Abstract
No epidemiologic studies have been conducted to assess the association of intake of dietary vitamin K with the risk of pancreatic cancer. We used prospective data from the Prostate, Lung, ...Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial between 1993 and 2009 to fill this gap. A total of 101,695 subjects were identified. Dietary intakes of phylloquinone (vitamin K1), menaquinones (vitamin K2), and dihydrophylloquinone (dihydrovitamin K1) were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Cox regression was applied to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. During a mean follow-up of 8.86 years (900,744.57 person-years), 361 cases of pancreatic cancer were documented. In the fully adjusted model, dietary intakes of phylloquinone (for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.39, 0.83; P for trend = 0.002) and dihydrophylloquinone (for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, HR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.85; P for trend = 0.006), but not menaquinones (for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, HR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.65, 1.33; P for trend = 0.816), were found to be inversely associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer in a nonlinear dose–response manner (all P values for nonlinearity < 0.05), and this was not modified by predefined stratification factors and remained in sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, dietary intakes of phylloquinone and dihydrophylloquinone, but not menaquinones, confer a lower risk of pancreatic cancer. Future studies should confirm our findings.
Background
Whether adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations is associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic ...cancer remains controversial. Additionally, no study has investigated this association in the US population. Hence, we investigated the association of adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations with pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality in a US population.
Methods
A population‐based cohort of 95 962 participants was identified. A score incorporating eight WCRF/AICR components was constructed to reflect adherence to the WCRF/AICR guidelines, with higher scores representing greater adherence to the guidelines. Cox and competing risk regression were used to calculate risk estimates for pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality, respectively. Restricted cubic spline functions were used to test nonlinearity.
Results
In the fully adjusted model, higher overall WCRF/AICR scores were shown to be associated with lower risks of developing pancreatic cancer (hazard ratiotertile 3 vs 1:0.67; 95% confidence interval: 0.49, 0.90; Ptrend = .0099) and mortality due to this cancer (subdistribution hazard ratiotertile 3 vs 1 0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.47, 0.89; Ptrend = .0108) in a linear dose–response manner (all Pnonlinearity > .05). The component “be physically active” was shown to be a key contributor to the observed associations. No association of the diet‐specific WCRF/AICR score with pancreatic incidence and mortality was found.
Conclusions
Adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR guidelines, especially “be physically active,” confers reduced risks of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality in the US population; however, adherence to dietary components alone does not confer such beneficial effects.
In this prospective study of 95962 American adults, we found that greater adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations was associated with lower risks of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality. However, such beneficial effects were not found for adherence to diet‐specific recommendations alone.Importantly, the component “be physically active” was found to be a key driver of the observed associations.
Treatment strategy for hepatic trauma Yu, Wu-Yong; Li, Qu-Jin; Gong, Jian-Ping
Chinese journal of traumatology,
06/2016, Letnik:
19, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Liver is one of the organs with the highest injury rate, and in recent decades, the guidelines for the treatment of liver trauma have changed considerably. Now, there is a growing consensus that the ...most important step is diagnosis and depending upon the degree of severity, non-operative therapy is the main treatment method for hepatic trauma if conditions permit. For serious hepatic trauma patients such as those with hemodynamic instability, they should be operated upon as soon as possible. Regardless of the surgical options, doctors should control damage to patients and try to prevent complications. New therapies such as hepatic artery embolization and liver transplantation have been more and more used for the treatment of serious heoatic damage in clinics.
