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The design of multicomponent electrode materials is attractive for advanced supercapacitors due to synergistic and multifunctional effects among different active materials. We ...reported here a structure-designed synthesis strategy to controllably fabricate hierarchical NiCo2O4@NiO composites on carbon fiber paper. The hierarchical structure with NiCo2O4 core and NiO shell provided more active sites for ion transportation and storage to improve utilization rate of electrode materials, enhancing the specific capacitance and rate performance. As an ideal electrode material for supercapacitors, the NiCo2O4@NiO electrode exhibit high specific capacitance (1188 F/g at 2 A/g), excellent rate capability with ∼85% capacitance retained at 10 A/g, and compelling cycling performance (∼106.8% of the initial capacitance retention over 7000 cycles). The present work demonstrated a structure-designed strategy to construct high-performance multicomponent electrode materials for supercapacitors.
For dense time delay estimation (TDE), when multiple time delays are located within a grid interval, it is difficult for the existing sparse Bayesian learning/inference (SBL/SBI) methods to obtain ...high estimation accuracy to meet the application requirements. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a method named off-grid sparse Bayesian inference — biased total grid (OGSBI-BTG), where a mesh evolution process is conducted to move the total grids iteratively based on the position of the off-grid between two grids. The proposed method updates the off-grid dictionary matrix by further reconstructing an optimum mesh and offsetting the off-grid vector. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach performs better than other state-of-the-art SBI methods and multiple signal classification even when the grid interval is larger than the gap of true time delays. In this paper, the time domain model and frequency domain model of TDE are studied.
To represent the physical processes at hillslope scales for hyper‐resolution land surface modeling, we propose a hierarchical, catchment‐based spatial tessellation method. The land surface is divided ...into a hierarchical structure: catchments, height bands along hillslopes within a catchment, and land cover patches within a height band. This catchment‐based structure explicitly represents hillslope drainage networks and can be applied at various resolutions determined by a pre‐defined maximum height band size. The proposed tessellation method is superior to the conventional grid‐based structure in representing land surface heterogeneity, resulting in a higher aggregation skill through the height band representation. The spatial variations in air temperature, leaf area index, saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, and soil porosity are generally lower within a height band than those in a conventional rectangular grid, reflecting the nature of topographic control on climate, vegetation, and soil distribution. The improvement in aggregation skill depends on resolutions and terrain slope angle, more pronounced at 1/6° model resolution and over steeper terrains. Finally, we demonstrate that our proposed catchment‐based structure performs better than the grid‐based structure through modeling tests over the Columbia River basin at resolutions of 1/2°, 1/6°, and 1/20° and a global test at 1/2° using the ILAMB model evaluation metrics.
Plain Language Summary
This paper develops a catchment‐based spacing approach for high‐resolution land surface modeling. The land surface is divided into a hierarchical structure: catchments, height bands along hillslopes within a catchment, and land cover patches within a height band. We demonstrates that the catchment‐based approach can better represent the heterogeneous distributions of water, soils, plants, and climates, especially over mountainous regions than does the conventional, rectangular grid‐based approach. When used in a land surface model, the catchment‐based approach also performs better than the grid‐based approach through modeling tests over the Columbia River basin at resolutions of 1/2°, 1/6°, and 1/20° and a global test at 1/2°.
Key Points
A catchment‐based hierarchical spatial tessellation: catchments, height bands, and land cover patches, is proposed
The catchment‐based tessellation method is superior to the conventional grid‐based structure in representing land surface heterogeneities
The proposed catchment‐based structure performs better than the grid‐based structure in land surface modeling
Limited by the relatively low adsorption capacity of inorganic nanomaterials for antibiotics , ultralong hydrogen titanate nanobelts (UHTNs) with a hollow structure and high surface area (442.21 m2 ...g-1) were synthesized to evaluate the feasibility as a potential adsorbent material for antibiotic removal. A batch of adsorption experiments were conducted by using norfloxacin (NFO), tetracycline (TC) and ofloxacin (OFO) as the model antibiotic molecules. The results indicate that the adsorption of antibiotics on UHTNs is better fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the UHTNs' maximum adsorption capacities calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model were 151.51 mg g-1 for TC, 111.73 mg g-1 for NFO, and 148.14 mg g-1 for OFO at pH = 7, which are far better than those of most reported inorganic adsorbent materials. In the adsorption process of tetracycline, the surface complexation between the adsorbent and TC contributed most to the adsorption; this has been elucidated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, because the UHTNs are up to tens of micrometers in length, they can be easily aggregated to form a network. Therefore, a novel paper-like, free-standing UHTN membrane was fabricated via a simple vacuum filtration method, which also exhibits good adsorption capacity.
