Pancreatic cancer has become a major disease affecting people's health because of its insidiousness, rapid progression and poor prognosis. Based on the practical needs of clinical work, combined with ...domestic multi-center research and experience, this guideline provides constructive suggestions for the interventional treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Diabetic foot (DF) is one of the most common complications of diabetes and is associated with high morbidity, disability, lethality and low cure-rate. The clinical diagnosis and treatment of DF need ...to be standardized. The Chinese Diabetic Foot Cell and Interventional Therapy Technology Alliance has released six editions of guidelines and standards for clinical diagnosis and interventional treatment of DF, which filled the gap in the domestic DF treatment standard and played an important role in improving the level of diagnosis and treatment in China. In line with the latest developments in diagnosis and treatment, the Alliance, along with other 89 institutions, developed and issued the new edition based on the sixth edition to help standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment of DF in China.
CFs/g-C3N4/BiOBr bundles have been prepared, and they can be woven into recyclable cloth-shaped visible-light-driven photocatalyst for degrading TC-HCl in water.
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•In-situ growth of ...g-C3N4/BiOBr heterojunctions on CFs.•Broad photoabsorption and high photocurrent of CFs/g-C3N4/BiOBr.•Simple weave of CFs/g-C3N4/BiOBr fibers to cloth.•High photocatalytic activity and simple recyclable process.
The photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water has received much attention, but its practical application in the river has been limited by a lack of efficient and recyclable visible-light-driven photocatalysts. To solve this problem, with flexible carbon fiber (CF) bundles as substrate, we have reported the in-situ growth of g-C3N4/BiOBr heterojunctions as weaveable photocatalyst. g-C3N4 nanosheets (thickness: ~30 nm, diameter: 0.4–1 μm) and BiOBr layer (thickness: ~25 nm, diameter: 200–500 nm) were grown on CFs successively. CFs/g-C3N4/BiOBr bundles could be woven into cloth (area: 5 × 5 cm2, weight: 0.15 g), and the cloth exhibited remarkably enhanced photodegradation efficiency (86.1%) for degrading TC-HCl in 120 min. In addition, h+, O2− and OH were demonstrated as the reactive species contributing to the elimination of TC-HCl. Especially, two possible pathways of degrading TC-HCl were proposed based on the intermediate products. Thus, CFs/g-C3N4/BiOBr could serve as a flexible, weaveable and recyclable photocatalyst for antibiotic elimination in an aqueous environment.
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) increase the risks of infection and amputation in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The impaired function and senescence of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and high ...glucose-induced ROS likely exacerbate DFUs. We assessed EPCs in 60 patients with DM in a hospital or primary care setting. We also evaluated the therapeutic effects of exosomes secreted from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on stress-mediated senescence of EPCs induced by high glucose. Additionally, the effects of exosomes and Nrf2 overexpression in ADSCs were investigated in vitro and in vivo in a diabetic rat model. We found that ADSCs that secreted exosomes promoted proliferation and angiopoiesis in EPCs in a high glucose environment and that overexpression of Nrf2 increased this protective effect. Wounds in the feet of diabetic rats had a significantly reduced ulcerated area when treated with exosomes from ADSCs overexpressing Nrf2. Increased granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, and levels of growth factor expression as well as reduced levels of inflammation and oxidative stress-related proteins were detected in wound beds. Our data suggest that exosomes from ADSCs can potentially promote wound healing, particularly when overexpressing Nrf2 and therefore that the transplantation of exosomes may be suitable for clinical application in the treatment of DFUs.
BiOBr-based nanocomposite photocatalysts are used for removing the organic pollutants, but their poor adsorption/photocatalytic performances and the low potential for recycling limit their ...application. To solve the issue, herein we report a large-area recyclable CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 filter-membrane-shaped photocatalyst prepared by
in situ
growth of BiOBr/ZIF-67 nanocomposites on carbon fiber cloth (CFC). Fabrication process is based on hydrothermal synthesis of BiOBr nanosheets (diameter 0.5–1 μm) on carbon fiber cloth (as substrate material) and then a chemical bath route is used to grow ZIF-67 nanoparticles (diameter 300–600 nm)
in situ
on the surface of CFC/BiOBr. Resulted composite, CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67, exhibits a high specific surface area (545.82 m
2
g
−1
) and a wide photoabsorption, accompanied by an absorption edge (~ 620 nm). In dark condition, CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 adsorbs bisphenol A (BPA) and orange 7 (AO7) within 60 min, respectively with 20.0% and 40.1% efficiency. This level of efficiencies are correspondingly 2.6 and 3.2 times more that of the bare CFC/BiOBr (7.6% for BPA and 12.4% for AO7). Under visible light irradiation, CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 can degrade 69.7% of BPA and 96.0% of AO7, in 120 min, which are, respectively, 1.3 and 1.8 times higher than the absorption efficiency of bare CFC/BiOBr (53.2% for BPA, 52.0% for AO7). When CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 is used as a filter membrane for photocatalytic removal of pollutants in flowing wastewater (AO7, rate: ~ 1.5 L h
−1
), 92.2% of AO7 can be decomposed after 10 filtering cycles. This study suggests CFC/BiOBr/ZIF-67 as a novel highly functional, recyclable and environmental friendly photo-driven membrane filter for purification and recovery of flowing surface waste waters.
