Introduction
Studies of the pathophysiology of mental disorders indicate the involvement of neurobiological processes, including the release of neurospecific proteins in biological substances.
...Objectives
The purpose of this study was to research the level of neuron-specific enolase in patients with alcohol use disorder and mood disorders during the therapy.
Methods
The studied groups included patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD, F10.2, ICD-10; n=41), patients with mood disorders (MD, F32, F33, ICD-10; n=39), patients with co-morbidity of AUD and MD (n=31) and 20 healthy controls. Severity of depressive symptoms was assessed with HDRS-17 and CGI-S scales. The concentration of NSE were measured in serum by enzyme immunoassay. Рarticipants of the study were examined with clinical scales and laboratory analysis at baseline and on the 28th day of treatment. For statistical analysis we used the SPSS software.
Results
The results of the study showed that all patients are characterized by an increased level of NSE (p>0.005 compared with control). Patients with AUD characterized by changes in the concentration of NSE during therapy (p>0.005 compared with patients after therapy). In patients with MD revealed correlation between the level of NSE on the 28th day of antidepressive therapy and the HDRS-17 score before treatment (r=0,421; p=0,018). In patients with co-morbidity correlation between the level of NSE and the CGI-S score before therapy was found (r=-0,537; p=0,001).
Conclusions
The revealed correlations indicate the relationship between the severity of depressive symptoms and the level of NSE. Disclosure statement: This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 19-15-00023.
Conflict of interest
Disclosure statement: This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 19-15-00023.
Objectives
. To assess electroencephalogram coherence parameters and the levels of peripheral markers of nerve tissue damage in patients with depressive disorders.
Materials and methods
. The study ...included 30 patients with diagnoses from the mood disorders cluster: affective disorder as a single depressive episode and recurrent depressive disorder. The control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects of comparable sex and age composition. Brain bioelectrical activity was recorded and analyzed with calculation of mean intra- and interhemisphere coherence coefficients. Serum calcium-binding protein S100b, myelin basic protein (MBP), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
. Patients with depressive disorders showed statistically significantly lower coefficients of interhemisphere coherence in the α (
p
= 0.003), β (
p
= 0.042), and θ (
p
= 0.041) rhythms and intrahemisphere coherence of the α rhythm in the left (
p
= 0.016) and right (
p
= 0.026) hemispheres and β rhythm in the right hemisphere (
p
= 0.034), as compared with the healthy group. Higher MBP concentrations were found in the depressive disorders group than the control group (
p
= 0.008). Statistically significant correlations were identified between EEG coherence coefficients and serum markers in patients with depressive disorders.
Conclusions
. These data clearly confirm the presence of inflammatory changes in the brain in patients with depression, which is reflected in structural and functional changes.
Objectives
. To evaluate clinical features and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in groups of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) with different genotypes of the rs6265 ...polymorphic variant of the
BDNF
gene.
Materials and methods
. Serum BDNF levels were assessed in 134 patients with PD as part of a multiplex panel of biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases (HNDG3MAG-36K). Alleles for analysis of the rs6265 polymorphic variant of the
BDNF
gene were discriminated in groups of patients and controls (
n
= 192), matched in terms of sex, age, and ethnic composition, by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes.
Results
. Comparison of the distributions of rs6265 genotypes and alleles between the patient and control groups revealed no significant differences. Serum BDNF levels varied significantly by genotype (rs6265) in PD patients. For individuals with the AA genotype, a minimum mean serum BDNF level was noted (320.1 ± 164.6 pg/ml), which was significantly different from the corresponding value for individuals with the GA (2944.2 ± 1590.6 pg/ml;
p
= 0.0001) and GG (2949.4 ± 1620.6 pg/ml;
p
= 3.9·10–5) genotypes. The BDNF concentration was found to differ significantly between patients with different forms of PD (
p
= 0.0007) and increased as the Hoehn and Yahr stage of disease progressed (
p
= 1.0·10–6).
Conclusions
. These studies found no association between the rs6265 polymorphic variant of the BDNF gene and the development of PD in the study population. Variability in the mean serum BDNF level depending on the genotype of the BDNF gene polymorphism studied here was established in patients with PD with a number of clinical features.
