Measurements of open charm and beauty production cross sections in deep inelastic
ep
scattering at HERA from the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations are combined. Reduced cross sections are obtained in the ...kinematic range of negative four-momentum transfer squared of the photon
2.5
GeV
2
≤
Q
2
≤
2000
GeV
2
and Bjorken scaling variable
3
·
10
-
5
≤
x
Bj
≤
5
·
10
-
2
. The combination method accounts for the correlations of the statistical and systematic uncertainties among the different datasets. Perturbative QCD calculations are compared to the combined data. A next-to-leading order QCD analysis is performed using these data together with the combined inclusive deep inelastic scattering cross sections from HERA. The running charm- and beauty-quark masses are determined as
m
c
(
m
c
)
=
1
.
290
-
0.041
+
0.046
(
exp
/
fit
)
-
0.014
+
0.062
(
model
)
-
0.031
+
0.003
(
parameterisation
)
GeV and
m
b
(
m
b
)
=
4
.
049
-
0.109
+
0.104
(
exp
/
fit
)
-
0.032
+
0.090
(
model
)
-
0.031
+
0.001
(
parameterisation
)
GeV
.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Plasma-enhanced chemical synthesis of molybdenum selenide nanoflake is demonstrated.•Inexpensive precursors in the low-temperature reactive plasma environment were used.•Self-organized growth ...mechanizm of molybdenum selenide nanoflakes is proposed.
The role of reactive environment and hydrogen specifically in growth and structure of molybdenum selenide (MoSe2) nanomaterials is presently debated, and it is not clear whether hydrogen can promote the growth of MoSe2 sheets and alter their electronic properties. To find efficient, convenient methods for controlling the nucleation, growth and resultant properties of MoSe2 nanomaterials, MoSe2 nanoflakes were synthesized on silicon substrates by hot filament chemical vapor deposition using molybdenum trioxide and selenium powders in pure hydrogen, nitrogen gases and hydrogen-nitrogen mixtures. The structures and composition of synthesized MoSe2 nanoflakes were studied using the advanced characterization instruments including field emission scanning electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The analysis of the growth process indicates that hydrogen can improve the formation of MoSe2 nanoflakes and significantly alter their properties due to the high reduction capacity of hydrogen and the creation of more nucleation centers of MoSe2 nanoflakes on the silicon surface. The study of photoluminescent (PL) properties reveals that the MoSe2 nanoflakes can generate a strong PL band at about 631nm, differently from the plain MoSe2 nanoflakes. The major difference in the PL properties may be related to the edges of MoSe2 nanoflakes. These results can be used to control the growth and structure of MoSe2-based nanomaterials and contribute to the development of advanced MoSe2-based optoelectronic devices.
Measuring the effects of genomic sequencing (GS) on patients and families is critical for translational research. We aimed to develop and validate an instrument to assess parents’ perceived utility ...of pediatric diagnostic GS.
Informed by a 5-domain conceptual model, the study comprised 5 steps: (1) item writing, (2) cognitive testing, (3) pilot testing and item reduction, (4) psychometric testing, and (5) evaluation of construct validity. Parents of pediatric patients who had received results of clinically indicated GS participated in structured cognitive interviews and 2 rounds of surveys. After eliminating items based on theory and quantitative performance, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis and calculated Pearson correlations with related instruments.
We derived the 21-item Pediatric Diagnostic version of the GENEtic Utility (GENE-U) scale, which has a 2-factor structure that includes an Informational Utility subscale (16 items, α = 0.91) and an Emotional Utility subscale (5 items, α = 0.71). Scores can be summed to calculate a Total scale score (α = 0.87). The Informational Utility subscale was strongly associated with empowerment and personal utility of GS, and the Emotional Utility subscale was moderately associated with psychosocial impact and depression and anxiety.
The pediatric diagnostic GENE-U scale demonstrated good psychometric performance in this initial evaluation and could be a useful tool for translational genomics researchers, warranting additional validation.
