Abstract
Turnout system is very important in the safety of railway system. However, the traditional maintenance method of turnouts is mainly based on human experience and basic intelligent model. ...Aiming at the problems existing in the current intelligent fault diagnosis method of turnout equipment, this paper uses the improved group decision-making method to dynamically and iteratively adjust and optimize the authority of each decision-making expert in the group decision-making method, so as to improve the prediction ability of the existing model, reduce the number of cases of prediction errors and further improve the safety of the turnout system.
Highly uniform ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles over N-doped carbon (Ru@CN) was designed and confirmed as a promising candidate for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) over a wide pH range. In ...particular, outstanding catalytic activity with an overpotential of 32 mV at 10 mA cm −2 was achieved in basic media. Moreover, Ru@CN holds promise for hydrogen production from 0 °C to 60 °C, greatly broadening its applicability.
This paper investigates the automatic exploration problem under the unknown environment, which is the key point of applying the robotic system to some social tasks. The solution to this problem via ...stacking decision rules is impossible to cover various environments and sensor properties. Learning-based control methods are adaptive for these scenarios. However, these methods are damaged by low learning efficiency and awkward transferability from simulation to reality. In this paper, we construct a general exploration framework via decomposing the exploration process into the decision, planning, and mapping modules, which increases the modularity of the robotic system. Based on this framework, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-based decision algorithm that uses a deep neural network to learning exploration strategy from the partial map. The results show that this proposed algorithm has better learning efficiency and adaptability for unknown environments. In addition, we conduct the experiments on the physical robot, and the results suggest that the learned policy can be well transferred from simulation to the real robot.
Due to their industrial indispensability, heterogeneous catalytic oxidation and hydrogenation continue to be topics of great interest in both experimental and theoretical studies. Graphitic carbon ...nitride (g-C
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), due to its unique structure and thus excellent properties such as semiconductivity and nitrogen richness, is suitable to act as a metal-free catalyst or catalyst support for these two significant transformations. This critical review will summarize the recent significant advances achieved in the field of oxidation and hydrogenation realized by g-C
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4
based catalytic systems. The review covers the practical applications and brief mechanistic discussions in three broad catalytic cases, catalytic oxidation under light irradiation, catalytic oxidation without light illumination, and catalytic hydrogenation with g-C
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supporting metal nanoparticles. The state-of-the-art and future challenges of heterogeneous hydrogenation and oxidation by g-C
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based systems are also discussed.
The review summarizes recent oxidation and hydrogenation strategies catalyzed by g-C
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based systems.
Developing novel and efficient catalysts is a critical step in common heterogeneous hydrogenation and oxidation reactions. Despite the frequent study of metal oxide-supported catalysts, porous carbon ...materials have also emerged as valuable potential catalysts. However, due to their highly microporous structures and inferior structural functionalities, traditional activated carbons (ACs) have become increasingly less popular for industrial applications. To deal with the disadvantages of ACs, tremendous efforts have been made to develop novel nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPC) materials with novel features such as highly porous structures and abundant structural nitrogen heteroatom decoration. As catalysts or catalysts supports, NPC materials have shown superior activities in many applications covering a wide range of heterogeneous hydrogenation and oxidation reactions. In this contribution, we review the fabrication methods for NPC materials used in heterogeneous hydrogenations and oxidations and highlight the intrinsic catalytic mechanisms along with the catalyst design strategies.
Developing novel and efficient catalysts is a critical step in common heterogeneous hydrogenation and oxidation reactions.
