We consider planar massless scalar waves impinging upon a Kerr black hole, for general angles of incidence. We compute the absorption cross section via the partial wave approach, and present a ...gallery of results. In the low-frequency regime, we show that the cross section approaches the horizon area; in the high-frequency regime, we show that the cross section approaches the geodesic capture cross section. In the aligned case, we extend the complex angular momentum method to obtain a `sinc' approximation, which relates the regular high-frequency oscillations in the cross section to the properties of the polar null orbit. In the non-aligned case, we show, via a semi-analytic approximation, that the reduction in symmetry generates a richer, less regular absorption cross section. We separate the absorption cross section into corotating and counterrotating contributions, showing that the absorption is larger for counterrotating waves, as expected.
LEITE, C. A. V. G. Bloqueio do receptor da interleucina-1 com Anakinra Inibe a cistite hemorrágica induzida por ifosfamida. 2014. 117 f. Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia e ...Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 2014.
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Previous issue date: 2014-04-11
Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) induced by ifosfamide (IFO) is an important clinical complication in patients with cancer. Despite prophylaxis, HC is observed. The role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the pathogenesis of HC provides targets for treatment. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) and anti-TNF-alpha antibody (infliximab) in experimental HC-induced by IFO in mice. Swiss , C57BL6 , IL -1R-/-, CASP1-/-, TNFR1-/-, TNFR1/R2-/- mice were used. Animals were submitted to pre- treatment with anakinra 100 mg/ kg, ip or infliximab 5 mg/ Kg, ip, or saline ip, 1h after, they were treated with IFO 400 mg/ kg ip, and 12 h after IFO injection they were killed. Then, it was performed resection of the bladder for macroscopic and histopathological evaluation, vascular permeability assay, myeloperoxidase assay, muscle contractility, cistometrogram and flow cytometry to neutrophils and macrophages. Some animals prior to death, were subjected to evaluation of visceral nociception. Anakinra was able to attenuate hemorrhage, edema, neutrophil infiltration, visceral hypernociception and bladder dysfunction. In addition, it was observed reduction of inflammatory parameters and bladder infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in IL -1R-/- mice, when compared to wild type animals. In contrast, caspase-1-/- mice did not change the inflammatory pattern when compared to wild type animals. Conversely, infliximab inhibited bladder edema and visceral hypernociception, but did not inhibit hemorrhage, infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages and bladder dysfunction. A reduction in bladder edema was also observed in TNFR1-/- mice, when compared with wild type animals, although TNFR1-/- mice did not block infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. In other hand, TNFR1/R2-/- mice treated with IFO showed a deterioration of HC. Thus, this study shows the efficacy of anakinra in preventing the HC syndrome induced by IFO, and efficacy of infliximab in inhibiting hypernociception. In addition, the pathogenesis of HC appears to be independent of IL- 1β produced by caspase-1 or IL-1α dependent. Furthermore, HC appears to be partially dependent of TNFR1, but possibly arising from a physiological protection TNFR2.
Cistite hemorrágica (CH) induzida por ifosfamida (IFO) é uma importante complicação clínica em pacientes com câncer. Atualmente, mesna e hiper- hidratação são utilizadas como profilaxia, a despeito de ainda ser observada CH através de cistoscopia e histopatologia mesmo com essas medidas. A participação de interleucina-1 (IL-1) e fator de necrose tumoral (TNF) na patogênese da CH provê alvos para o tratamento dessa doença. Assim, esse trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito protetor do antagonista do receptor da IL-1 (anakinra) e do anticorpo anti-TNF- alfa (infliximabe) nas respostas inflamatórias, nociceptivas e funcionais da CH experimental induzida por IFO em camundongos. Foram utilizados camundongos Swiss, C57BL6, IL-1R-/-, CASP1-/-, TNFR1-/-, TNFR1/R2-/-. Os animais WT foram submetidos ao tratamento com anakinra 100 mg/kg i.p. ou infliximabe 5 mg/kgi.p. ou salina i.p., foram tratados 1h após com IFO 400 mg/kg i.p., e 12 h após a IFO foi realizado o sacrifício, com excisão das bexigas para avaliação macroscópica, histopatológica, permeabilidade vascular, mieloperoxidase, contratilidade, cistometrografia e citometria de fluxo para neutrófilos e macrófagos. Alguns animais, antes do sacrifício, foram submetidos a avaliação de nocicepção visceral. Anakinra foi capaz de atenuar hemorragia, edema, infiltrado neutrofílico, hipernocicepção visceral e disfunção vesical. Além disso, foi observada redução dos parâmetros inflamatórios e no infiltrado vesical de neutrófilos e macrófagos em animais IL-1R-/-em comparação a animais selvagens. Por outro lado, com animais caspase-1-/-, não houve mudança no padrão inflamatório. O infliximabe, por sua vez, inibiu o edema vesical e a hipernocicepção visceral, sem interferir na hemorragia, no infiltrado de neutrófilos e macrófagos e na disfunção vesical. Foi observada também uma melhora do edema vesical em animais TNFR1-/-, sem melhora no infiltrado de neutrófilos e macrófagos, e observou-se uma piora da CH em animais TNFR1/R2-/-. Com isso, o presente trabalho demonstra a eficácia de anakinra em prevenir a síndrome da CH induzida por IFO, e a eficácia do infliximabe em inibir a hipernocicepção. Adicionalmente, a patogênese da CH parece ser independente de IL-1β produzido por caspase-1, ou dependente de IL-1α. Além disso, a CH parece ser dependente parcialmente do receptor TNFR1, e possivelmente possui uma proteção fisiológica advinda do receptor TNFR2.
