To assess the influence of angle kappa (κ) and angle alpha (α) on visual quality after multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.
Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, ...China.
Prospective case series.
Patients with cataract had phacoemulsification with TECNIS Symfony IOL implantation. The preoperative angle κ and angle α were measured using the iTrace device. Distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities were recorded 3 months postoperatively. The Optical Quality Analyzing System was used to measure the objective scatter index (OSI), modulation transfer function (MTF) cutoff frequency, and Strehl ratio. A patient questionnaire was also administered.
The study comprised 29 patients (57 eyes). Monocularly, the mean postoperative logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) uncorrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities were 0.03 ± 0.09 (SD), 0.05 ± 0.11, and 0.11 ± 0.09, respectively. The mean postoperative logMAR corrected distance, distance-corrected intermediate, and distance-corrected near visual acuities were −0.01 ± 0.05, 0.04 ± 0.09, and 0.11 ± 0.08, respectively. The mean OSI, MTF cutoff, and Strehl ratio were 1.27 ± 0.84, 32.03 ± 10.80 cycles per degree, and 0.17 ± 0.05, respectively. The OSI (r = 0.398, P = .005), MTF (r = −0.437, P = .002), and Strehl ratio (r = −0.419, P = .003) values were significantly correlated with angle κ. There was no correlation with angle α.
Angle κ affected the objective visual quality multifocal after IOL implantation. The decision to implant a multifocal IOL should be carefully considered for patients with a large angle κ.
Background & Aims Macrophages mediate the epithelial response to Helicobacter pylori and are involved in the development of gastritis. Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) regulates gastric epithelial ...differentiation and function, but little is known about its immunoregulatory role in the stomach. We investigated whether gastric Shh acts as a macrophage chemoattractant during the innate immune response to H pylori infection. Methods Mice with parietal cell–specific deletion of Shh ( PC-Shh KO ) and control mice were infected with H pylori . Levels of gastric Shh, cytokines, and chemokines were assayed by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or by a Luminex-based multiplex assay 2, 7, or 180 days after infection. Circulating concentrations of Shh were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bone marrow chimera experiments were performed with mice that have myeloid cell–specific deletion of the Hedgehog signal transduction protein Smoothened ( LysMCre/Smo KO ). Macrophage recruitment was measured in gastric tissue and peripheral blood by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Results Control mice infected with H pylori for 6 months developed an inflammatory response characterized by infiltration of CD4+ T cells and increased levels of interferon gamma and interleukin 1β in the stomach. PC-Shh KO mice did not develop gastritis, even after 6 months of infection with H pylori . Control mice had increased concentrations of Shh, accompanied by the recruitment of CD11b+ F4/80+ Ly6Chigh macrophages 2 days after infection. Control mice that received bone marrow transplants from control mice had an influx of macrophages to the gastric mucosa in response to H pylori infection; this was not observed in H pylori –infected control mice that received bone marrow transplants from LysMCre/Smo KO mice. Conclusions H pylori induces release of Shh from the stomach; Shh acts as a macrophage chemoattractant during initiation of gastritis.
In this paper, we investigate the effect of the filter for the hyperbolic moment equations (HME) (Cai et al. in Commun Pure Appl Math 67(3):464–518,
2014
; Cai et al. in SIAM J Sci Comput ...35(6):A2807–A2831,
2013
) of the Vlasov–Poisson equations and propose a novel quasi time-consistent filter to suppress the numerical recurrence effect. By taking properties of HME into consideration, the filter preserves a lot of physical properties of HME, including Galilean invariance and conservation of mass, momentum and energy. We present two viewpoints—collisional viewpoint and dissipative viewpoint—to dissect the filter, and show that the filtered hyperbolic moment method can be treated as a solver of the Vlasov equation. Numerical simulations of the linear Landau damping and two stream instability demonstrate the effectiveness of the filter in restraining recurrence arising from particle streaming. Both the analysis and the numerical results indicate that the filtered method can capture the evolution of the Vlasov equation, even when phase mixing and filamentation dominate.
•This paper investigated the effect of hydrogen addition on gas utilization in BF.•The effect of hydrogen addition on the heat effect of reduction has been analyzed.•This paper has obtained the ...effect of H2 addition on rate and degree of reduction.•The effect of temperature on the reduction behavior of pellets has been analyzed.•The optimum H2 content of gas-injection BF should be 5%–10%.
Based on the technology of gas-injection in blast furnace (BF), the thermodynamics and kinetics of ore reduction with H2 assistance were investigated. The results show that the gas utilization decreases with H2 addition below 847°C, and the situation is opposite above 847°C. In addition, it also exhibits a greater promotion on the gas utilization when the H2 adds from 0% to 10% against 20% to 30%. The reduction rate increase with H2 addition, however, the gas utilization will decrease when H2 content surpasses 15% at 1000°C. In terms of the energy distribution, it is not necessary that iron oxides are completely reduced at lumpish section in BF smelting. Giving a synthetically consideration for the effect of H2 addition on the reduction rate, gas utilization and reasonable distribution of the energy in gas-injection BF, the H2 content should be controlled in the range of 5%–10%.
Abstract
Objective
There is an urgent need for novel biomarkers that are inexpensive, effective and easily accessible to complement the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed ...to analyze the relationship between serum gamma-glutamate-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index, fibrosis index based on four factors and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, and to determine the optimal cut-offs for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma.
