Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) has been confirmed to inhibit ferroptosis in cancer cells, however, whether GPX4 serves as an oncogene is not clear. In this study, the expression of GPX4 and its ...influence to survival of patients with cancer were analyzed via public databases. Furthermore, the epigenetic regulation of GPX4 and the relation between GPX4 and chemoresistance of different anticancer drugs was also detected. Most importantly, cytological assays were performed to investigate the function of GPX4 in cancer cells. The results showed that GPX4 was higher expressed in cancer tissues than normal and was negatively associated with prognosis of patients. Furthermore, at upstream of GPX4 there was low DNA methylation sites and enhanced level of H3K4me3 and H3K27ac, indicating that high level of GPX4 in cancer may resulted from epigenetic regulation. Moreover, GPX4 was positively related to chemoresistance of anticancer drugs L‐685458, lapatinib, palbociclib, and topotecan. In addition, GPX4 may potentially be involved in translation of protein, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly, electron transport oxidative phosphorylation, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and metabolic pathways. Finally, we detected that GPX4 inhibited ferroptosis in cancer cells, the inhibition of GPX4 via RSL3 could enhance the anticancer effect of cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, GPX4 acts as an oncogene and inhibits ferroptosis in cancer cells, the anticancer effect of cisplatin can be enhanced by GPX4 inhibition.
GPX4 acts as an oncogene and inhibits ferroptosis in cancer cells, the anticancer effect of cisplatin can be enhanced by GPX4 inhibition.
Here we report a flexible and rechargeable aqueous Zn-iodine battery with an iodine/carbon cloth cathode. Combined experimental and computational studies suggest that the battery undergoes a ...reversible reaction of Zn + I2 ↔ ZnI2 with suppressed I3- formation by confining iodine species in porous carbon.
Electrochemical deposition is a facile strategy to prepare functional materials but suffers from limitation in thin films and uncontrollable interface engineering. Here we report a universal ...electrosynthesis of metal hydroxides/oxides on varied substrates via reduction of oxyacid anions. On graphitic substrates, we find that the insertion of nitrate ion in graphene layers significantly enhances the electrodeposit-support interface, resulting in high mass loading and super hydrophilic/aerophobic properties. For the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction, the nanocrystalline cerium dioxide and amorphous nickel hydroxide co-electrodeposited on graphite exhibits low overpotential (177 mV@10 mA cm
) and sustains long-term durability (over 300 h) at a large current density of 1000 mA cm
. In situ Raman and operando X-ray diffraction unravel that the integration of cerium promotes the formation of electrocatalytically active gamma-phase nickel oxyhydroxide with exposed (003) facets. Therefore, combining anion intercalation with cathodic electrodeposition allows building robust electrodes with high electrochemical performance.
Sodium metal is a promising anode, but uneven Na deposition with a dendrite growth seriously impedes its application. Herein, a fibrous hydroxylated MXene/carbon nanotubes (h‐Ti3C2/CNTs) composite is ...designed as a scaffold for dendrite‐free Na metal electrodes. This composite displays fast Na+/electron transport kinetics and good thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. The h‐Ti3C2 contains abundant sodiophilic functional groups, which play a significant role in inducing homogeneous nucleation of Na. Meanwhile, CNTs provide high tensile strength and ease of film‐forming. As a result, h‐Ti3C2/CNTs exhibit a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.2 % and no dendrite after 1000 cycles. The h‐Ti3C2/CNTs/Na based symmetric cells show a long lifespan over 4000 h at 1.0 mA cm−2 with a capacity of 1.0 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, Na‐O2 batteries with a h‐Ti3C2/CNTs/Na anode exhibit a low potential gap of 0.11 V after an initial 70 cycles.
A friend to sodium: A fibrous hydroxylated h‐Ti3C2/carbon nanotubes composite is designed as a scaffold for dendrite‐free Na metal electrodes. It displays fast Na+/electron transport kinetics, high sodiophilicity, and satisfactory thermal conductivity and mechanical properties.