Abstract
Low-carbohydrate diets have become a popular approach for weight loss in recent years. However, whether low-carbohydrate diets are associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer remains to be ...elucidated. Hence, we examined the association of low-carbohydrate diets with the risk of pancreatic cancer in a US population. A population-based cohort of 95 962 individuals was identified. A low-carbohydrate-diet score was calculated to quantify adherence to this dietary pattern, with higher scores indicating greater adherence. Cox regression was used to calculate risk estimate for the association of the low-carbohydrate-diet score with the risk of pancreatic cancer. Subgroup analysis was used to identify the potential effect modifiers. After an average follow-up of 8.87 years (875856.9 person-years), we documented a total of 351 pancreatic cancer cases. In the fully adjusted model, the highest versus the lowest quartiles of the overall low-carbohydrate-diet score were found to be associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer (hazard ratioquartile 4 versus 1: 0.61; 95% confidence interval: 0.45, 0.82; Ptrend < 0.001). Subgroup analysis found that the inverse association of low-carbohydrate diets with the risk of pancreatic cancer was more pronounced in individuals aged ≥65 years than in those aged <65 years (Pinteraction = 0.015). Similar results were obtained for animal and vegetable low-carbohydrate-diet scores. In conclusion, low-carbohydrate diets, regardless of the type of protein and fat, are associated with a lower risk of pancreatic cancer in the US population, suggesting that adherence to low-carbohydrate diets may be beneficial for pancreatic cancer prevention. Future studies should validate our findings in other populations.
Adherence to overall, animal-based or vegetable-based low-carbohydrate diets was associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer, which was more pronounced in individuals aged ≥65 years than in those aged <65 years.
Inorganic-organic hybrid WOx-ethylenediamine （WO/-EDA） nanowires have been produced by a simple, low-cost and high-yield solvothermal method. These WO/-EDA hybrid nanowires have unique lamellar ...mesostructures with an alternate stacking of an interconnected WO6 octahedral layer and a monolayer of ethylenediamine molecules. This hybrid structure integrated the functionality of ethylenediamine with the stability of the WOx frameworks. In situ synchrotron- radiation X-ray diffraction is used to elucidate a possible formation mechanism of the hybrid WOx-EDA. The nanowire morphology, lamellar structure and abundant functional amino groups endow them with versatile abilities. For example, in heavy metal ion adsorption the WOx-EDA nanowires display exceptional adsorption capabilities of 925 mg·g^-1 for Pb^2＋ and 610 mg·g^-1 for UO2^2＋. The nanowires also show outstanding stability and activity as a heterogeneous base catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction at room temperature. The catalyst can be recycled and reused for 20 cycles with nearly 100% yields. This study provides a new strategy to design inorganic-organic hybrid materials, and offers a multifunctional material that is a highly efficient adsorbent and sustainable catalyst.
INTRODUCTION
The tetrasomy 18p （OMIM 614290） is a very rare chromosomal abnormality, with a prevalence of 1/140,000-180,000 live births,Although it has been known in some countries, it has been ...seldom reported in China. Especially, mosaicism for tetrasomy 18p is even rare. Because of a very limited number of cases, the phenotypic spectrum of mosaic tetrasomy 18p, the complications, and prognosis are unknown. In this study, we reported a patient with mosaic tetrasomy 18p by conventional karyotyping analysis, high-resolution single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） array, and fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH）.
No epidemiological studies have been conducted to assess the association of dietary vitamin K intake with the risk of pancreatic cancer. We used prospective data from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, ...and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial between 1993 and 2009 to fill this gap. A total of 101695 subjects were identified. Dietary intakes of phylloquinone (vitamin K1), menaquinones (vitamin K2), and dihydrophylloquinone (dihydrovitamin K1) were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. Cox regression was applied to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During a mean follow-up of 8.86 years (900744.57 person-years), 361 pancreatic cancer cases were documented. In the fully adjusted model, dietary intakes of phylloquinone (HRquartile 4 versus 1: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.83; Ptrend=0.002) and dihydrophylloquinone (HRquartile 4 versus 1: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.85; Ptrend=0.006), but not menaquinones (HRquartile 4 versus 1: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.65, 1.33; Ptrend=0.816), were found to be inversely associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer in a nonlinear dose-response manner (all Pnonlinearity<0.05), which were not modified by predefined stratification factors and remained in sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, dietary intakes of phylloquinone and dihydrophylloquinone, but not menaquinones, confer a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer. Future studies should confirm our findings.
