breast cancer progression.
Inducing residual stress in metallic glasses (MGs) is recognized to be beneficial for plasticity but the mechanisms on how it affects shear band nucleation, propagation and multiplication remain ...poorly understood. With the aid of experimental and computational approaches, we address this issue by comparatively studying the deformation behavior of two types of MG samples, which were individually prepared by surface imprinting and photo-chemical etching but having similar surface patterns. Results showed that the imprinted MGs exhibit simultaneously enhanced plasticity and compressive strength, while the etched ones show limited plasticity improvement and reduced strength. The enhanced mechanical properties of the imprinted MGs are attributed to the compressive residual stresses generated near the surfaces, rather than the resultant geometrical pits. Finite element analysis revealed that the residual stress induces obvious stress gradient and inhomogeneous plastic deformation, which facilitate heterogeneous nucleation of multiple shear bands near the surfaces. Complementary atomistic simulations further revealed that the stress gradient resulting from the residual stress slows down the shear banding dynamics and causes deflection and branching, which consequently promotes shear band multiplication during propagation. This work uncovers the interactions between the residual stresses and shear bands, which are useful for processing MGs with desirable mechanical properties.
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•Surface-imprinted metallic glasses exhibit enhanced plasticity and strength due to deformation-induced redisual stresses.•Surface compressive residual stress promotes earlier yielding, acting as stimulators for multiple shear band initiation.•The stress gradient raised from the residual stress slows down shear banding dynamics via deflection and branching.•The stress gradient perturbes the autocatalytic percolation of shear transformation zones in the shear front.
Abstract
To understand the molecular and genetic mechanisms related to the litter size in one species of two different populations (high litter size and low litter size), we performed RNA-seq for the ...oocytes and granulosa cells (GCs) at different developmental stages of follicle, and identified the interaction of genes from both sides of follicle (oocyte and GCs) and the ligand-receptor pairs from these two sides. Our data were very comprehensive to uncover the difference between these two populations regarding the folliculogenesis. First, we identified a set of potential genes in oocyte and GCs as the marker genes which can be used to determine the goat fertility capability and ovarian reserve ability. The data showed that
GRHPR
,
GPR84
,
CYB5A
and
ERAL1
were highly expressed in oocyte while
JUNB
,
SCN2A
,
MEGE8
,
ZEB2
,
EGR1
and
PRRC2A
were highly expressed in GCs. We found more functional genes were expressed in oocytes and GCs in high fertility group (HL) than that in low fertility group (LL). We uncovered that ligand-receptor pairs in
Notch
signaling pathway and transforming growth factor-β (
TGF
-β) superfamily pathways played important roles in goat folliculogenesis for the different fertility population. Moreover, we discovered that the correlations of the gene expression in oocytes and GCs at different stages in the two populations HL and LL were different, too. All the data reflected the gene expression landscape in oocytes and GCs which was correlated well with the fertility capability.
Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) moiré superlattices, owing to the moiré flatbands and strong correlation, can host periodic electron crystals and fascinating correlated physics. The TMDC ...heterojunctions in the type-II alignment also enable long-lived interlayer excitons that are promising for correlated bosonic states, while the interaction is dictated by the asymmetry of the heterojunction. Here we demonstrate a new excitonic state, quadrupolar exciton, in a symmetric WSe
-WS
-WSe
trilayer moiré superlattice. The quadrupolar excitons exhibit a quadratic dependence on the electric field, distinctively different from the linear Stark shift of the dipolar excitons in heterobilayers. This quadrupolar exciton stems from the hybridization of WSe
valence moiré flatbands. The same mechanism also gives rise to an interlayer Mott insulator state, in which the two WSe
layers share one hole laterally confined in one moiré unit cell. In contrast, the hole occupation probability in each layer can be continuously tuned via an out-of-plane electric field, reaching 100% in the top or bottom WSe
under a large electric field, accompanying the transition from quadrupolar excitons to dipolar excitons. Our work demonstrates a trilayer moiré system as a new exciting playground for realizing novel correlated states and engineering quantum phase transitions.
Prussian-blue analogues attract significant interest as cathode materials for rechargeable aqueous sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to their open-framework structure and good cycling stability in ...aqueous electrolytes, but they usually suffer from low practical specific capacities (∼70 mA h g–1). Herein, the electrochemical properties of the nanostructured Na2Co0.8Ni0.2Fe(CN)6 compound in a high-concentration NaSO3CF3 electrolyte are systematically investigated by the cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic technique. It is found that the material delivers a high reversible capacity of 116.4 mA h g–1 at the current of 50 mA g–1 and a working potential of 0.67 V (vs Ag/AgCl) on average, achieving a high theoretical specific energy of 171 W h kg–1 in aqueous SIBs with a NaTi2(PO4)3 anode. In particular, it exhibits good cycling performance with a capacity retention of 88% after continuously charging/discharging for 100 cycles at the current of 100 mA g–1. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism is understood by combining ex situ X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Experimental results reveal that the material undergoes an initial structural transformation from the rhombohedral phase to the cubic phase, and a subsequent solid-solution mechanism in a wide potential range, through reversible chemistry of Co3+/Co2+ and Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couples. The findings of this work open up more opportunities for designing high-energy aqueous SIBs.
Although clinically associated with severe developmental defects, the biological function of FOXK2 remains poorly explored. Here we report that FOXK2 interacts with transcription corepressor ...complexes NCoR/SMRT, SIN3A, NuRD, and REST/CoREST to repress a cohort of genes including HIF1β and EZH2 and to regulate several signaling pathways including the hypoxic response. We show that FOXK2 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells and suppresses the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. Interestingly, FOXK2 is transactivated by ERα and transrepressed via reciprocal successive feedback by HIF1β/EZH2. Significantly, the expression of FOXK2 is progressively lost during breast cancer progression, and low FOXK2 expression is strongly correlated with higher histologic grades, positive lymph nodes, and ERα−/PR−/HER2- status, all indicators of poor prognosis.
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•FOXK2 is a transcription repressor•FOXK2 is physically associated with multiple corepressor complexes•FOXK2 and its associated corepressor complexes target the hypoxia pathway•FOXK2 suppresses the growth and metastasis of breast cancer
Shan et al. show that FOXK2 interacts with multiple corepressor complexes to repress the expression of a cohort of genes including HIF1β and EZH2. They show that an ERα-FOXK2-HIF1β/EZH2 axis is critically involved in breast cancer progression and that low FOXK2 expression correlates with poor prognosis.
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