In this study, Pre-diagnosis of degraded aluminum indium gallium phosphide (AlInGaP) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that were soaked in liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ) was performed. To visualize the early ...deterioration of LED emission, a combination of material, electrical, optical, and computer-aided machine-vision analysis of LED failure spots on the surface was examined. Results indicate that several small failure spots, which can be identified by the MATLAB processed emission images and surface roughness variation, can be found. Furthermore, LN 2 soaking induced some local damages inside the device that penetrate the multiple-quantum well. The decrease of current and luminescence intensity also reflects the gradual degradation of the device after being soaked in LN 2 . This integrated analysis and Pre-diagnosis of the degraded device provided early screening of LED failure spots and real-time inspection during operations.
Abstract
The zero echo time (ZTE) technique has improved the detection of lung nodules in PET/MRI but respiratory motion remains a challenge in lung scan. We investigated the feasibility and ...performance of fractionated deep-inspiration breath-hold (FDIBH) three-dimensional (3D) ZTE FDG PET/MRI for assessing lung nodules in patients with proved malignancy. Sixty patients who had undergone ZTE FDG PET/MRI and chest CT within a three-day interval were retrospectively included. Lung nodules less than 2 mm were excluded for analysis. Two physicians checked the adequacy of FDIBH ZTE and compared the lung nodule detection rates of FDIBH 3D ZTE and free-breathing (FB) four-dimensional (4D) ZTE, with chest CT as the reference standard. FDIBH resolved the effect of respiratory motion in 49 patients. The mean number and size of the pulmonary nodules identified in CT were 15 ± 31.3 per patient and 5.9 ± 4.6 mm in diameter. The overall nodule detection rate was 71% for FDIBH 3D ZTE and 70% for FB 4D ZTE (
p
= 0.73). FDIBH 3D ZTE significantly outperformed FB 4DZTE in detecting lung base nodules (72% and 68%;
p
= 0.03), especially for detecting those less than 6 mm (61% and 55%;
p
= 0.03). High inter-rater reliability for FDIBH 3D ZTE and FB 4D ZTE (k = 0.9 and 0.92) was noted. In conclusion, the capability of FDIBH 3D ZTE in respiratory motion resolution was limited with a technical failure rate of 18%. However, it could provide full expansion of the lung in a shorter scan time which enabled better detection of nodules (< 6 mm) in basal lungs, compared to FB 4D ZTE.
Bipolar disorder is characterized by internally affective fluctuations. The abnormality of inherently mental state can be assessed using resting-state fMRI data without producing task-induced biases. ...In this study, we hypothesized that the resting-state connectivity related to the frontal, striatal, and thalamic regions, which were associated with mood regulations and cognitive functions, can be altered for bipolar disorder. We used the Pearson's correlation coefficients to estimate functional connectivity followed by the hierarchical modular analysis to categorize the resting-state functional regions of interest (ROIs). The selected functional connectivities associated with the striatal-thalamic circuit and default mode network (DMN) were compared between bipolar patients and healthy controls. Significantly decreased connectivity in the striatal-thalamic circuit and between the striatal regions and the middle and posterior cingulate cortex was observed in the bipolar patients. We also observed that the bipolar patients exhibited significantly increased connectivity between the thalamic regions and the parahippocampus. No significant changes of connectivity related to the frontal regions in the DMN were observed. The changed resting-state connectivity related to the striatal-thalamic circuit might be an inherent basis for the altered emotional and cognitive processing in the bipolar patients.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A plasma-based undoped-HfO 2 FeFET (ferroelectric FET) with non-volatile memory characteristics is demonstrated. Modifying the O 2 plasma period in plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) is ...an effective approach to enhance the remnant polarization (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{P}_{\text {r}} </tex-math></inline-formula>) up to 2P<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">_{\text {r}} = 25\,\,\mu \text{C} </tex-math></inline-formula>/cm 2 for the MFM (metal/ferroelectric/metal) structure with ferroelectric undoped-HfO 2 thin films, and successful integration is implemented for the FeFET. The appropriate O 2 vacancies (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{V}_{\text {o}}^{{2}+} </tex-math></inline-formula>) benefit the formation of the ferroelectric phase since they play the role of dopants and help orthorhombic phase (o-phase) formation during post-metal annealing (PMA). The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{V}_{\text {o}}^{{2}+} </tex-math></inline-formula>-rich undoped-HfO 2 FeFET exhibits a memory window (MW) of 0.5 V, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{5} \times {10}^{{4}} </tex-math></inline-formula> switching endurance cycles, and higher than <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">10^{{4}} </tex-math></inline-formula> sec of data retention with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{V}_{\text {P/E}} = \pm 5 </tex-math></inline-formula> V.
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) is an E3 ligase participated in the cellular defense response against oxidative stress through nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). However, ...the role of Keap1 in regulating cancer motility is still controversial. We investigated the contribution of the Keap1-Nrf2 axis in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
The expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 was examined via immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis in a cohort of NSCLC tissues and cells. A series of in vivo and in vitro assays was performed to elucidate the contribution of the Keap1-Nrf2 axis in lung cancer mobility and progression.