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and no effective therapies have been found to prevent or cure AD to date. Berberine and curcumin are extracts from ...traditional Chinese herbs that have a long history of clinical benefits for AD. Here, using a transgenic AD mouse model, we found that the combined berberine and curcumin treatment had a much better effect on improving the cognitive function of mice than the single-drug treatment, suggesting synergic effects of the combined berberine and curcumin treatment. In addition, we found that the combined berberine and curcumin treatment had significant synergic effects on reducing soluble amyloid-β-peptide
(1–42)
production. Furthermore, the combination treatment also had remarkable synergic effects on decreasing inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in both the cortex and hippocampus of AD mice. We also found that the combination treatment performed much better than the single drugs in reducing the APP and BACE1 levels and increasing AMPKα phosphorylation and cell autophagy, which might be the underlying mechanism of the synergic effects. Taken together, the result of this study reveal the synergic effects and potential underlying mechanisms of the combined berberine and curcumin treatment in improving the symptoms of AD in mice. This study sheds light on a new strategy for exploring new phytotherapies for AD and also emphasizes that more research should focus on the synergic effects of herbal drugs in the future.
The pathological characteristics of osteoarthritis are cartilage matrix degradation, chondrocytes apoptosis, and low‐grade inflammation of the joint. Recent studies have shown that blood vessels grow ...from the subchondral bone to the articular cartilage. However, the relationship among inflammation, angiogenesis, and chondrocyte apoptosis is still unclear. We found that chondrocytes could secrete chemokines and VEGF to promote the migration of vascular endothelial cells in response to TNF‐α stimulation. The invasion of blood vessels leads to increased oxygen tension in the local environment, which increased the expression of SETD7 in chondrocytes by activating the JAK‐STAT5 pathway. The bond of phosphorylated STAT5 and the specific locus in the promoter of SETD7 directly increased the transcription of SETD7. On the one hand, SETD7‐regulated chemokine expression by forming a positive loop; on the other hand, SETD7‐mediated chondrocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the nuclear localization of HIF‐1α. In this study, we discovered a novel function of chondrocytes as mediators of inflammation and angiogenesis. Our study demonstrates that SETD7 is a potential molecular target to prevent OA development and progression.
When aluminium-rich phase minerals are added to Portland cement, Al atoms will enter the C-S-H and Al, then a substitution reaction will occur, forming a hydrated silica-calcium aluminate (C-A-S-H), ...which changes the molecular structure of the cement material. Due to limitations in experimental methods, the research on the bonding effect between corroded ions and Al-substituted structures is still unclear. Here, the mechanism of an Al substitution reaction affecting the adsorption of chloride and sulphate ions was studied using simulation. The C-A-S-H model of aluminium random substitution was built, evaluating the binding effects among the C-A-S-H, and sulphate and chloride ions. The results demonstrated that the C-A-S-H structure generated by the Al substitution reaction increased the physical adsorption capacity of the chloride and sulphate ions. The adsorption capacity of the sulphate ions was 13.26% higher than that before the Al substitution, and the adsorption capacity of chloride ions was 21.32% higher than that before the Al substitution. The addition of high aluminium phase minerals caused the interfacial flocculants C-A-S-H and C-S-H to connect and intertwine in the the interface transition zone (ITZ) structure. The addition of high-alumina phase minerals improves the microstructure of concrete hydration products, improving the physical and mechanical properties and durability of concrete. After the addition of 20% lithium slag, the sulphate ion erosion content and the chloride ion erosion content of the concrete decreased by 13.65% and 15.72%, respectively. This paper provides a deeper understanding of the effect of high-alumina phase admixtures on concrete at the micro-scale.
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization was an important method in the treatment of solid cancers and the effectiveness of such treatment depends on the nature of embolic agent. Due to the ...biocompatibility, controllable degradation rate, and both hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity, researches of application on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in medical practice has been ongoing for more than 40 years. We have seen many benefits for patients in recent years. There were five different methods of preparing micrometer-scale microspheres, and three kinds of PLGA microspheres have been subjected to experimental research or used in clinical applications, namely blank microspheres, drug-loaded microspheres, and radioactive microspheres. Hereby, we reviewed the production and clinical and experimental applications of PLGA microspheres in practice.
Diabetic ischemic ulcer is an intractable diabetic complication. Angiogenesis is a critical factor for wound healing in patients with diabetic foot wounds. Sustained gene delivery could be notably ...necessary in modulating gene expression in chronic ulcer healing and might be a promising approach for diabetic foot ulcers. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish diabetic foot ulcer models by streptozotocin and skin biopsy punch. The plasmids expressing VEGF-A and PDGF-B were prepared and then incorporated with polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanospheres to upregulate genes expression. The aim of this study was to explore whether the engineered VEGF-A and PDGF-B based plasmid-loaded nanospheres could be upregulated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and improve the wound healing. The cultured fibroblasts could be effectively transfected by means of nanosphere/plasmid in vitro. In vivo, the expression of VEGF-A and PDGF-B was significantly upregulated at full-thickness foot dorsal skin wounds and the area of ulceration was progressively and significantly reduced following treatment with nanosphere/plasmid. These results indicated that combined gene transfer of VEGF-A and PDGF-B could improve reparative processes in the wounded skin of diabetic rats and nanosphere may be a potential non-viral vector for gene therapy of the diabetic foot ulcer.
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