Social participation is a key determinant of successful and healthy aging and therefore an important emerging intervention goal for health professionals. Despite the interest shown in the concept of ...social participation over the last decade, there is no agreement on its definition and underlying dimensions. This paper provides an inventory and content analysis of definitions of social participation in older adults. Based on these results, a taxonomy of social activities is proposed. Four databases (Medline, CINAHL, AgeLine and PsycInfo) were searched with relevant keywords (Aging OR Ageing OR Elderly OR Older OR Seniors AND Community involvement/participation OR Social engagement/involvement/participation) resulting in the identification of 43 definitions. Using content analysis, definitions were deconstructed as a function of who, how, what, where, with whom, when, and why dimensions. Then, using activity analysis, we explored the typical contexts, demands and potential meanings of activities (main dimension). Content analysis showed that social participation definitions (
n = 43) mostly focused on the person’s involvement in activities providing interactions with others in society or the community. Depending on the main goal of these social activities, six proximal to distal levels of involvement of the individual with others were identified: 1) doing an activity in preparation for connecting with others, 2) being with others, 3) interacting with others without doing a specific activity with them, 4) doing an activity with others, 5) helping others, and 6) contributing to society. These levels are discussed in a continuum that can help distinguish social participation (levels 3 through 6) from parallel but different concepts such as participation (levels 1 through 6) and social engagement (levels 5 and 6). This taxonomy might be useful in pinpointing the focus of future investigations and clarifying dimensions specific to social participation.
Since mobility and social participation are key determinants of health and quality of life, it is important to identify factors associated with them. Although several investigations have been ...conducted on the neighborhood environment, mobility and social participation, there is no clear integration of the results. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding regarding how the neighborhood environment is associated with mobility and social participation in older adults.
A rigorous methodological scoping study framework was used to search nine databases from different fields with fifty-one keywords. Data were exhaustively analyzed, organized and synthesized according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) by two research assistants following PRISMA guidelines, and results were validated with knowledge users.
The majority of the 50 selected articles report results of cross-sectional studies (29; 58%), mainly conducted in the US (24; 48%) or Canada (15; 30%). Studies mostly focused on neighborhood environment associations with mobility (39; 78%), social participation (19; 38%), and occasionally both (11; 22%). Neighborhood attributes considered were mainly 'Pro ducts and technology' (43; 86) and 'Services, systems and policies' (37; 74%), but also 'Natural and human-made changes' (27; 54%) and 'Support and relationships' (21; 42%). Mobility and social participation were both positively associated with Proximity to resources and recreational facilities, Social support, Having a car or driver's license, Public transportation and Neighborhood security, and negatively associated with Poor user-friendliness of the walking environment and Neighborhood insecurity. Attributes of the neighborhood environment not covered by previous research on mobility and social participation mainly concerned 'Attitudes', and 'Services, systems and policies'.
Results from this comprehensive synthesis of empirical studies on associations of the neighborhood environment with mobility and social participation will ultimately support best practices, decisions and the development of innovative inclusive public health interventions including clear guidelines for the creation of age-supportive environments. To foster mobility and social participation, these interventions must consider Proximity to resources and to recreational facilities, Social support, Transportation, Neighborhood security and User-friendliness of the walking environment. Future studies should include both mobility and social participation, and investigate how they are associated with 'Attitudes', and 'Services, systems and policies' in older adults, including disadvantaged older adults.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objectives
This paper examines the longitudinal effects of changes in the association between loneliness and depressive symptoms during the pandemic among older adults (65+). Methods Baseline ...(2011–2015) and Follow-up 1 (2015–2018) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), and the Baseline and Exit waves of the CLSA COVID-19 study (April–December, 2020) (n = 12,469) were used. Loneliness was measured using the 3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale and depression using the CES_D- 9. Results Loneliness is associated with depressive symptoms pre-pandemic; and changes in level of loneliness between FUP1 and the COVID Exit survey, adjusting for covariates. No interaction between loneliness and caregiving, and with multimorbidity, on depressive symptoms were observed, and several covariates exhibited associations with depressive symptoms. Discussion Strong support is found for an association between loneliness on depressive symptoms among older adults during the pandemic. Public health approaches addressing loneliness could reduce the burden of depression on older populations.
Abstract
Background
considering the importance of social participation for quality of life and active ageing in older adults, it is an important target of social and health professionals’ ...interventions. A previous review of definitions of social participation in older adults included articles up to 2009; new publications and changes in the social context (e.g. social media and the COVID-19 pandemic) justify continuing this work.
Objective
this paper provides an updated inventory and synthesis of definitions of social participation in older adults. Based on a critical review by content experts and knowledge users, a consensual definition is proposed.