Keap1 expression was decreased in specimens from NSCLC patients with lymph node metastasis compared with patients without metastasis. Higher Keap1 expression levels were correlated with the survival of NSCLC patients. Moreover, manipulation of Keap1 expression affected cell migration/invasion abilities. Depletion of Nrf2 relieved the migration promotion imposed by Keap1 suppression. Mechanistic investigations found that S100P was downregulated in both Keap1-overexpressing and Nrf2-knockdown NSCLC cells. Overexpression of Keap1 and knockdown of Nrf2 both suppressed S100P expression in NSCLC cells. Knockdown of S100P inhibited cell migration in highly invasive NSCLC cells and also relieved the migration promotion imposed by Keap1 suppression in weakly invasive NSCLC cells.
Our findings suggest that Keap1 functions as a suppressor of tumor metastasis by targeting the Nrf2/S100P pathway in NSCLC cells. In addition, overexpression of Keap1 may be a novel NSCLC treatment strategy and/or useful biomarker for predicting NSCLC progression.
Tissue angiogenesis is intimately regulated during embryogenesis and postnatal development. Defected angiogenesis contributes to aberrant development and is the main complication associated with ...ischemia-related diseases. We previously identified the increased expression of RUNX1T1 in umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) by gene expression microarray. However, the biological relevance of RUNX1T1 in endothelial lineage is not defined clearly. Here, we demonstrate RUNX1T1 regulates the survival, motility and tube forming capability of ECFCs and EA.hy926 endothelial cells by loss-and gain-of function assays, respectively. Second, embryonic vasculatures and quantity of bone marrow-derived angiogenic progenitors are found to be reduced in the established Runx1t1 heterozygous knockout mice. Finally, a central RUNX1T1-regulated signature is uncovered and VEGFA, BMP4 as well as TGF-β2 are demonstrated to mediate RUNX1T1-orchested angiogenic activities. Taken together, our results reveal that RUNX1T1 serves as a common angiogenic driver for vaculogenesis and functionality of endothelial lineage cells. Therefore, the discovery and application of pharmaceutical activators for RUNX1T1 will improve therapeutic efficacy toward ischemia by promoting neovascularization.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Photorhabdus luminescens
is an entomopathogenic rod-shaped bacterium infected with insect nematodes of the Heterorhabditidae family. It kills insects through the secretion of high molecular weight ...toxin complexes. In this study,
Plutella xylostella
larvae were orally administered
P. luminescens
for bioassay. After incubation in Luria-Bertani (LB) medium for a sufficiently long period, the mortality rates of
P. xylostella
observed after diluting the fermentation broth 50 times and diluting the supernatant 5 times were 18.89% and 91.11%, respectively. Retentates measuring more than 70 kDa showed 88% mortality after ultrafiltration (UF) membrane treatment. Thus, the supernatant of
P. luminescens
had insecticidal activity, and the main insecticidal toxin complexes had a molecular weight exceeding 70 kDa. The L
9
(3
4
) Taguchi orthogonal experimental optimized medium mode-predicted insecticidal activity levels were 84% and 119% in the 50-fold diluted fermentation broth and 5-fold diluted supernatant, respectively. Moreover, the insecticidal activity was improved to 92.2% in the 100-fold diluted fermentation broth and to 97.8% in the 10-fold diluted supernatant in the experiments. All combinations tested showed clear indications of lethality, including swelling, vesicle formation, cytoplasm vacuolization, and brush border membrane lysis. Thus, these results promote the use of
P. luminescens
0805-P2R as a potent biopesticide to effectively control
P. xylostella.
ZnO/ZnS/bisindolo quinoxaline-tips (BIQ-TIPs) inorganic/organic nanostructures were fabricated for the application of light/gas dual sensors. Synergic effects of ZnS shell and organic BIQ-TIPs on the ...ZnO nanorods (NRs) could enhance the photosensing capability owing to efficient charge transfer from BIQ-TIPs to ZnO NRs. Furthermore, a ZnS shell covering on the ZnO NR could further extend the photosensing spectrum of ZnO/BIQ-TIPs hybrid structures up to red light. In addition, light-enhanced hydrogen gas sensing capability was boosted with the suppositional incorporation of ZnS shell and BIQ-TIPs organic materials. Material characterizations reveal the suppression of water vapor could enhance the dual light/gas properties. ZnO/ZnS/BIQ-TIPs nanocomposites are promising for future broad-band photosensing and light/gas dual sensing application.
Taiwan’s electronics industry usually outsources most of its important components for production to enhance market competitiveness and operational flexibility. The quality of all component products ...is important to ensure the quality of the final product. In electronic assembly, printed circuit boards (PCBs) are key components that carry other electronic components to provide a stable circuit working environment. Surface Mounted Technology (SMT) is the mainstream technology in electronic assembly plants. Obviously, good SMT process quality is relatively important to the final product quality. The process capability index (PCI) is the most widely used process quality evaluation tool in the industry. Therefore, this paper used the PCI representing quality as the green outsourcer selection tool for the SMT process, derived the confidence interval of PCI to develop a quality evaluation model of green outsourcers, and considered the model as the green outsourcer selection model. Meanwhile, this model can be provided to enterprises, outsourcers, or suppliers to evaluate and improve the process quality of components to ensure the quality of components and final products. Since the selection model is based on confidence intervals, it can reduce the risk of misjudgment due to sampling error.
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