To evaluate the clinical features and the level of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in groups of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) differentiated by the genotypes of
polymorphism ...(rs6265).
The level of serum BDNF in the biomarkers' multiplex panel of neurodegenerative diseases (HNDG3MAG-36K) was assessed in 134 PD patients. Allele discrimination was carried out by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes for the analysis of
rs6265 polymorphism in groups of patients and controls (
=192) matched for sex, age and ethnicity.
Comparing the distribution of rs6265 genotypes and alleles between groups of patients and controls no significant differences were found (
>0.05). Serum BDNF levels varied significantly by genotype (rs6265) among PD patients. Minimum mean serum BDNF level (320.1±164.6 pg/ml) was noted for individuals with the
genotype, which significantly differs from the corresponding indicator among individuals with
(2944.2±1590.6 pg/ml;
=0.0001) and
genotypes (2949.4±1620.6 pg/ml;
=3.9×10
). The concentration of BDNF significantly differed between patients with different forms of PD (
=0.0007) and increased as the stage of the disease progressed according to Hoehn and Yahr staging scale (
=1.0×10
).
The
rs6265 polymorphism was not associated with the development of PD in the studied population. The variability of the mean serum BDNF level was established depending on the genotype of the
polymorphism in PD patients and a number of clinical features.
—
The foraminifers from the Lower Carnian (Upper Triassic) deposits on the Laptev Sea coast (the north of Central Siberia) were studied. Three new species of the spiral nodosariids (
Dainitella ...insueta
sp. nov.,
Marginulinopsis incompta
sp. nov., and
Astacolus dolganensis
sp. nov.), widespread in the Osipa Formation and the lower parts of the Nemtsova and Chaidakh formations on the Laptev Sea coast, are described.
Objective.
To monitor peripheral blood levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and analyze mutual clinical-laboratory correlations in patients with ...ischemic stroke at the stages of medical rehabilitation in the early recovery period.
Materials and methods.
A total of 49 patients with ischemic stroke in the basin of the middle cerebral artery were investigated. The observation period was 90 days. Time points were day 1, day 14, day 45, and day 90. Assessments were on the following scales: the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), and the modified Rankin scale (mRS). NSE was assayed in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and BDNF on a multiplex analyzer.
Results.
NSE
Day1
was significantly higher in patients than in the reference group (
p
Day1–controls
< 0.001) with a tendency to a peak reduction on day 90 after stroke (
p
Day1–90
< 0.001). BDNF
Day1
was lower than that in the reference group (
p
Day1–controls
= 0.006), increased significantly by day 14 after stroke (
p
Day1–14
< 0.001;
p
Day14–controls
= 0.637). A negative correlational relationship was found between the reduction in NSE
Day14
and an increase in BDNF
Day14
(
r
= –0.349,
p
= 0.050). A positive correlation relationship was found between the increase in BDNF
Day14
and the decrease in the mRS
Day14
score (
r
= 0.499,
p
= 0.035). Outcomes in patients of group 1 (after rehabilitation stages I and II) on assessment scales were significantly better than those in patients discharged to out-patient follow-up after stage I, i.e., group 2 (
p
< 0.05). In group 1, BDNF
Day90
was no different from BDNF
Day14
(
p
Day14–90–Gr.1
= 0.170), while in group 2 it was significantly lower at the end of the early recovery period (
p
Day14–90–Gr.2
= 0.002).
—Studies on the pathophysiology of mental disorders indicate the involvement of neurobiological processes, including the neuroinflammatory response, neurogenesis, and neuronal degeneration, in the ...mechanisms of development of these disorders. We examined 135 patients with addictive and affective disorders (51 patients with alcohol dependence syndrome, 41 patients with a current depressive episode and 43 patients with comorbidity of alcohol dependence syndrome and affective disorder) and 46 mentally healthy donors. The content of neurospecific proteins (NSE, MBP, and GFAP) in the blood serum of patients and healthy people was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The study of peripheral markers of nerve tissue damage showed that all patients are characterized by signs of neuronal and glial distress. The results of analysis of variance and ROC analysis indicate the contribution of NSE and MBP to the development of affective disorders, while GFAP has a greater predictive efficiency in the case of addictive pathology. The tendency towards imbalance in the secretion of neurospecific proteins in the blood serum of patients with comorbidity of alcohol dependence and affective disorders is enhanced, which probably indicates a greater defect in neurobiological processes and neurodegeneration, and is also confirmed by data showing more severe clinical symptoms of patients in these cases of comorbidity.
