To achieve the best management of the ecosystem and sustainable socioeconomic development, it is crucial to clarify the matching relationship between the supply and demand of ecosystem services ...(ESs). Four types of ESs were chosen for the Hexi region in this study: food supply, carbon sequestration, water yield, wind erosion control and sediment retention. We assessed the supply-demand and matching relationships of different ESs using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Service and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model, the ESs supply-demand ratio and the four-quadrant model. Moreover, we also analyzed the supply-demand ratio of integrated ESs and their cold spots. The findings suggest that (1) from 2000 to 2020, the average supply of food supply, carbon sequestration, water yield, wind erosion control and sediment retention increased by 44.31 t/km
, 128.44 t/hm
, 14,545.94 m
/km
and 0.14 kg/m
respectively, which showed a spatial pattern of "high in the southeast and low in the northwest". The average demand for food supply and carbon sequestration increased by 1.33 t/km
and 0.32 t/hm
respectively, while the average demand for water yield and wind erosion control and sediment retention decreased by 2997.25 m
/km
and 1.19 kg/km
respectively. The spatial distribution is consistent with the layout of population density, production and residential areas, and fragile ecological areas. (2) The supply-demand ratio of food supply, carbon sequestration and water yield is greater than 0.095, which is in a state of oversupply, and the supply-demand ratio of wind erosion control and sediment retention is less than 0, which is in a state of shortage; all ESs are mainly in low-low spatial matching areas, mainly concentrated in the desert areas of the northwest in the Hexi region. (3) The supply-demand ratio of integrated ESs increased by 0.024, and the proportion of cold spots and sub-cold spots was more than 50% and concentrated in the northwest, while hot spots and sub-hot spots accounted for only about 16%, mainly distributed in the southern Qilian Mountains and some oasis areas.
Wheat bran, an important by-product of the cereal industry, is rich in potentially health-promoting phenolic compounds. In this paper, the phenolic compounds from wheat bran were extracted by ...ultrasound-assisted extraction technology. The experiments were carried out according to a five level, three variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD), and the best possible combination of solvent concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time with the application of ultrasound, for maximum extraction of phenolic compounds from wheat bran, was obtained, through response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: ethanol concentration, 64%; extraction temperature, 60
°C; and extraction time, 25
min; and the extraction time was the most significant parameter for the process. Under the above-mentioned conditions, the experimental total phenolic content was 3.12
mg gallic acid equivalents/g of wheat bran tested, which is well matched with the predicted content.
Sarcopenia is an age‐related disease and is often accompanied by other diseases. Now, many studies have shown that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) may raise the incidence rate of sarcopenia. ...Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CVDs compared with the general population, defined as relatively healthy non‐hospitalized subjects. The databases of PubMed, Embase, Medline and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies published up to 12 November 2022. Two assessment tools were used to evaluate study quality and the risk of bias. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA 14.0 and R Version 4.1.2. Thirty‐eight out of the 89 629 articles retrieved were included in our review. The prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 10.1% to 68.9% in patients with CVDs, and the pooled prevalence was 35% (95% confidence interval 95% CI: 28–42%). The pooled prevalence of sarcopenia was 32% (95% CI: 23–41%) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), 61% (95% CI: 49–72%) in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), 43% (95% CI: 2–85%) in patients with coronary artery disease, 30% (95% CI: 25–35%) in patients with cardiac arrhythmia (CA), 35% (95% CI: 10–59%) in patients with congenital heart disease and 12% (95% CI: 7–17%) in patients with unclassed CVDs. However, in the general population, the prevalence of sarcopenia varied from 2.9% to 28.6% and the pooled prevalence was 13% (95% CI: 9–17%), suggesting that the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CVDs was about twice compared with the general population. The prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly higher only in patients with ADHF, CHF and CA compared with the general population. There is a positive correlation between CVDs and sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in patients with CVDs than that in the general population. With global aging, sarcopenia has brought a heavy burden to individuals and society. Therefore, it is important to identify the populations with high‐risk or probable sarcopenia in order to do an early intervention, such as exercise, to counteract or slow down the progress of sarcopenia.
Both nighttime systolic blood pressure and pulse rate are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, nighttime double product (DP), which is the product ...of nighttime systolic blood pressure and pulse rate, has not yet been investigated in this context. The present study aimed to explore the prognostic value of nighttime DP for adverse outcomes in patients with CKD and hypertension.
This retrospective cohort study included a total of 1434 patients with nondialysis CKD complicated by hypertension. The patients were enrolled in Zhuhai and Guangzhou, China, with a median follow-up of 23.8 months. Patient enrollment for the high or low nighttime DP group was performed on the basis of the cutoff value determined by time-dependent receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. The primary end point was a composite of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, and the secondary end point was all-cause death and composite renal end point. The 24-hour circadian DP rhythm was established via multiple-component cosinor analysis. Cox regression was used to explore the association between nighttime DP and adverse outcomes. The DP of nondialysis patients with CKD and hypertension showed a diurnal rhythm, which varied with renal function. After adjustment, high nighttime DP was associated with a higher risk for major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (hazard ratio HR, 5.823 95% CI, 2.382-14.233), all-cause death (HR, 4.978 95% CI, 2.205-11.240), and composite renal event (HR, 1.661 95% CI, 1.128-2.447), compared with low nighttime DP. These associations were independent of nighttime systolic blood pressure and PR.
The present cohort study demonstrated that DP had diurnal fluctuations and nighttime DP was an important prognostic factor in nondialysis patients with CKD and hypertension, outperforming traditional risk factors, including systolic blood pressure and pulse rate.