The homozygous loss of the survival motor neuron 1 （SMN1） gene is the primary cause of spinal muscular atrophy （SMA）, a neuromuscular degenerative disease. A genetically similar gene, SMN2, which is ...not functionally equivalent in all SMA patients, modifies the clinical SMA phenotypes. We analyzed the methylation levels of 4 CpG islands （CGIs） in SMN2 in 35 Chinese children with SMA by MassARRAY. We found that three CpG units located in CGI 1 （nucleotides （nt） -871, -735） and CGI 4 （nt ＋999） are significantly hypomethylated in SMA type III compared with type I or II children after receiving Bonferroni correction. In addition to the differentially methylated CpG unit of nt -871, the methylation level of the nt -290/-288/-285 unit was negatively correlated with the expression of SMN2 full-length transcripts （SMN2-fl）. In addition, the methylation level at nt ＋938 was inversely proportional to the ratio of SMN2-fl and lacking exon 7 transcripts （SMN2-A7, fl/A7）, and was not associated with the SMN2 transcript levels. Thus, we can conclude that SMN2 methylation may regulate the SMA disease phenotype by modulating its transcription.
两例无关的罕见Ⅰ型Crigler-Najjar综合征患者；两种新突变和一例患者UGT1A1基因杂合性缺失 Yan LI Yu-jin QU Xue-mei ZHONG Yan-yan CAO Li-min JIN Jin-li BAI Xin MA Yu-wei JIN Hong WANG Yan-ling ZHANG Fang SONG
浙江大学学报：B卷英文版,
2014, Letnik:
15, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Background Although three-dimensional MRI （3D-MRI） of short T1 inversion recovery turbo spin-echo （STIR TSE） has showed superior to two-dimensional MRI （2D-MRI） in showing the spinal cord and lumbar ...nerve roots, it remains difficult in demonstrating radicular vein at present. We have found that short T1 inversion recovery long time echo （STIR LONG TE） was better in showing radicular vein. To further study the methods and character of the 3D-MRI of lumbar nerve root, ganglions and radicular vein in normal and lumbar disc herniation （LDH） adults, in the present study, we evaluated two 3D-MRI techniques, STIR TSE and STIR LONG TE for demonstrating lumbar nerve roots and especial radicular vein in normal and LDH adults. Methods Twelve normal adult persons and 19 LDH patients were included in this study; special oblique coronal location was adopted. STIR TSE and STIR LONG TE were performed in all participants, and the detection rates of radicular vein and nerve root of L3, L4, L5,S1 were calculated. The grading system was used in grading compromise of the intraspinal extradural lumbar nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein in LDH patients, and all the grading injury of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein had been evaluated. Results The definite rate of radicular vein （DRRV） of 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE was significantly different from that of STIR TSE. DRRV of STIR LONG TE was L3, 91.7%, L4, 100%, L5, 100%, $1, 100% and that of STIR TSE was L3, 33.3%, L4, 37.5%, L5, 58.3%, $1,45.8% in normal adults. It showed no difference between STIR LONG TE and STIR TSE in the detection rate of nerve root. The different patho-injuries of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein could be seen in all LDH patients by the 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE. The mean score of Japanese Orthopaedic Association （JOA） was 16.16, and 29 nerve roots were calculated in all the study. The mean grading injury of nerve root was 2.17, that of nerve root ganglion was 1.28, that of radicular vein was 1.83, and the mean co-grading injury of nerve root, ganglion and radicular vein was 5.31. The correlation coefficient was 0.478 （P=0.010） between the score of JOA and that of radicular vein. Conclusion The 3D-MRI of STIR LONG TE is superior to STIR TSE for not only detecting the lumbar nerve root, ganglion and especial radicular vein in normal adults, but also displaying their patho-injuries degree in LDH patients.
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