The study of birds responded to the environmental factors will contribute to the understanding of habitat selection and biodiversity conservation. East Dongting Lake, which is an important wintering ...habitat and pathway for migratory birds in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, was taken as a case study. The aims of this study were to identify: (1) whether there were any relationships between environmental variables and bird species in East Dongting Lake wetland; (2) which variable(s) could be the critical one(s) markedly correlating with the birds. We applied direct multivariate analysis combined with partial analysis to quantify the effects of environmental variables on bird species in this study. The results indicated that landscape structure (explaining 40.95% of the variation), habitat index and human disturbance (75.58%, 51.97%, respectively) were significantly associated with the bird abundance while the individual effect of habitat-level variables was more evident than the others. Among the seven chosen environmental variables, five critical variables markedly related to the richness of birds (P<0.05) with the impact intensity in the order of sedge area>water area>reed area>patch density>distance to residents. No obvious indication was found in our study to prove that landscape diversity and distance to road had significant correlations with the bird species abundance. The results would provide potential insights into protecting the bird diversity and the restoration of the bird habitat in East Dongting Lake wetland.
Oxide supports modify electronic structures of supported metal nanoparticles, and then affect the catalytic activity associated with the so-called strong metal–support interaction (SMSI). We herein ...report the strong influence of SMSI employing Ni4/α-MoC(111) and defective Ni4/MgO(100) catalysts used for dry reforming of methane (DRM, CO2 + CH4 → 2CO + 2H2) by using density functional theory (DFT) and kinetic Monte Carlo simulation (KMC). The results show that α-MoC(111) and MgO(100) surface have converse electron and structural effect for Ni4 cluster. The electrons transfer from α-MoC(111) surface to Ni atoms, but electrons transfer from Ni atoms to MgO(100) surface; an extensive tensile strain is greatly released in the Ni lattice by MgO, but the extensive tensile strain is introduced in the Ni lattice by α-MoC. As a result, although both catalysts show good stability, H2/CO ratio on Ni4/α-MoC(111) is obviously larger than that on Ni4/MgO(100). The result shows that Ni/α-MoC is a good catalyst for DRM reaction comparing with Ni/MgO catalyst.
Display omitted
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in the flue gas from two types of waste incinerators (municipal solid waste incinerators and hazardous waste incinerators) the most ...commonly used in China were investigated in this study. The PCDD/F emissions from the stack gas of the waste incinerators showed a large variation from 0.016 to 0.29 ng I-TEQ m^(-3) with an average value of 0.103 ng I-TEQ m^(-3). The emission factors of PCDD/Fs were in the range of 0.056-0.607 μg I-TEQ t^(-1) (average 0.235 μg I-TEQ t^(-1)) for municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) and 0.07-3.27 μg I-TEQ t^(-1) (average 1.03 μg I-TEQ t^(-1)) for hazardous waste incinerators (HWIs), respectively. It was estimated that 10.2-88.0 mg I-TEQ (average 35.0 mg I-TEQ) and 1.13-53.0 mg I-TEQ (average 17.1 mg I-TEQ) of PCDD/Fs were annually released to the atmosphere, respectively from MSWIs and HWIs. The level and congener patterns of 17 species of PCDD/Fs in the ambient air and in soil samples around the MSWIs and HWIs were investigated to evaluate the influence of PCDD/F emission on the environment. The PCDD/F concentrations in the ambient air from the 5 MSWIs and 4 HWIs ranged from 0.088 to 13.9 pg I-TEQ m^(-3) with an average value of 0.185 pg I-TEQ m^(-3). The soil samples in the vicinity of MSWIs and HWIs presented concentrations between 0.68 and 16.0 ng I-TEQ kg^(-1) with an average value of 3.98 ng I-TEQ kg^(-1). This study showed that PCDD/F emission from the incineration plants had an obvious impact on the surrounding ambient air.