The ultraviolet (UV) emission from the Au-coated ZnO films was greatly enhanced and the visible emission was significantly suppressed compared with the un-coated ZnO films. Great changes in ...photoluminescence of ZnO films are attributed to the electron transfer between conduction band and defect levels through the localized surface plasmons. The increase of electron density in conduction band causes enhanced UV emission, while the decrease in electron density in defect level leads to the suppression of the visible emission. Such ZnO films with enhanced UV emission have potential applications in the highly efficient solid state emitters.
The mortality risk varies considerably among individual dialysis patients. This study aimed to develop a user-friendly predictive model for predicting all-cause mortality among dialysis patients.
...Retrospective data regarding dialysis patients were obtained from two hospitals. Patients in training cohort (
= 1421) were recruited from the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, and patients in external validation cohort (
= 429) were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The follow-up endpoint event was all-cause death. Variables were selected by LASSO-Cox regression, and the model was constructed by Cox regression, which was presented in the form of nomogram and web-based tool. The discrimination and accuracy of the prediction model were assessed using
-indexes and calibration curves, while the clinical value was assessed by decision curve analysis (DCA).
The best predictors of 1-, 3-, and 5-year all-cause mortality contained nine independent factors, including age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, urine volume, hemoglobin (HGB), albumin (ALB), and pleural effusion (PE). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year
-indexes in the training set (0.840, 0.866, and 0.846, respectively) and validation set (0.746, 0.783, and 0.741, respectively) were consistent with comparable performance. According to the calibration curve, the nomogram predicted survival accurately matched the actual survival rate. The DCA showed the nomogram got more clinical net benefit in both the training and validation sets.
The effective and convenient nomogram may help clinicians quantify the risk of mortality in maintenance dialysis patients.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Aeroelastic wind tunnel test was carried out on scaled model of a cable stayed bridge.•Influence of viscous dampers on the wind-resistant behavior was investigated.•Comparison tests were conducted ...with and without viscous dampers.
Wind and seismic resistance design are two critical elements in structural design of long-span cable stayed bridges. In order to investigate the influences of the originally equipped seismic viscous dampers on the wind-resistant performance of bridges, full bridge aeroelastic wind tunnel tests have been carried out on the overall scaled model of Hangzhou Bay Cable Stayed Bridge. It is found that the bridge exhibits good wind-resistant performance, while seismic viscous dampers have very minor effects on the vertical buffeting displacement of the mid-span girder. The study also shows that optimizing the damper parameters could only slightly improve the ability of the dampers to reduce wind vibrations. Therefore, when designing long span cable stayed bridges, the bridge seismic design and wind-resistant design can be carried out separately, without considering the wind-resistant effects of the dampers which aim at dissipating earthquake energy.
Diabetes nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, and podocyte injury is the central contributor to the progression of DN. Despite the emerging evidence that ...has established the importance of podocyte endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pathogenesis of DN, abnormal protein O-GlcNAcylation is also augmented. Currently, the mechanism associating these two hyperglycemia-induced disorders remains poorly understood. This study intended to elucidate whether ER stress drives hyper-protein O-GlcNAcylation to cause podocyte injury in DN. We used both type 1 and type 2 DN models to confirm the occurrence of ER stress and excessive protein O-GlcNAcylation, and then podocyte purification was also conducted for further investigation. Nephroseq V5 data were mined and in vitro studies were applied to reveal the involvement of ER stress and hyper-O-GlcNAcylation in podocyte injury. Our results indicated that ER stress was induced in both type 1 and type 2 DN, and the human RNA-seq data from Nephroseq V5 showed that O-GlcNAcylation-related genes were significantly upregulated in the DN patients. We further demonstrated that ER stress occurred prior to hyper-O-GlcNAc modification and that pharmacologically inhibited protein O-GlcNAcylation can help decrease the podocyte apoptosis induced by hyperglycemia. Together, these discoveries will aid in uncovering the activation of the ER stress-O-GlcNAcylation axis in podocyte injury under DN, which will help open up new therapeutic approaches for preventing DN progression.
This study aimed to investigate the clinical features, pathogenic gene variants, and potential genotype-phenotype correlations in Chinese patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS). Retrospective ...analysis of clinical data and molecular genetic characteristics was conducted on patients diagnosed with HS at Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Pingxiang People's Hospital and The Third People's Hospital of Jingdezhen between November 2017 and June 2023. Statistical analyses were performed to compare and analyze the red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) data between and within groups based on different mutations and age groups (< 14 and greater than or equal to 14 years). A total of 34 HS patients were included in this study, comprising 22 children (64.70%) and 12 adults (35.30%). The probands who underwent genetic testing were derived from 34 unrelated families. Thirty-two variants were tested and 9 of them are novel. Eighteen cases had ANK1 variants, 15 had SPTB variants, and 1 had SLC4A1 variant. 25 patients performed core family members underwent genetic testing, 17 (68.0%, 17/25) were de novo, 5 (20.0%, 5/25) were maternally inherited, and 3 (12.0%, 3/25) were paternally inherited. ANK1-HS patients exhibited more severe anemia compared to cases with SPTB-HS, showing lower levels of RBC and HB (P < 0.05). Anemia was more severe in patients diagnosed in childhood than in those diagnosed in adulthood. Within the ANK1-HS group, MCH levels in adult patients was significantly higher than those in children (P < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in RBC, HB, MCV, and MCHC levels between two groups. Adult patients with SPTB-HS had significantly higher levels of RBC, HB, and MCH than pediatric patients (P < 0.05), while MCV and MCHC levels showed no significant statistical differences. This study conducted a comparative analysis of phenotypic characteristics and molecular genetics in adult and pediatric patients diagnosed with HS, confirming that pediatric ANK1-HS patients exhibit a more severe anemic phenotype compared to SPTB-HS patients, while the severity of HS in adults does not significantly differ between different causative genes.
PDF
