A
bstract
Collective behaviour of final-state hadrons, and multiparton interactions are studied in high-multiplicity
ep
scattering at a centre-of-mass energy
s
= 318 GeV with the ZEUS detector at ...HERA. Two- and four-particle azimuthal correlations, as well as multiplicity, transverse momentum, and pseudorapidity distributions for charged-particle multiplicities
N
ch
≥ 20 are measured. The dependence of two-particle correlations on the virtuality of the exchanged photon shows a clear transition from photoproduction to neutral current deep inelastic scattering. For the multiplicities studied, neither the measurements in photoproduction processes nor those in neutral current deep inelastic scattering indicate significant collective behaviour of the kind observed in high-multiplicity hadronic collisions at RHIC and the LHC. Comparisons of PYTHIA predictions with the measurements in photoproduction strongly indicate the presence of multiparton interactions from hadronic fluctuations of the exchanged photon.
We have attempted to simplify the procedure for coupling various ligands to distal ends of liposome-grafted polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains and to make it applicable for single-step binding of a ...large variety of a primary amino group-containing substances, including proteins and small molecules. With this in mind, we have introduced a new amphiphilic PEG derivative,
p-nitrophenylcarbonyl-PEG-1,2-dioleoyl-
sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (pNP-PEG-DOPE), synthesized by reaction of DOPE with excess of bis(
p-nitrophenylcarbonyl)-PEG in a chloroform/triethylamine mixture. pNP-PEG-DOPE readily incorporates into liposomes via its PE residue, and easily binds primary amino group-containing ligands via its water-exposed pNP groups, forming stable and non-toxic urethane (carbamate) bonds. The reaction between the pNP group and the ligand amino group proceeds easily and quantitatively at pH around 8.0, and remaining free pNP groups are promptly eliminated by spontaneous hydrolysis. Therefore, pNP-PEG-DOPE could serve as a very convenient tool for protein attachment to the distal ends of liposome-grafted PEG chains. To investigate the applicability of the suggested protocol for the preparation of long-circulating targeted liposomes, we have coupled several proteins, such as concanavalin A (ConA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), avidin, monoclonal antimyosin antibody 2G4 (mon2G4), and monoclonal antinucleosome antibody 2C5 (mon2C5) to PEG-liposomes via terminal pNP groups and studied whether the specific activity of these immobilized proteins is preserved. The method permits the binding of several dozens protein molecules per single 200 nm liposome. All bound proteins completely preserve their specific activity. Lectin-liposomes are agglutinated by the appropriate polyvalent substrates (mannan for ConA-liposomes and glycophorin for WGA-liposomes); avidin-liposomes specifically bind with biotin-agarose; antibody-liposomes demonstrate high specific binding to the substrate monolayer both in the direct binding assay and in ELISA. A comparison of the suggested method with the method of direct membrane incorporation was made. The effect of the concentration of liposome-grafted PEG on the preservation of specific protein activity in different coupling protocols was also investigated. It was also shown that pNP-PEG-DOPE-liposomes with and without attached ligands demonstrate increased stability in mouse serum.
Three dimensional vertically-oriented carbon nanoflakes grown on carbon and gold nanoparticles by the hot filament chemical vapor deposition in CH4 environment demonstrate quite similar structure and ...composition, but drastically different room temperature photoluminescent properties. The interfacial interactions were asserted to be the main reason for the differences in the optical emission. The mechanisms of highly oriented growth, generation and enhancement of photoluminescence were investigated, and it was demonstrated that the formation of oriented nanoflakes resulted from the stress produced in the carbon layers on carbon and gold nanoparticles. Specifically, deformation of nanoparticles and difference in the expansion rates of carbon layer, gold and carbon nanoparticles are the main causes for the stress formation. The oriented growth of carbon nanoflakes is maintained by the repulsion effect between the carbon nanoflakes due to the net charge produced from the hydrocarbon radicals on the edges of carbon nanoflakes via charge transfer between H and C atoms. The photoluminescence generation of carbon nanoflakes is related to the sp2 carbon clusters on the edges of carbon nanoflakes. Stronger green photoluminescent emission from the carbon nanoflake/gold nanoparticle system than from the carbon nanoflake/carbon nanoparticle system is the result of the intense plasmon emission from gold nanoparticles.
Display omitted
The effect of anomalous bending in a system of magnetically soft ferromagnetic stripes located on a highly elastic plate of elastomer has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. It was ...found that the magnetic-field dependences for the bending of plates with ferromagnetic stripes have a critical character with a reproduced hysteresis emerging in the repeated cycles of the magnetic field increasing and decreasing. It was found that the magnetically induced bending has a large magnitude, so that the magnetic moments of the stripes at the bending can be directed almost perpendicularly to the magnetic field. In a strong magnetic field, the effect of stripe orientation is observed, which occurs due to the orienting action of Zeeman interaction. It was shown that the hysteresis phenomenon observed at the bending of a plate with stripes is associated with a strong nonlinearity of magnetostatic interaction between the stripes at their magnetization. The hysteresis recurrence is caused by elastic forces arising at the elastomer bending and competing with magnetostatic dipole-dipole interactions between the stripes. The critical points of transitions between the 'discrete lattice' state of stripes and the state of laterally touching stripes were determined. A model of the phenomenon concerned was proposed which is in good agreement with experimental data.
Understanding predictors of long-term benefit with currently available melanoma therapies is the key for optimising individualised treatments. A prior pooled analysis of dabrafenib plus trametinib ...(D + T)–randomised trials (median follow-up, 20.0 months) identified baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and number of organ sites with metastasis as predictive factors for progression-free (PFS) and overall (OS) survival. However, longer-term follow-up analyses are needed to confirm which patients treated with D + T can achieve maximum benefit.