Methods
using a scoping study framework, four databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, AgeLine, PsycInfo) were searched with relevant keywords. Fifty-four new definitions were identified. Using content analysis, definitions were deconstructed as a function of who, how, what, where, with whom, when, and why dimensions.
Results
social participation definitions mostly focused on people’s involvement in activities providing interactions with others in society or the community. According to this new synthesis and input from content experts and knowledge users, social participation can be defined as a person’s involvement in activities providing interactions with others in community life and in important shared spaces, evolving according to available time and resources, and based on the societal context and what individuals want and is meaningful to them.
Conclusion
a single definition may facilitate the study of active ageing and the contribution of older adults to society, socioeconomic and personal development, benefits for older adults and society, self-actualisation and goal attainment.
Social participation is a modifiable health determinant influenced by physical and social aspects of the environment. Little is known about aging women's and men's community activities and barriers ...according to region and population size. This study compared social participation, desire to participate more, and perceived barriers of aging women and men by Canadian region and population size.
A secondary analysis of the 2008-2009 cross-sectional Canadian Community Health Survey - Healthy Aging was done with 16,274 respondents aged 65+. Respondents were grouped into five regions Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario, Prairies and British Columbia and five population size groups rural (< 1000 inhabitants); small urban (1000-29,999); medium urban (30,000-99,999); large urban (100,000-499,999); and metropolitan (≥500,000) areas. Social participation was estimated by monthly frequencies of engagement in community activities. If they desired to participate more, respondents were asked to identify barriers to their participation from a list of 13 reasons.
There were no differences in total social participation between regions but Prairies and Quebec respondents had the highest and lowest frequency, respectively, of activities with family and friends (5.4 and 4.3 activities/month; p = 0.01). Medium urban centers had the highest participation and metropolises, the lowest (17.4 vs 14.3 activities/month; p < 0.01). About one fourth of all respondents wanted to participate more, regardless of region or population size. Overall, women wanted to participate more than men (26.6 vs 20.7%; p < 0.001), especially in Ontario (28.3 vs 21.1%; p < 0.001) and British Columbia (30.1 vs 22.9%; p < 0.001). Men in Quebec were less likely than men in other regions to report "personal responsibilities" as a barrier to participation (p < 0.001). Men were more likely than women to report being "too busy", especially in rural areas (27.1 vs 6.5%; p < 0.001). Rural women were more likely than rural men to be constrained by transportation problems (15.1 vs 1.2%, p < 0.001). Unavailability of activities was more of a constraint in rural areas than metropolises (13.6 vs 6.0%, p < 0.001).
Overall, there were no practical differences between women's and men's social participation. However, unavailability of activities and transportation problems suggest that local initiatives and further research on environmental characteristics are required to foster aging Canadians' participation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To describe and compare changes in participation over a 9-year period in women and men with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). To compare participation restrictions with available reference values from ...a typical aging population living in the community.
Descriptive longitudinal design comparing data from baseline (2002) with data from follow-up (2011).
Neuromuscular clinic and participant's home.
Adults with DM1 participated in the follow-up study (N=115).
Not applicable.
The Assessment of Life Habits measured participation in 10 domains of daily and social activities. The minimal clinically important difference is 0.5 on a 10-point scale for participation accomplishment level.
A total of 62% of participants were women, and the mean age was 52.3±10.3 years. A decline (P<.01) was observed with increasing difficulty and assistance required in global participation (mean ± SD, -0.5±0.9), social activities subscore (-0.6±1.2), nutrition (-0.7±1.4), fitness (-1.0±1.6), personal care (-0.7±1.2), mobility (-0.5±1.9), community life (-0.8±1.9), and recreation (-1.5±3.0). More life areas are disrupted over time: 8 domains were below reference values from a population aged 55-64 years at follow-up compared with 2 domains at baseline. Satisfaction with participation remains high and stable over time.
As disease duration increases, global participation and more daily and social domains were restricted with increasing difficulty and assistance required. Adults with DM1 showed not only age-associated but disease-specific changes in participation. Description over time of participation could improve clinical assessment and guide interdisciplinary management of DM1, leading to higher rehabilitation success. Further investigation of the factors influencing changes in participation is required to support disease management and services planning.
Introduction
To promote active and healthy ageing, it is important to foster social
participation. Although well positioned to do so, few community occupational
therapists intervene to address social ...participation, and no review of
promising and current practices is available. This study synthesised
knowledge on community occupational therapy practices fostering older
adults' social participation.
Method
A scoping review involved searches in eight databases using 49 keywords.
Studies were selected by two reviewers and content-analysed following PRISMA
guidelines.