In this work, we combine electrochemical measurements, such as the rotating disk electrode (RDE) and the rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) techniques, and density functional theory (DFT) ...calculations to elucidate the mechanisms of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on carbon-supported Fe-phthalocyanine (FePc/C) and Co-phthalocyanine (CoPc/C) catalysts in 0.1 M NaOH solutions. The onset potential for ORR on FePc/C catalyst is found to be around 0.05 V vs. Hg/HgO in 0.1 M NaOH solutions, which is 100 mV more positive than that on CoPc/C. RDE and RRDE measurements show that the ORR mechanism is via a 4e− pathway on the FePc/C while it is through a 2e− pathway on the CoPc/C catalyst. The catalyst stability tests reveal that FePc is much less stable than CoPc under fuel cell cathode working conditions. Moreover, DFT calculations were performed to study the adsorption of O2, H2O, OH, HOOH, and H2OO molecules on FePc and CoPc molecule catalysts. We conclude the following from our theoretical and experimental results for the ORR on FePc/C and CoPc/C catalysts: (1) the lower the O2 adsorption energy, the higher the kinetics of the ORR will be; (2) the ORR pathways, 2e− or 4e−, are mainly determined by the H2O2 adsorption configurations; and (3) OH adsorption on the catalysts is considered to be an important factor to affect the catalyst stability.
The pressure comfort of a sleeveless yoga top was evaluated and optimized based on three-dimensional (3 D) virtual-reality technology. A 3 D human modal and virtual sample pattern were created, ...contact pressure values on 23 points during 12 yoga postures were measured. Results showed that pressure values of side neck point, back neck point, shoulder midpoint, shoulder point, bust point and the intersection of back princess line and waist line of the 3 D sample garment fluctuated greatly, where the dynamic pressure comfort was poor. The structural optimization was based on the improvement of pressure comfort on above points. A verification carried out to verity effects of the optimization, it was demonstrated that the pressure fluctuation at above points was obviously reduced, which meant the dynamic pressure comfort was obviously improved. It is expected that the research results can provide not only a yoga top pattern with excellent dynamic pressure comfort but also a reference for the future application of 3 D virtual pressure values in clothing.
Seed germination plays important roles in the establishment of seedlings and their subsequent growth; however, seed germination is inhibited by salinity, and the inhibitory mechanism remains elusive. ...Our results indicate that NaCl treatment inhibits rice seed germination by decreasing the contents of bioactive gibberellins (GAs), such as GA
and GA
and that this inhibition can be rescued by exogenous bioactive GA application. To explore the mechanism of bioactive GA deficiency, the effect of NaCl on GA metabolic gene expression was investigated, revealing that expression of both GA biosynthetic genes and GA-inactivated genes was up-regulated by NaCl treatment. These results suggest that NaCl-induced bioactive GA deficiency is caused by up-regulated expression of GA-inactivated genes, and the up-regulated expression of GA biosynthetic genes might be a consequence of negative feedback regulation of the bioactive GA deficiency. Moreover, we provide evidence that NaCl-induced bioactive GA deficiency inhibits rice seed germination by decreasing α-amylase activity via down-regulation of α-amylase gene expression. Additionally, exogenous bioactive GA rescues NaCl-inhibited seed germination by enhancing α-amylase activity. Thus, NaCl treatment reduces bioactive GA content through promotion of bioactive GA inactivation, which in turn inhibits rice seed germination by decreasing α-amylase activity via down-regulation of α-amylase gene expression.
Nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) has recently attracted much interest because of its ability to fix the metal nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, NG materials with a nitrogen content of 4.5–7.6 wt% were ...prepared by hydrothermal method and then used to support Cu catalysts for dimethyl carbonate (DMC) synthesis via the oxidative carbonylation of methanol. The Cu/NG catalysts showed significantly enhanced catalytic activity and stability as compared with copper/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) catalyst. The characterization results show that the enhancing effect of nitrogen doping can be attributed to the decrease in size of Cu NPs and the increase in density of carrier for efficient charge transfer. Density functional theory calculations gave further evidence that the energy barrier for the rate-limiting step for DMC formation (CO insertion) is 89.6 to 67.5 kJ/mol, and that the energies of binding between Cu and the substrate on Cu/rGO and Cu/NG catalysts are 723.1 and 922.7 kJ/mol, respectively.
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Tunnel-type Li3VO4 (LVO) has become of great interest as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries owing to its large capacity, low cost, and safe potentials. However, the poor ...conductivity of LVO limits its wide applications. Here, LVO was doped with 0.05 unit of Ti4+ in each formula (LTVO) via a solid-state synthetic method to increase its conductivity and structural stability. The partial replacement of V5+ with Ti4+ leads to formation of additional interstitial Li+ ions in the octahedrons between MO4 (M = Li, V) tetrahedrons and hence improves Li+ ion diffusion kinetics. The resultant LTVO electrode exhibits a high discharge/charge capacity of ∼376 mAh g–1 at 20 mA g–1. Good cycling stability over 500 cycles with small polarization is achieved at 1000 mA g–1. This makes it a promising anode for Li-ion batteries.
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