In order to combat resistance, it is necessary to develop antimicrobial agents that act differently from conventional antibiotics. Fluorothiazinone, 300 mg tablet (The Gamaleya National Research ...Center), is an original antibacterial drug based on a new small molecule T3SS and flagellum inhibitor. A total of 357 patients with complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) were divided into two groups and given Fluorothiazinone 1200 mg/day or a placebo for 7 days to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the drug. Additionally, all patients were given Cefepime 2000 mg/day. Fluorothiazinone with Cefepime showed superiority over placebo/Cefepime based on the assessment of the proportion of patients with an overall outcome in the form of a cure after 21 days post-therapy (primary outcome), overall outcome in cure rates, clinical cure rates, and microbiological efficacy at the end of therapy and after 21 days post-therapy (secondary outcomes). In patients who received Fluorothiazinone, the rate of infection recurrences 53 and 83 days after the end of the therapy was lower by 18.9%, compared with patients who received placebo. Fluorothiazinone demonstrated a favorable safety profile with no serious unexpected adverse events reported. The results showed superiority of the therapy with Fluorothiazinone in combination with Cefepime compared with placebo/Cefepime in patients with cUTIs.
A combination is presented of all inclusive deep inelastic cross sections previously published by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations at HERA for neutral and charged current $e^{\pm}p$ scattering for zero ...beam polarisation. The data were taken at proton beam energies of 920, 820, 575 and 460 GeV and an electron beam energy of 27.5 GeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of about 1 fb$^{-1}$ and span six orders of magnitude in negative four-momentum-transfer squared, $Q^2$, and Bjorken $x$. The correlations of the systematic uncertainties were evaluated and taken into account for the combination. The combined cross sections were input to QCD analyses at leading order, next-to-leading order and at next-to-next-to-leading order, providing a new set of parton distribution functions, called HERAPDF2.0. In addition to the experimental uncertainties, model and parameterisation uncertainties were assessed for these parton distribution functions. Variants of HERAPDF2.0 with an alternative gluon parameterisation, HERAPDF2.0AG, and using fixed-flavour-number schemes, HERAPDF2.0FF, are presented. The analysis was extended by including HERA data on charm and jet production, resulting in the variant HERAPDF2.0Jets. The inclusion of jet-production cross sections made a simultaneous determination of these parton distributions and the strong coupling constant possible, resulting in $\alpha_s(M_Z)=0.1183 \pm 0.0009 {\rm(exp)} \pm 0.0005{\rm (model/parameterisation)} \pm 0.0012{\rm (hadronisation)} ^{+0.0037}_{-0.0030}{\rm (scale)}$. An extraction of $xF_3^{\gamma Z}$ and results on electroweak unification and scaling violations are also presented.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Genomic profiling of tumor tissue may identify gene signatures (GS) predictive of tumor response to treatment. We prospectively evaluated a GS linked to clinical benefit following MAGE-A3 ...immunotherapeutic in patients with advanced melanoma. One-year overall survival was similar in patients with and without the GS: the GS was not predictive of outcome after MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic treatment.
Genomic profiling of tumor tissue may aid in identifying predictive or prognostic gene signatures (GS) in some cancers. Retrospective gene expression profiling of melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer led to the characterization of a GS associated with clinical benefit, including improved overall survival (OS), following immunization with the MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic. The goal of the present study was to prospectively evaluate the predictive value of the previously characterized GS.
An open-label prospective phase II trial (‘PREDICT’) in patients with MAGE-A3-positive unresectable stage IIIB-C/IV-M1a melanoma.
Of 123 subjects who received the MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic, 71 (58.7%) displayed the predictive GS (GS+). The 1-year OS rate was 83.1%/83.3% in the GS+/GS- populations. The rate of progression-free survival at 12 months was 5.8%/4.1% in GS+/GS- patients. The median time-to-treatment failure was 2.7/2.4 months (GS+/GS-). There was one complete response (GS-) and two partial responses (GS+). The MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic was similarly immunogenic in both populations and had a clinically acceptable safety profile.