Results
Of the 32 selected studies, most involved descriptive
(n = 11; 34%), randomised controlled trial
(n = 9; 28%) or quasi-experimental
(n = 7; 22%) designs, and were conducted mainly in the USA
(n = 8; 25%), Canada (n = 6; 19%) and
Sweden (n = 6; 19%). Twenty promising practices combined
multi-component interventions (n = 11; 55%), or involved
group (n = 5; 25%) or individual (n = 4;
20%) sessions. Promising practices improved participation in social
activities (n = 13; 65%), social interactions
(n = 6; 30%), self-rated health
(n = 6; 30%) and quality of life (n = 6;
30%), and reduced health-care costs (n = 4; 20%). Facing
organisational and systemic barriers, current practices rarely incorporated
these possibilities.
Conclusion
Efforts to foster older adults' social participation appear to be
cost-effective but need to be further incorporated into practice. Research
should engage community stakeholders in implementing these
possibilities.
Introduction
Telehealth interventions have the potential to enhance access to care and improve efficiency while reducing the burden on patients. Although telehealth interventions are well accepted ...and adopted in physical therapy, their usage in occupational therapy for older adults is less common, and limited information exists regarding their setting and context.
Objective
To provide an inventory and synthesis of telehealth interventions in occupational therapy for older adults.
Method
For published studies on telehealth‐based occupational therapy interventions in older adults between 2000 and 2022, six databases were reviewed. Data extraction and analysis were guided by the taxonomies developed by Tulu, McColl and Law and informed by the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement.
Findings
Twenty‐three studies on telehealth interventions in occupational therapy for older adults were identified, mostly from North American authors (n = 11; 47.8%) and randomised clinical trials (n = 9; 39.1%). Most participants had a health problem (n = 20; 87.0%), mainly stroke (n = 9; 39.1%). Interventions focussed primarily on symptom management education (n = 12; 52.2%) of community‐dwelling adults with health conditions, using videoconferencing systems or applications (n = 14; 60.7%). Interventions were delivered from the healthcare centre (n = 6; 26.1%) to the person's home (n = 18; 78.3%) synchronously (n = 19; 82.6%). About one third (n = 8; 34.8%) of the studies specified the therapist's location.
Conclusion
Published studies on telehealth interventions in occupational therapy with older adults have mainly focussed on the synchronous training and education of participants using videoconferencing systems or applications. According to these studies, the scope of interventions is limited and could be expanded, for example, through occupational development and environmental modification. To better understand and describe best practices in the use of telehealth in occupational therapy, future studies should provide more details about the interventions performed, the technology used and the environmental settings of the therapist.
Indigenous elders play an important role in transmitting knowledge, values and practices, hence fostering identity-building through intergenerational solidarity. We aimed to verify the association ...between intergenerational solidarity involving Indigenous elders and mental health of Indigenous people living off reserve.
We carried secondary analyses of data for a subsample from the cross-sectional 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (total sample: n = 28,410 Indigenous persons aged ≥6 years old living off reserve; subsample: n = 13,020 aged 18-44 years old). Controlling for age as well as material and social deprivation, we used logistic regressions to verify the association between intergenerational solidarity (proxied as time spent with an elder and potential of turning to an elder or grandparent for support in times of need) and mental health (perceived mental health, mood disorders, anxiety, suicidal thoughts and attempts).
About 39 and 9% of the respondents respectively reported having spent time with an elder and would have turned to an elder or grandparent for support in times of need. Women who would not turn to an elder or grandparent for support in times of need were more likely to report fair or poor perceived mental health (OR = 1.69, p = 0.03). Men not spending time with an elder were more likely to experience mood disorders (OR = 1.66, p = 0.004). Women who would not turn to an elder or grandparent for support in times of need were more likely to experience anxiety disorders (OR = 1.57, p = 0.04). Women not spending time with an elder or who would not turn to an elder or grandparent for support in times of need were respectively more likely to have suicidal thoughts (OR = 1.62, p = 0.04) or to have attempted suicide (OR = 3.38, p = 0.04).
Intergenerational solidarity is associated with better mental health outcomes of Indigenous people living off reserve. These results could guide policies and practices that aim to enhance mental health and wellness in Indigenous populations.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To promote healthy aging, the social participation needs of older adults must be better met. Previous studies have shown the benefits of the Personalized citizen assistance for social participation ...(APIC), but few explored its influence on attendants. This study explored the assistance experience of attendants in providing the APIC to older adults with disabilities.
A qualitative design inspired by a phenomenological approach was used with six female attendants who participated in individual interviews.
The APIC attendants felt useful, developed meaningful relationships with their older adults, and improved their self-knowledge. Attendants had the opportunity to reflect on their lives and self-aging. They contributed to older adults' functional independence, motivation, and participation in social activities. Attendants encountered challenges related to withdrawn behavior in older adults, such as refusing to participate in activities.
Considering the identified benefits of the APIC for attendants, further studies should explore personalized assistance to preserve older adults' health.
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