Introduction
. Wound complications after the placing of various implants of the abdominal wall after hernia repair account for up to 15 % of all hospitalizations with purulent diseases. Their ...treatment is often accompanied by a high frequency of explantation of a mesh endoprosthesis with a risk of recurrent hernias in this category of patients.
The
objective
of the study was to improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with infected implants of the abdominal wall after herniaplasty based on the assessment of the effectiveness of the negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT).
Methods and materials
. A retrospective analysis of the treatment results of patients with infected mesh endoprostheses of the anterior abdominal wall (n=68) was carried out. We formed for comparison two homogeneous representative groups of patients, who underwent adequate debridement of a purulent wound with empirical antibiotic therapy. Patients from the study group (n=38) received local therapy using NPWT, patients from the control group (n=30) received traditional local therapy. The evaluation of the treatment results was carried out according to a number of criteria: the course of the systemic inflammatory reaction, the dynamics of reparative processes in the wound of the anterior abdominal wall, evaluation of the clinical outcomes of treatment of patients.
Results
. The use of vacuum therapy was accompanied by a positive effect on the course of the systemic inflammatory reaction, stimulation of reparative processes in the wound due to the rapid elimination of bacterial agents from the wound cavity (p= 0.003), as well as significant retraction of the wound cavity (p=0.004) compared to traditional methods of wound treatment. Patients from the study group had more favorable treatment outcomes such as a reduction in the duration of hospitalization (p=0.005) and the number of surgical interventions (p=0.003). Due to the NPWT, it was possible to save implants in 30 patients out of 38 (78.9%) with infected mesh endoprostheses of the anterior abdominal wall, which prevented the formation of recurrent hernias and helped to avoid reoperations in this category of patients.
Conclusion
. The use NPWT is a safe and effective method for treating wounds of the anterior abdominal wall with infected mesh endoprostheses after hernioplasty.
Background. The most common complication in breast reconstructive surgery using silicone implants after radical treatment for neoplasms is long-lasting lymphorrhea after the resection stage, which ...threatens the development of postoperative complications. The improvement of the surgical technique of reconstructive and reconstructive operations on the mammary gland does not allow to exclude tissue injury with the formation of a cavity, into which foreign materials (mesh endoprosthesis, silicone implant) are subsequently installed, which are one of the main factors in the formation of seroma. Optimization of pharmacotherapy support in the early postoperative period allows to minimize the manifestations of lymphorrhea and serogenesis, to improve the quality of life of patients.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the treatment of 75 patients who underwent reconstructive breast surgery in the combined and complex treatment of breast cancer was carried out. The patients were divided into two representative groups depending on the intake of hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine, a pyrimidine-type drug. At the same time, in one of the groups, hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine was prescribed in accordance with the instructions for the use of this drug in order to optimize the wound process and prevent purulent-inflammatory disorders in the early postoperative period.
Results. In group 1 patients taking hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine, there was a decrease in the duration of lymphorrhea by 2 times from 5.4 days (group 2) to 2.6 days after surgery. In addition, no cases of paraprosthetic seroma formation were recorded in group 1, while puncture management of paraprosthetic lymphocele was performed in 16 patients of group 2.
Conclusion. The inclusion of hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidine in the pharmacotherapy of maintenance in the early postoperative period in the study group of patients made it possible to significantly reduce the duration and volume of lymphorrhea, remove trapping drains from the paraprosthetic space earlier, prevent the formation of paraprosthetic seroma and the development of other, more formidable complications (suppuration, capsular contracture, silicone implant extrusion).
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