Recent studies have suggested that inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-receptor (IP3R)–mediated Ca release plays an important role in the modulation of excitation–contraction coupling (ECC) in atrial tissue ...and the generation of arrhythmias, specifically chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). IP3R type-2 (IP3R2) is the predominant IP3R isoform expressed in atrial myocytes. To determine the role of IP3R2 in atrial arrhythmogenesis and ECC, we generated IP3R2-deficient mice. Our results revealed that endothelin-1 (ET-1) stimulation of wild-type (WT) atrial myocytes caused an increase in basal Cai, an enhancement of action potential (AP)-induced Cai transients, an improvement of the efficacy of ECC (increased fractional SR Ca release), and the occurrence of spontaneous arrhythmogenic Ca release events as the result of activation of IP3R-dependent Ca release. In contrast, ET-1 did not alter diastolic Cai or cause spontaneous Ca release events in IP3R2-deficient atrial myocytes. Under basal conditions the spatio-temporal properties (amplitude, rise-time, decay kinetics, and spatial spread) of Cai transients and fractional SR Ca release were not different in WT and IP3R2-deficient atrial myocytes. WT and IP3R2-deficient atrial myocytes also showed a significant and very similar increase in the amplitude of AP-dependent Cai transients and Ca spark frequency in response to isoproterenol stimulation, suggesting that both cell types maintained a strong inotropic reserve. No compensatory changes in Ca regulatory protein expression (IP3R1, IP3R3, RyR2, NCX, SERCA2) or morphology of the atria could be detected between WT and IP3R2-deficient mice. These results show that lack of IP3R2 abolishes the positive inotropic effect of neurohumoral stimulation with ET-1 and protects from its arrhythmogenic effects.
Traditional 3D object detectors use BEV (bird’s eye view) feature maps to generate 3D object proposals, but in a single BEV feature map, there are inevitably the problems of high compression and ...information loss. To solve this problem, we propose a multi-view joint learning and BEV feature-fusion network. In this network, we mainly propose two fusion modules: the multi-view feature-fusion module and the multi-BEV feature-fusion module. The multi-view feature fusion module performs joint learning from multiple views, fusing features learned from multiple views, and supplementing missing information in the BEV feature map. The multi-BEV feature-fusion module fuses BEV feature map outputs from different feature extractors to further enrich the feature information in the BEV feature map, in order to generate better quality 3D object proposals. We conducted experiments on a widely used KITTI dataset. The results show that our method has significantly improved the detection accuracy of the cyclist category.For cyclist detection tasks at the easy, moderate, and hard levels of the KITTI test dataset, our method improves by 1.57%, 2.03%, and 0.67%, respectively, compared to PV-RCNN.
Both low clouds and elevated ducts are common phenomena in the oceanic atmosphere. Low clouds affect elevated ducts by changing the structure of atmospheric temperature and humidity. However, due to ...the limitation of met-ocean measurements, research on them is still scattered. This paper presents the distribution of elevated ducts and clouds over the central Western Pacific Ocean (WPO) based on Global Position System (GPS) sounding data and Himawari-8 satellite products from November 2015 to January 2016. Results show that the frequency of elevated ducts detected by ship-based GPS soundings was as high as 77% over the central WPO. The height and frequency of elevated ducts are closely related to the low clouds. If there are no clouds, the occurrence probability and mean base height of the elevated ducts are 14% and 730 m, respectively. By comparison, the occurrence probability and mean base height increase up to 24% and 1471 m, respectively, in the presence of cumulus (Cu) clouds, and 22% and 1511 m, respectively, in the presence of stratocumulus (Sc) clouds. Elevated ducts occur near the cloud top. The analysis of geopotential height and wind fields from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis dataset (ERA-interim) shows that the study area is covered by a strong and stable subtropical high, and slowly sinking dry air masses inside the subtropical high are above the moist boundary-layer air mass. The appearance and evolution of low clouds will adjust the temperature and humidity structure of the lower troposphere. If there are no clouds, the marine boundary layer (MBL) is the classic mixed boundary layer. Humidity gradient and subsidence inversion are formed atop the mixed layer. When low clouds are present, long wave radiation and entrainment atop clouds form a strong temperature inversion and humidity gradient, which strengthen elevated ducts. However, when Sc clouds are decoupled, a weaker temperature inversion and humidity gradient may occur between the surface mixed layer and subcloud layer, leading to a weak elevated duct atop the mixed layer.