Currently, lithium-ion batteries are widely used in many areas, but they are still limited by the lower cycle stability and energy density. The development of low-cost, environmentally friendly, ...high-performance methods for the synthesis of graphene-based cathode materials is critical for lithium-ion batteries. Here, V
2
O
5
microspheres are synthesized by hydrothermal method. V
2
O
5
/graphene composite was constructed by wet ball milling. The nanometer-sized V
2
O
5
microspheres were well embedded and evenly dispersed into the flexible graphene sheets. Microsphere structure of V
2
O
5
reduces the ion transport distance, while the presence of the graphene component enhances the conduction of electrons in V
2
O
5
@G composites by partially exposing them to the surface of the composites. This study suggests that metal oxide electrodes in integration with graphene can address the poor cycling issues of electrode materials that suffer from low electronic and ionic conductivities. In LIBs, the V
2
O
5
@G cathode exhibits a discharge capacity of 313.65 mAh g
−1
at 150 mA g
−1
(1/2 C) with high specific capacity, and more than 150 mAh g
−1
at 3A g
−1
(10 C). After 500 cycles at 150 mA g
−1
, excellent cycling stability is still maintained. A practical strategy for the development of vanadium-based cathode materials with great promising potential in the field of lithium-based energy storage is provided by this work.
A large-scale of MoO3/PANI coaxial heterostructure nanobelts have been fabricated for high-performance supercapacitors via a simple and green approach without any surfactant. Herein, the assembly of ...PANI conductive layer on the surface of the well-crystallized α-MoO3 nanobelts was carried out using ammonium persulfate (APS) as oxidant by in-situ polymerization at room temperature. As-prepared MoO3/PANI coaxial heterostructure nanobelts have been successfully employed as supercapacitor electrodes. It was found that the as-synthesized MoO3/PANI coaxial heterostructure nanobelts exhibited excellent supercapacitor performance with high specific capacitances of 714Fg−1 at a scan rate of 1mVs−1 and 632Fg−1 at a current density of 1Ag−1 in 1M H2SO4 electrolyte, whereas the original α-MoO3 nanobelts just showed initial specific capacitances of 275Fg−1 and 267Fg−1 at 1mVs−1 and 1Ag−1, respectively, which attributed to the synergic effect between the PANI coating and the original α-MoO3 nanobelts.
Novel MoO3/PANI coaxial heterostructure nanobelts fabricated on a large-scale by a simple and green approach without any surfactant exhibits high specific capacitance of 714Fg−1 at a scan rate of 1mVs−1 and 632Fg−1 at a current density of 1Ag−1, as well as good cycling stability (76.7% of capacity retention after 3000 cycles). Display omitted
•Well-crystallized α-MoO3 nanobelts were prepared by a hydrothermal method.•MoO3/PANI coaxial nanobelts were carried out via a simple and green approach.•The coaxial heterostructure nanobelt shows superior supercapacitor performance.•A high specific capacitance of 714Fg−1 at 1mVs−1 in 1M H2SO4 electrolyte.
Optically active polymers are promising multifunctional materials with great application potentials. Herein, environmentally friendly optically active polyurethanes (OPUs) were obtained by ...introducing rotatory binaphthol monomer to polyurethane. The influence of binaphthol monomer content on the structure, mechanical properties, infrared emissivity, and thermal insulation of OPUs was studied intensively. Structure characterization indicated that the optically active polyurethanes have been successfully synthesized. The OPU synthesized with BIMOL and BDO at the mole ratio of 1:1 presented better thermal resistance. In addition, OPUs showed enhanced tensile strength and stretchability with the increase of BINOL content to a certain extent due to its rigid structural features and high molecular weight. The optically active polyurethanes showed lower infrared emissivity values (8-14 μm) than waterborne polyurethane (WPU), and the infrared emissivity decreased from 0.850 to 0.572 as the content of the BINOL monomer increased. Moreover, OPU4 exhibited the best heat insulation and cooling ability with about a 7 °C temperature difference. The thus-synthesized optically active polyurethanes provide an effective solution for developing highly effective thermal insulation materials.