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
Cistite hemorrÃgica (CH) induzida por ifosfamida (IFO) à uma importante complicaÃÃo clÃnica em pacientes com cÃncer. Atualmente, mesna e ...hiper- hidrataÃÃo sÃo utilizadas como profilaxia, a despeito de ainda ser observada CH atravÃs de cistoscopia e histopatologia mesmo com essas medidas. A participaÃÃo de interleucina-1 (IL-1) e fator de necrose tumoral (TNF) na patogÃnese da CH provà alvos para o tratamento dessa doenÃa. Assim, esse trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito protetor do antagonista do receptor da IL-1 (anakinra) e do anticorpo anti-TNF- alfa (infliximabe) nas respostas inflamatÃrias, nociceptivas e funcionais da CH experimental induzida por IFO em camundongos. Foram utilizados camundongos Swiss, C57BL6, IL-1R-/-, CASP1-/-, TNFR1-/-, TNFR1/R2-/-. Os animais WT foram submetidos ao tratamento com anakinra 100 mg/kg i.p. ou infliximabe 5 mg/kgi.p. ou salina i.p., foram tratados 1h apÃs com IFO 400 mg/kg i.p., e 12 h apÃs a IFO foi realizado o sacrifÃcio, com excisÃo das bexigas para avaliaÃÃo macroscÃpica, histopatolÃgica, permeabilidade vascular, mieloperoxidase, contratilidade, cistometrografia e citometria de fluxo para neutrÃfilos e macrÃfagos. Alguns animais, antes do sacrifÃcio, foram submetidos a avaliaÃÃo de nocicepÃÃo visceral. Anakinra foi capaz de atenuar hemorragia, edema, infiltrado neutrofÃlico, hipernocicepÃÃo visceral e disfunÃÃo vesical. AlÃm disso, foi observada reduÃÃo dos parÃmetros inflamatÃrios e no infiltrado vesical de neutrÃfilos e macrÃfagos em animais IL-1R-/-em comparaÃÃo a animais selvagens. Por outro lado, com animais caspase-1-/-, nÃo houve mudanÃa no padrÃo inflamatÃrio. O infliximabe, por sua vez, inibiu o edema vesical e a hipernocicepÃÃo visceral, sem interferir na hemorragia, no infiltrado de neutrÃfilos e macrÃfagos e na disfunÃÃo vesical. Foi observada tambÃm uma melhora do edema vesical em animais TNFR1-/-, sem melhora no infiltrado de neutrÃfilos e macrÃfagos, e observou-se uma piora da CH em animais TNFR1/R2-/-. Com isso, o presente trabalho demonstra a eficÃcia de anakinra em prevenir a sÃndrome da CH induzida por IFO, e a eficÃcia do infliximabe em inibir a hipernocicepÃÃo. Adicionalmente, a patogÃnese da CH parece ser independente de IL-1β produzido por caspase-1, ou dependente de IL-1α. AlÃm disso, a CH parece ser dependente parcialmente do receptor TNFR1, e possivelmente possui uma proteÃÃo fisiolÃgica advinda do receptor TNFR2.
Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) induced by ifosfamide (IFO) is an important clinical complication in patients with cancer. Despite prophylaxis, HC is observed. The role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the pathogenesis of HC provides targets for treatment. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) and anti-TNF-alpha antibody (infliximab) in experimental HC-induced by IFO in mice. Swiss , C57BL6 , IL -1R-/-, CASP1-/-, TNFR1-/-, TNFR1/R2-/- mice were used. Animals were submitted to pre- treatment with anakinra 100 mg/ kg, ip or infliximab 5 mg/ Kg, ip, or saline ip, 1h after, they were treated with IFO 400 mg/ kg ip, and 12 h after IFO injection they were killed. Then, it was performed resection of the bladder for macroscopic and histopathological evaluation, vascular permeability assay, myeloperoxidase assay, muscle contractility, cistometrogram and flow cytometry to neutrophils and macrophages. Some animals prior to death, were subjected to evaluation of visceral nociception. Anakinra was able to attenuate hemorrhage, edema, neutrophil infiltration, visceral hypernociception and bladder dysfunction. In addition, it was observed reduction of inflammatory parameters and bladder infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in IL -1R-/- mice, when compared to wild type animals. In contrast, caspase-1-/- mice did not change the inflammatory pattern when compared to wild type animals. Conversely, infliximab inhibited bladder edema and visceral hypernociception, but did not inhibit hemorrhage, infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages and bladder dysfunction. A reduction in bladder edema was also observed in TNFR1-/- mice, when compared with wild type animals, although TNFR1-/- mice did not block infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. In other hand, TNFR1/R2-/- mice treated with IFO showed a deterioration of HC. Thus, this study shows the efficacy of anakinra in preventing the HC syndrome induced by IFO, and efficacy of infliximab in inhibiting hypernociception. In addition, the pathogenesis of HC appears to be independent of IL- 1β produced by caspase-1 or IL-1α dependent. Furthermore, HC appears to be partially dependent of TNFR1, but possibly arising from a physiological protection TNFR2.
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Previous issue date: 2016-03-14
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The Pastoral Catholic School (Pastoral Escolar Católica) works with kids from kindergarten to high school. The purpose of this institution is to approach the young community starting from bases offered by theory of complexity. The main goal of this research are investigate the scenario experienced by the Pastoral School from its actions with young teenagers during high school, analyze the contributions that the themes about the theory of complexity offers to the Pastoral Catholic School to work with young teenagers in high school, and identify the relationship between the needs of the young teenagers and the Pastoral Catholic School actions. There are specific questions that we expect to answer by the end of this research like what is the scenario experienced by the Pastoral Catholic School working with young teenagers in high school? What are the contributions of the theory of complexity to the work of the Pastoral Catholic School with young teenagers in high school? Which relationship can be established between the needs of the young teenagers and the actions taken by the Pastoral Catholic School? Since the story and the social environment that the institution and the people involved interfere directly in the actions practiced by the Pastoral Catholic School, this research was developed in a methodological process in which were conducted interviews with the young teenagers in an exploratory way.
A Pastoral Escolar Católica atua com crianças e jovens desde a educação infantil até o término do Ensino Médio. A proposta aqui levantada foi uma aproximação com o público jovem a partir de bases oferecidas pela teoria da complexidade. Os objetivos da pesquisa são: investigar o cenário vivenciado pela Pastoral Escolar a partir das suas ações com jovens no período do Ensino Médio; analisar as contribuições dos temas da teoria da complexidade para as ações da Pastoral Escolar com jovens no Ensino Médio; identificar a relação entre as necessidades dos/das jovens com as ações da Pastoral Escolar. Entende-se que há questões específicas as quais espera-se responder durante a pesquisa; são elas: qual o cenário vivenciado pela Pastoral Escolar na sua atuação com jovens no Ensino Médio? Quais contribuições os temas da teoria da complexidade oferecem para as ações da Pastoral Escolar com jovens no Ensino Médio? Qual relação pode ser estabelecida entre as necessidades dos/das jovens e as ações específicas da Pastoral Escolar acerca dessas questões? A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de um processo metodológico no qual foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os/as jovens e assumiu um caráter exploratório, uma vez que a história e o contexto social no qual a instituição e as pessoas envolvidas interferem de forma direta nas ações praticadas pela Pastoral.