According to a survey published in an authoritative journal in January 2020, the global incidence rate of mental illness is 8.3% for men and 10.6% for women, which indicates that mental illness has ...become a globally recognized obstacle. Therefore, specific psychotherapy including mental illness will become an important research topic. It is very effective for patients with special mental diseases, such as mental illness, to reduce their mental reaction by exposure therapy; the system uses the virtual reality system of medical images processed by learning algorithm to reproduce the effect of virtual reality exposure method of the high scene of transparent ladder. Compared with the old invasive exposure scene, the results show that the improvement of both conditions has obvious effect, and the effect of human treatment under the two conditions is not good. There are obvious differences, which show that virtual reality model will gradually replace the on-the-spot feeling. Finally, with more and more researchers have put forward a variety of other virtual reality image processing models, the research of image processing has gradually become more and more interested. Keywords: DNN, Virtual Reality, Medical image, Image processing, Optical imaging
By using high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) coupled with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate the atomic-level imaging of ...cation ordering in inverse spinel Zn2SnO4 nanowires. This cation ordering was identified as 1:1 ordering of Zn2+ and Sn4+ at the octahedral sites of the inverse spinel crystal with microscopic symmetry transition from original cubic Fd3̅m to orthorhombic Imma group. This ordering generated a 67.8% increase in the elastic modulus and 1–2 order of magnitude lower in the electric conductivity and electron mobility compared to their bulk counterpart.
The gut microbiome significantly influences the health and productivity of silkworms (
), the cornerstone of sericulture. With the increasing use of cost-effective artificial diets in sericulture, it ...is crucial to understand how these diets impact the silkworm gut microbiomes. Here we employed 16S rRNA sequencing to delineate the impact of three distinct dietary regimens on the silkworm gut microbiomes: exclusive mulberry leaf diet (SY), exclusive artificial feed diet (SL), and a sequential transition from artificial feed to mulberry leaves (ZS). Our results unveiled stark differences in microbial diversity across the groups, with the ZS group displaying an intermediary complexity. LefSe and random forest analyses identified Methylobacteriaceae,
, and
as significantly enriched in the ZS group, suggesting their potential to facilitate silkworms' adaptation to dietary transitions. Functional profiling revealed differential pathway regulation, indicating a metabolic reconfiguration in response to dietary modulations. Notably, the enrichment of
and
in both the SL and ZS groups highlights their potential as probiotics in artificial diets. Our findings provide insights into the diet adaptation mechanisms of silkworm gut microbiota, paving the way for harnessing the intestinal bacteria to enhance silkworm health and silk production through targeted microbial interventions in sericulture practices.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Multidrug resistance (MDR) based on ATP-dependent efflux transporters (p-glycoprotein (p-gp)) remains a major obstacle in successful chemotherapy treatment. Herein, we have investigated the potential ...of PD-L1 mAb-conjugated nanoliposome to serve as a targeted delivery platform for the co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and p-gp specific transport inhibitor (TQD, tariquidar) in drug-resistant gastric cancers. Two drugs, PTX and TQD, were co-loaded in a single vehicle in a precise ratio to enhance the prospect of combination chemotherapeutic effect. Cellular uptake study indicated that PD-PTLP had higher internalization efficiency in PD-L1 receptor overexpressing SGC7901/ADR cells than non-targeted PTLP. Highest synergy was observed at a weight fraction of 1/0.5 (PTX/TQD) and the combination of PTX and TQD resulted in obvious synergistic effect compared to that of individual drugs alone. Our in vitro results showed that TQD was effective in reversing the multidrug resistance in SGC7901/ADR cells. The IC50 value of PD-PTLP was 0.76 μg/ml compared to 6.58 μg/ml and 7.64 μg/ml for PTX and TQD, respectively. PD-TPLP triggered significantly higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis compared to that of free PTX or TQD. Furthermore, the in vivo antitumor study showed that the combination chemotherapy of PD-PTLP displayed a significant inhibition of tumor burden of drug-resistant xenograft tumors with significantly higher terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells. Furthermore, free PTX resulted in significant increase in the levels of AST and ALT while PD-PTLP insignificantly different compared to that of control indicating the safety index. Overall, we believe that combination of anticancer drug with a p-gp inhibitor could provide a potential direction toward the treatment of drug-resistant gastric tumors.
PDF