Methods
Based on a prospective cohort study, 44 215 participants who were cancer-free at baseline (2011–13) were included in the study. Cox proportional hazard models and receiver operating characteristics curves were used to analyze the diagnostic value and optimal cut-off value of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
Results
Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors can be used as early independent predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma risk. The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the fourth quantile of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio and alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index was 4.04 times (hazard ratio = 4.04, 95% confidence interval: 2.09, 7.80) and 2.59 times (hazard ratio = 2.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.45, 4.61), respectively, compared with the first quantile. With fibrosis index based on four factors first quantile as a reference, fibrosis index based on four factors fourth quantile had the highest risk (hazard ratio = 18.58, 95% confidence interval: 7.55, 45.72). Receiver operating characteristic results showed that fibrosis index based on four factors had a stronger ability to predict the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (area under curve = 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.80, 0.81), and similar results were shown for gender stratification. In the total population, the optimal cut-off values of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors were 0.208, 0.629 and 1.942, respectively.
Conclusions
Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors were independent predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Amongst them, fibrosis index based on four factors shows a stronger predictive ability for hepatocellular carcinoma risk, and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio and alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index can be used as complementary indicators.
Based on a prospective cohort study, this study concluded that gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase to platelet ratio, alkaline phosphatase-to-platelet ratio index and fibrosis index based on four factors are early predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma, which provides a simple method for early prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence.
The construction and investigation of dual-functional coordination polymers (CPs) with proton conduction and luminescence sensing is of great significance in clean energy and agricultural monitoring ...fields. In this work, an Mn-based coordination polymer (
Mn-CP
), namely, Mn
0.5
(HL) (H
2
L = HOOCC
6
H
4
C
6
H
4
CH
2
PO(OH)OCH
3
), was hydrothermally synthesized.
Mn-CP
has a one-dimensional (1D) chain structure, in which uncoordinated -COOH groups can serve as potential sites for fluorescence sensing. Moreover,
Mn-CP
shows good water and pH stabilities, offering the feasibility for proton conduction and sensing applications.
Mn-CP
displays comparatively high proton conductivity of 1.07 × 10
−4
S cm
−1
at 368 K and 95% relative humidity (RH), which is promising for proton conduction materials. Moreover, it can serve as a repeatable, highly selective, and visualized fluorescence sensor for detecting oxytetracycline (OTC). More importantly,
Mn-CP
reveals an amazing quantitative sensing of OTC in actual samples such as seawater, aquaculture freshwater, soil infiltration solutions, and tap water. This work proves the excellent application potential of dual-functional CPs in the field of clean energy and environmental protection, especially for the fluorescence detection of antibiotics in aquaculture systems.
The dual-functional
Mn-CP
not only exhibits relatively high proton conductivity of 1.07 × 10
−4
S cm
−1
at 368 K and 95% RH, but displays turn-off and quantitative luminescent sensing of OTC in actural aquaculture systems with satisfactory recoveries.
•A new PB@DPA-Ce-GMP@Van (PCV) multifunctional nanoplatform was constructed.•The ultrasensitive detection and real-time inactivation of bacteria were studied.•The combined antibacterial effect of ...PTT/PDT was realized in vitro.•A bacterial infection wound model was established to realize the combined antibacterial effect of PTT/PDT in vivo.
Given the increase in public safety incidents due to bacterial infections, sensitive detection and real-time inactivation of pathogenic bacteria have garnered increasing attention in the field of food safety, clinical diagnosis, and environmental monitoring. In this study, we constructed a “two-in-one” PB@DPA-Ce-GMP@Van (PCV) nanoplatform possessing enzyme-like properties and photothermal therapeutic (PTT) and photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) abilities for the detection and inactivation of pathogenic bacteria. PCV was captured on the surface of S. aureus to form a PCV/S. aureus complex. After centrifugation, PCV suspensions could catalyze non-fluorescent Amplex Red (AR) into fluorescent substrates and fluorescent scopolamine (SC) into non-fluorescent substrates. Hence, a ratiometric fluorescence probe with SC/AR reading was constructed for the sensitive detection of bacteria. The detection range reached 101–107 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL, and the detection limit was as low as 5.0 CFU/mL. Furthermore, approximately 99.7 % of free S. aureus can be inactivated by the PTT and PDT abilities of PCV. Thus, this nanoplatform exhibits a novel advantage in detecting and inactivating bacteria. Moreover, the bacterial infection wound model indicated that PVC exerts good disinfection ability. This study is of immense significance in the application of targeted sensing, eliminating bacterial infection, and even clinical therapy.
Cross-linked fibrin is deposited in tissues surrounding wounds, inflammatory sites, or tumors and serves not only as a supporting substratum for trafficking cells, but also as a structural barrier to ...invasion. While the plasminogen activator-plasminogen axis provides cells with a powerful fibrinolytic system, plasminogen-deleted animals use alternate proteolytic processes that allow fibrin invasion to proceed normally. Using fibroblasts recovered from wild-type or gene-deleted mice, invasion of three-dimensional fibrin gels proceeded in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent fashion. Consistent with earlier studies supporting a singular role for the membrane-anchored MMP, MT1-MMP, in fibrin-invasive events, fibroblasts from MT1-MMP-null mice displayed an early defect in invasion. However, MT1-MMP-deleted fibroblasts circumvented this early deficiency and exhibited compensatory fibrin-invasive activity. The MT1-MMP-independent process was sensitive to MMP inhibitors that target membrane-anchored MMPs, and further studies identified MT2-MMP and MT3-MMP, but not MT4-MMP, as alternate pro-invasive factors. Given the widespread distribution of MT1-, 2-, and 3-MMP in normal and neoplastic cells, these data identify a subset of membrane-anchored MMPs that operate in an autonomous fashion to drive fibrin-invasive activity.
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