This study describes the embryonic development of Moenkhausia oligolepis in captive conditions. After fertilization, the embryos were collected every 10 min up to 2 h, every 20 min up to 4 h, and ...every 30 min until hatching. The fertilized eggs of M. oligolepis measured approximately 0.85 mm and have an adhesive surface. The embryonic development lasted 14 hours at 25C, with the Zygote, Cleavage, Blastula, Gastrula, Neurula and Segmentation phases. The hatching occurred in embryos around the 30-somites stage. Our results bring only the second description of embryonic development to a species of Moenkhausia genus, the first for the refereed species. Such data are of paramount importance considering the current conflicting state of this genus phylogenetic classification and may help taxonomic studies. Understand the biology of a species that is easily handling in captive conditions and has an ornamental appeal may assist studies in its reproduction in order to both, supply the aquarium market and help the species conservation in nature. Moreover, our data enable the M. oligolepis to be used as a model species in biotechnological applications, such germ cell transplantation approach. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
The aim of this study was to analyze the concentration of the coffee industry in the municipalities of Minas Gerais with potential for structuring clusters between 2002 and 2010. The state tax ...revenue was used to measure the average Normalized Concentration Index (NCI) of the sector among municipalities which, in turn, were filtered by the amount of participation in employment and establishments. The municipalities of Capelinha and Varginha were listed as potential clusters for the coffee industry because only they presented NCI above average, at least five establishments and at least 1% of the jobs in the sector during the period analyzed.
Managing Big Data Privacy and Security Ramji, Aliya; Tamer, Deniz; Cota, Carina Barrera ...
International Law News,
09/2017, Letnik:
46, Številka:
1
Newsletter
This study was done to determine the occurrence of mycobacteria in the bloodstreams of patients with fever and advanced AIDS in a Brazilian hospital. We also verified the capability of an automated ...method for recovering these bacteria. During a period of 19 months, 254 patients with AIDS were evaluated. Blood cultures were generally submitted in pairs and drawn separately. Blood cultures were processed by the BACTEC 460TB System (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Sparks, MD), using the Bactec 13A media (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Sparks, MD). Of the 530 vials submitted, 77 (14.5%) from 41 (16%) patients were positive. Mycobacterium avium complex was recovered from 45 (58.4%) of the 77 positive vials, corresponding to 22 (53.6%) patients with positive blood cultures. The average time to detect Mycobacterium avium complex was 15 days. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was recovered from 26 (33.8%) of the 77 positive vials, corresponding to 15 (36.6%) patients with positive blood cultures, with an average detection time of 24 days. Other species of mycobacteria were recovered from 6 (7.8%) of the 77 vials, corresponding to 4 (9.8%) patients. M.avium complex was fairly prevalent (8.7%) in severely ill patients with AIDS in our hospital. M. tuberculosis was also an important (6.0%) agent of systemic bacterial infections in these patients. The rapid diagnosis of mycobacteremia was possible with the implementation of this automated technology.
Estimulação magnética transcraniana em psiquiatria Marcolin, Marco Antonio; Marra, Hellen Livia Drumond; Abujadi, Caio ...
Revista debates em psiquiatria,
08/2012, Letnik:
2, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo foi retratar a experiência com Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana no Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Medicina USP ...(HC-FMUSP), e sua aplicação na prática clínica psiquiátrica. Métodos: Foi feita uma descrição geral dos princípios e histórico da Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana (EMT). E ainda, foram compilados os principais resultados de pesquisa por nós realizadas ao longo de 13 anos em áreas como depressão, esquizofrenia, transtorno obsessivo compulsivo, dependência química, comprometimento cognitivo, infância (autismo), entre outros. São abordadas também questões relativas à segurança e efeitos colaterais de importância para a prática clínica. Resultados: São abordados junto com os principais estudos apresentados no corpo do texto. Conclusão: A EMT é um procedimento de múltiplas indicações terapêuticas em transtornos psiquiátricos e neurológicos, além de ter potencial diagnóstico e utilidade no planejamento neurocirúrgico. Atualmente, tem aprovação pelo Conselho Federal de Medicina para tratamento de depressões e alucinações auditivas independentemente de protocolos de pesquisa. É um método inovador em seus aspectos técnicos: não invasivo, estímulo focal e indolor, simples de ser aplicado e com baixo risco para pesquisas em seres humanos, além de perfil benigno de feitos colaterais.
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