With the development of globalization, distributed manufacturing has become one of the main modes of manufacturing. The situation in which a number of heterogeneous factories coproduce a batch of ...jobs is ubiquitous in the field of distributed manufacturing. Compared with isomorphic factories, heterogeneous factories bring further difficulty in assigning jobs to factories. This paper considers the heterogeneity between factories in distributed flow-shop scheduling for the first time. This paper addresses a distributed heterogeneous no-wait flowshop scheduling problem (DHNWFSP) to minimize the makespan, where the factories have differences among them, including the number of machines, machine technology, raw material supply, and transportation conditions. In this problem, the numbers and types of machines in each factory are different, and this means that the jobs have to be processed through different processing paths. To effectively solve this DHNWFSP, a discrete artificial bee colony algorithm (DABC) is proposed. Firstly, to obtain a feasible neighborhood solution, four neighborhood search operators based on the characteristics of this problem are presented to search neighborhoods during the employed bee phase and onlooker bee phase. Then, a new method to accelerate the evaluation of the obtained neighborhood is proposed to reduce the computation time. Moreover, an efficient population update method is designed in the onlooker bee phase. Finally, a variable neighborhood descent (VND) algorithm based on four local-search methods is embedded into the scout bee phase to strengthen the local search ability of the overall algorithm. To validate the performance of the proposed algorithm, a series of numerical experiments are executed for small- and large-scale problems to compare the DABC with some state-of-art algorithms in terms of solving the DHNWFSP. The results show that the proposed DABC obtains the highest-quality solutions.
•Distributed heterogeneous no-wait flowshop scheduling problem is studied first.•A speed-up method of neighborhood evaluation is proposed in DHNWFSP.•A discrete artificial bee colony algorithm is Designed for DHNWFSP.
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. The outcome of patients with metastatic cervical cancer is poor. We reviewed the relevant literature concerning the treatment and ...diagnosis of metastatic cervical cancer. There are two types of metastasis related to different treatments and survival rates: hematogenous metastasis and lymphatic metastasis. Patients with hematogenous metastasis have a higher risk of death than those with lymphatic metastasis. In terms of diagnosis, fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and PET-computed tomography are effective tools for the evaluation of distant metastasis. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy and subsequent chemotherapy are well-tolerated and efficient for lymphatic metastasis. As for lung metastasis, chemotherapy and/or surgery are valuable treatments for resistant, recurrent metastatic cervical cancer and chemoradiotherapy may be the optimal choice for stage IVB cervical cancer. Chemotherapy and bone irradiation are promising for bone metastasis. A better survival is achieved with multimodal therapy. Craniotomy or stereotactic radiosurgery is an optimal choice combined with radiotherapy for solitary brain metastases. Chemotherapy and palliative brain radiation may be considered for multiple brain metastases and other organ metastases.
Cyclohexanone is an important intermediate in the manufacture of polyamides in chemical industry, but direct selective hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanone under mild conditions is a challenge. ...We report here a catalyst made of Pd nanoparticles supported on a mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride, Pd@mpg-C3N4, which was shown to be highly active and promoted the selective formation of cyclohexanone under atmospheric pressure of hydrogen in aqueous media without additives. Conversion of 99% and a selectivity higher than 99% were achieved within 2 h at 65 °C. The reaction can be accelerated at higher temperature, but even at room temperature, 99% conversion and 96% selectivity could still be obtained. The generality of the Pd@mpg-C3N4 catalyst for this reaction was demonstrated by selective hydrogenation of other hydroxylated aromatic compounds with similar performance.
In recent years, 2D materials and their heterostructures have started to offer an ideal platform for high-performance photodetection devices. In this work, a highly responsive, self-powered ...photodetector based on PtSe2/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructure is demonstrated. The device achieves a noteworthy wide band spectral response from visible (405 nm) range to the near infrared region (980 nm). The remarkable photoresponsivity and external quantum efficiency up to 4.52 A/W, and 1880% are achieved, respectively, at 405 nm illumination with fast response time of 20 ms. In addition, the photodetector exhibits a decent photoresponsivity of 33.4 mA/W at zero bias, revealing the photodetector works well in the self-driven mode. Our work suggests that a PtSe2/MoS2 heterostructure could be a potential candidate for the high-performance photodetection applications.
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