Three-year landmark data were retrospectively pooled for D + T patients in phase 3 trials (COMBI-d NCT01584648; COMBI-v NCT01597908). Univariate and multivariate analyses assessed prognostic values of predefined baseline factors; regression tree analysis determined hierarchy and interactions between variables.
Long-term pooled outcomes were consistent with individual trial results (N = 563; 3-year PFS, 23%; 3-year OS, 44%). Baseline LDH level and number of organ sites remained strongly associated with and/or predictive of PFS and OS. In addition, baseline sum of lesion diameters (SLD) was identified as a predictor for progression. In the most favourable prognostic group (normal LDH, SLD <66 mm, <3 organ sites; n = 183/563 33%), 3-year PFS was 42%. Baseline number of organ sites was also predictive of outcomes in patients with PFS ≥ 6 months.
Using the largest phase 3 data set available for BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination therapy in melanoma, these results demonstrate that durable responses lasting ≥3 years are possible in subsets of patients with BRAF-mutant melanoma receiving D + T. Although the best predictive model evolved with longer follow-up, factors predicting clinical outcomes with the combination remained consistent with previous analyses.
•Efficacy data remained consistent across phase 3 dabrafenib plus trametinib trials.•Baseline lactate dehydrogenase level and number of organ sites with metastasis remained predictive of progression-free survival and overall survival.•Baseline sum of lesion diameters was also identified as a predictor for progression-free survival with extended follow-up.•Durable responses with targeted therapy are possible in BRAF-mutant melanoma.
C and O doped BN nanoflakes and hybrid nanoflake-nanowire structures were synthesized in N2+H2 environment using plasma-enhanced hot filament chemical vapour deposition with solid B4C as boron and ...carbon precursor. Structure and chemical composition of the C and O doped BN nanoflakes and hybrid nanoflake-nanowire hybrid structures were systemically studied using advanced characterization instruments including high resolution transmission electron microscope, micro-Raman spectroscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, X-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope. The obtained results evidence that the C and O doped BN nanowires nucleate and grow directly on the tops of C and O doped BN nanoflakes due to the presence of dangling bonds on the surfaces of tips of C and O doped BN nanoflakes, which were formed by the ion bombardment in plasma. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of C and O doped BN nanoflakes and C and O doped BN nanoflake-nanowire hybrid structures were studied at room temperature using a micro-Raman system with the 325 nm line of He-Cd laser as the excitation source. The results of PL measurements indicate that the PL properties of C and O doped BN nanoflake-nanowire hybrid structures significantly change with the length of C and O doped BN nanostructures due to the interface zones caused by the nanowire length. Thus, the PL properties can be efficiently tuned by the length of nanowires. These achievements can contribute to the synthesis of novel BN-based hybrid nanostructures and the development of the next generation BN-based optoelectronic nanodevices.
TEM image of BNCO NF/NW hybrid structure. Display omitted
•Fabrication of BNCO nanoflake/nanowire hybrid structures by PEHFCVD.•Tuning of PL properties of BNCO nanoflakes by BNCO nanowires.•Effects of strain zones in BNCO nanoflake/nanowire interfaces on PL properties.
Dynamic speckle imaging with SVD compression Stoykova, E.; Levchenko, M.; Ivanov, B. ...
Journal of physics. Conference series,
12/2022, Letnik:
2407, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
Dynamic speckle imaging (DSI) of areas with different speed of processes ongoing in industrial or biological objects relies on statistical processing of a large number of images of the ...speckle patterns formed on the objects surface under laser illumination. The DSI visualizes the speed spatial distribution as an activity map. We propose compression of the raw DSI data by applying singular value decomposition (SVD). A specific feature of speckle images for DSI is lack of a structure with areas of close intensity values. The gain from the direct SVD application may be modest in cases when a great number of non-zero singular values is needed to build an activity map comparable in quality to the ground truth map from bitmap images. For higher compression, we propose SVD to be applied to the 2D arrays containing the differences between the successive images. The SVD compression has been verified by using synthetic and experimental data.
An experimental technique has been developed aimed at determining a dependence of the distribution of Rhodamine G concentration in a water solution flow in a glass channel. It has been demonstrated ...that in the water flow moving in the glass channel, a stationary pattern of the distribution of solution concentration in water along the channel is established. The dye concentration is distributed uniformly over the channel due to molecular diffusion.
The HERAPDF2.0 ensemble of parton distribution functions (PDFs) was introduced in 2015. The final stage is presented, a next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) analysis of the HERA data on inclusive ...deep inelastic
ep
scattering together with jet data as published by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations. A perturbative QCD fit, simultaneously of
α
s
(
M
Z
2
)
and the PDFs, was performed with the result
α
s
(
M
Z
2
)
=
0.1156
±
0.0011
(
exp
)
-
0.0002
+
0.0001
(
model
+
parameterisation
)
±
0.0029
(
scale
)
. The PDF sets of HERAPDF2.0Jets NNLO were determined with separate fits using two fixed values of
α
s
(
M
Z
2
)
,
α
s
(
M
Z
2
)
=
0.1155
and 0.118, since the latter value was already chosen for the published HERAPDF2.0 NNLO analysis based on HERA inclusive DIS data only. The different sets of PDFs are presented, evaluated and compared. The consistency of the PDFs determined with and without the jet data demonstrates the consistency of HERA inclusive and jet-production cross-section data. The inclusion of the jet data reduced the uncertainty on the gluon PDF. Predictions based on the PDFs of HERAPDF2.0Jets NNLO give an excellent description of the jet-production data used as input.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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