TiO2 is regarded as a prospective electrode material owing to its excellent electrochemical properties such as the excellent cycling stability and the high safety. However, its low capacity and low ...electronic conductivity greatly restrict the further improvement in electrochemical performance. A new strategy was put forward to solve the above defects involved in TiO2 in which the low capacity was enhanced by nanomerization and porosity of TiO2, and the low electronic conductivity was improved by introducing Ag with a high conductivity. One-dimensional mesoporous Ag nanoparticles-embedded TiO2 nanofibers (Ag@TiO2 nanofibers) were successfully synthesized via a one-step electrospinning process combined with subsequent annealing treatment in this study. The microstructure and morphology of mesoporous TiO2@Ag nanofibers were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption. TiO2 nanofibers mainly consisted of a large amount of anatase TiO2, accompanied with traces of rutile TiO2. Ag nanoparticles were uniformly distributed throughout TiO2 nanofibers and promoted the transformation of TiO2 from the anatase to the rutile. The corresponding electrochemical performances are measured by galvanostatic charge-discharge, cycle stability, rate performance, cycle voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements in this research, with pristine TiO2 nanofibers as the reference. The results indicated that the introduction of Ag nanoparticles into TiO2 nanofibers significantly improved the diffusion coefficient of Li ions (5.42 × 10−9 cm2⋅s−1 for pristine TiO2, 1.96 × 10−8 cm2⋅s−1 for Ag@TiO2), and the electronic conductivity of TiO2 (1.69 × 10−5 S⋅cm−1 for pristine TiO2, and 1.99 × 10−5 S⋅cm−1 for Ag@TiO2), based on which the comprehensive electrochemical performance were greatly enhanced. The coulombic efficiency of the Ag@TiO2 nanofibers electrode at the first three cycles was about 56%, 93%, and 96%, which was higher than that without Ag (48%, 66%, and 79%). The Ag@TiO2 nanofibers electrode exhibited a higher specific discharge capacity of about 128.23 mAh⋅g−1 when compared with that without Ag (72.76 mAh·g−1) after 100 cycles at 100 mA·g−1. With the current density sharply increased from 40 mA·g−1 to 1000 mA·g−1, the higher average discharge capacity of 56.35 mAh·g−1 was remained in the electrode with Ag, when compared with the electrode without Ag (average discharge capacity of about 12.14 mAh·g−1). When the current density was returned to 40 mA·g−1, 80.36% of the initial value was returned (about 162.25 mAh·g−1) in the electrode with Ag, which was evidently superior to that without Ag (about 86.50 mAh·g−1, only 55.42% of the initial value). One-dimensional mesoporous Ag@TiO2 nanofibers can be regarded as a potential and promising candidate as anode materials for lithium ion batteries.
Total knee joint replacement (TKR) is an effective method for the treatment of severe knee osteoarthritis. With an increasing number of surgeries, complications such as lower limb edema, pain, and ...limited mobility have caused a heavy burden. Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) may be a solution to solve the problem. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of MLD in reducing knee edema, pain, and improving range of motion (ROM) in patients after TKR.
A search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIPs, WanFang database, and Google Scholar from inception to June 2023. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the effects of MLD and non-MLD (or another physiotherapy) on improving knee edema, pain, and ROM after TKR were included. Stata 16.0 was used for meta-analysis. GRADE was used to assess the quality of evidence.
In total, 7 RCTs with 285 patients were identified. There were no significant differences found in the ROM of knee flexion (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.22, 0.28, P = 0.812) and the ROM of knee extension (SMD= -0.30, 95%CI: -0.64, 0.04, P = 0.084). No differences were observed in the lower extremity circumference after TKR (SMD= -0.09, 95%CI: -0.27, 0.09, P = 0.324). For postoperative pain, there was no significant advantage between the MLD and non-MLD groups (SMD= -0.33, 95%CI: -0.71, 0.04, P = 0.083).
Based on the current evidence from RCTs, manual lymphatic drainage is not recommended for the rehabilitation of patients following total knee replacement.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Our previous work reported the development of a proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib (BTZ) encapsulated hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres (HMSNs), as a biocompatible and effective drug-delivery system ...for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. Then we found that the tumor-suppressing effect of BTZ or HMSNs-BTZ was compromised in p53 null/mutant NSCLC. In fact, clinical studies have shown a beneficial effect of the combination of p53 gene therapy and chemotherapeutic drugs for patients with NSCLC, especially with the p53 gene null/mutant NSCLC. But there are some safety and toxicity concerns that face the use of gene delivery viral vectors. Here, HMSN-based co-delivery of BTZ and the tumor-suppressor gene p53 was developed for p53 signal impaired NSCLC therapy. The result of the cell viability assay on p53-mutant H1299 cells showed that the half-maximum inhibiting concentration (IC
50
) of HMSN-PEI-BTZ-p53 was 51% or 25% of that for HMSN-BTZ in 72 or 96 h treatment, respectively. Live/dead staining assay for treated H1299 cells exhibited wider distribution, and higher dead staining was prominent in the HMSNs-PEI-BTZ-p53 group when compared to that of the HMSNs-BTZ group with equivalent BTZ concentration, which was consistent with accumulated p53 expression. Furthermore, the Annexin V-FITC/PI assay suggested restored p53 expression by HMSNs-PEI-BTZ-p53 induced activation of early apoptosis which contributed to enhanced later cell death. Western blotting and real time PCR results showed that several p53 downstream genes responded strongly and synergistically to BTZ function and p53 restored expression (accumulation of p21 and bax, activation of caspase 3, down-regulation of Bcl-2,
etc
.). Restoration and re-activation of the p53 signal pathway was the basic molecular mechanism for enhanced efficacy of HMSNs-PEI-BTZ-p53 on p53-mutant NSCLC cells.
Hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres (HMSN)-based co-delivery of bortezomib (BTZ) and the tumor suppressor gene p53 was developed for p53 signal impaired NSCLC therapy.
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