Treatment of patients with MAGE-A3-positive unresectable stage IIIB-C/IV-M1a melanoma with the MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic demonstrated an overall 1-year OS rate of 83.5%. GS- and GS+ patients had similar 1-year OS rates, indicating that in this study, GS was not predictive of outcome. Unexpectedly, the objective response rate was lower in this study than in other studies carried out in the same setting with the MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic. Investigation of a GS to predict clinical benefit to adjuvant MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic treatment is ongoing in another melanoma study.
This study is registered at www.clinicatrials.gov NCT00942162.
The results of a study of magnetoactive elastomers (MAEs) consisting of an elastomer matrix with embedded ferromagnetic particles are presented. A continuous critical bending induced by the magnetic ...field, characterized by a critical exponent for the bending magnitude, and the derivative of which has a singularity in the critical region is reported for the first time. The mechanical stability loss and the symmetry reduction of the magnetic state, which are interrelated with each other, take place at the critical point. The magnetization in the high-symmetric state (below the critical point) is directed along the magnetic field and the torque is absent. Above the critical point, the magnetization and the magnetic field are noncollinear and there arises a torque, which is self-consistent with the bending. The magnetic field dependence of the MAE bending was found to have a hysteresis, which is associated with the magneto-rheological effect. The shape memory effect was also obtained for the MAE bending in a cycle consisting of magnetization, cooling (at H ≠ 0), and heating (at H = 0). The influence of the critical glass transition temperature of the matrix, as well as its melting/solidification temperature, on the magnetic shape memory effect was studied.
In many bending elements, the defining calculation for ensuring the normal operation of the structure is the calculation of deflections, it is this characteristic of the structure, in particular the ...beams, that determines the section dimensions of the element, to ensure the necessary rigidity of structures. In view of this, the use of many polymer concrete as a material for the manufacture of bending structures becomes impossible due to the high deformation-as a consequence of the low elastic modulus. Our proposed polymer concrete based on liquid rubber (rubcon) has high compressive and tensile strengths, while the elastic modulus corresponds to ordinary cement concrete class B25. The introduction of fiber filaments into the material structure slightly increases these characteristics, and the rubber concrete obtained in this way with fiber reinforcement is called fiber rubcon. In order to ensure the possibility of calculating by way of determining the deflections of rubcon structures with cracks, we apply the principle of strain averaging of V.I. Murashov, while the uneven distribution of strains in the rubcon was taken into account by the coefficient ψk, the polymer concrete work between cracks is taken into account by the coefficient ψs, which are determined similarly to V.I. Murashov, A.S. Zalesov methods.
Driven by the innate tendency of the system to attain a local energy minimum, self-organization enables the creation of complex systems out of relatively simple parts and elements. The ability to ...form hierarchical, multicomponent systems that may be difficult, or even impossible, to fabricate using pre-set, template-enabled processes makes self-organisation very attractive for the synthesis and assembly of advanced material systems across multiple length scales. Yet, driving and controlling such self-organisation processes is not a trivial task as they often arise from a complex interplay of physical and chemical processes. These in turn depend on the environment in which self-organisation takes place. In this topical review, we focus on one such environment and outline unique opportunities, salient characteristics and challenges presented by self-organization on surfaces exposed to partially ionised gases, i.e. plasmas. Using a select number of recent examples, we aim to show how salient features of plasma environments, particularly high fluxes of energy and matter from the plasma to the surface, enable functionalization and growth of complex nanostructures and metamaterials via self-organization on plasma-exposed surfaces. We will show how by controlling different physical and chemical parameters of the plasma environment and how it interacts with surfaces, it is possible to control self-organization processes at multiple length scales, making it a promising enabling platform for nanosynthesis. We will discuss examples starting from the self-driven growth of perfect crystalline lattices, such as nano-diamonds and graphenes at the nanoscale, all the way to template- and pattern-free synthesis of large, highly ordered arrays of nanostructures at millimetre and even centimetre scales. We will outline the key enabling features of plasmas that drive these processes at respective scales, focusing predominantly on plasma-induced electric fields at the surface or in the plasma-nanostructure sheath, as well as charge-related effects. The outlook section summarizes advantages of plasma-driven self-organization, and outlines principal challenges and opportunities for the development of this field.
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