One-dimensional (1D) tubular Ag/MnO x nanocomposites were synthesized by the solvothermal method via the Kirkendall effect between potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and Ag nanowire templates. The ...morphology and electrochemical performance of Ag/MnO x composites were tuned by varying the pH levels. Tubular MnO x nanosheets with ultrafine Ag nanoparticles were formed in an acidic environment (pH 0.76), whereas the Ag nanoparticles entrapped in amorphous MnO2 nanotubes were prepared in a neutral environment (pH 7.00). Based on a series of volume-dependent experiments, it was confirmed that the Kirkendall effect was involved in the formation of these morphologies. When tested as an electrode for supercapacitors, the hierarchical tubular Ag/MnO x nanosheet composites prepared in an acidic environment exhibited an optimized electrochemical performance, with specific capacitance of 180 F g–1 at current density of 0.1 A g–1, and still maintained 80% of initial capacity after 1000 cycles at current density of 1 A g–1. The proposed synthetic mechanism and the developed synthetic strategy may provide design guidelines for synthesizing other hierarchical transition metal/transition metal oxide nanocomposites.
The Wnt signaling pathway plays key roles in both embryogenesis and tumorigenesis. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein-6 (LRP6), a novel member of the expanding LDL receptor ...family, functions as an indispensable co-receptor for the Wnt signaling pathway. Although the role of LRP6 in embryonic development is now well established, its role in tumorigenesis is unclear. We report that LRP6 is readily expressed at the transcript level in several human cancer cell lines and human malignant tissues. Furthermore, using a retroviral gene transfer system, we find that stable expression of LRP6 in human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells alters subcellular beta-catenin distribution such that the cytosolic beta-catenin level is significantly increased. This is accompanied by a significant increase in Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and cell proliferation. Finally, we demonstrate that LRP6 expression promotes tumorigenesis in vivo. These results thus indicate that LRP6 may function as a potential oncogenic protein by modulating Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
Spatially compact development is crucial in utilizing territorial spatial planning tools to promote cities to achieve carbon peak and neutrality appropriately. So far, few studies have examined the ...relationship between spatial compactness (SC) and carbon emissions (CEs) from a zonal perspective. The present scrutiny is aimed at proposing a new CEs evaluation index, termed carbon performance (CP), and employing the spatial econometric model to examine the impact of SC on the CP. Research Findings: Sub-indicator of the SC exhibits dramatically varying implications in various phases. In the short-term, proximity (N) could lead to lessening the CP in the local area, but it could raise the CP in the surrounding regions, with the opposite effect long-term. The short-term effect of connectivity (J) incorporates into the CP growth in the local area and the CP reduction in the surrounding regions. Still, the long-term perspective has an inhibitory effect on the CP of the local area, while the impact on the surrounding areas turns into a promoting effect. Aggregation (M) continuously reduces carbon in the local and surrounding areas. The targeted policy implications are proposed based on the findings mentioned above.
•We proposed an idea and evaluation methodology of carbon performance (CP) to reflect environmental benefits bound by resource consumption and carbon emissions (CEs).•The spatial distribution of CP presents an obvious center-periphery feature.•The CP can be effectively reduced by regulating various spatial compactness (SC) sub-indices in different periods.•To achieve the carbon neutrality, various districts in a city must implement distinct compact development strategies.
The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family is composed of a class of cell surface endocytic receptors that recognize extracellular ligands and internalize them for degradation by lysosomes. ...In addition to LDLR, mammalian members of this family include the LDLR-related protein (LRP), the very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), the apolipoprotein E receptor-2 (apoER2), and megalin. Herein we have analyzed the endocytic functions of the cytoplasmic tails of these receptors using LRP minireceptors, its chimeric receptor constructs, and full-length VLDLR and apoER2 stably expressed in LRP-null Chinese hamster ovary cells. We find that the initial endocytosis rates mediated by different cytoplasmic tails are significantly different, with half-times of ligand internalization ranging from less than 30 s to more than 8 min. The tail of LRP mediates the highest rate of endocytosis, whereas those of the VLDLR and apoER2 exhibit least endocytosis function. Compared with the tail of LRP, the tails of the LDLR and megalin display significantly lower levels of endocytosis rates. Ligand degradation analyses strongly support differential endocytosis rates initiated by these receptors. Interestingly apoER2, which has recently been shown to mediate intracellular signal transduction, exhibited the lowest level of ligand degradation efficiency. These results thus suggest that the endocytic functions of members of the LDLR family are distinct and that certain receptors in this family may play their main roles in areas other than receptor-mediated endocytosis.
The low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-deleted in tumor (LRP1B, initially referred to as LRP-DIT) was cloned
and characterized as a candidate tumor suppressor. It is a new member of the ...low density lipoprotein receptor gene family.
Its overall domain structure and large size (â¼600 kDa) are similar to LRP and suggest that it is a multifunctional cell surface
receptor. Herein, we characterize a series of ligands for the receptor using cell lines that stably express it as a domain
IV minireceptor (mLRP1B4). Ligands of LRP including receptor-associated protein, urokinase plasminogen activator, tissue-type
plasminogen activator, and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 each demonstrate binding, internalization, and degradation
via mLRP1B4. Interestingly, the kinetics of ligand endocytosis is distinctly different from that of LRP, with LRP1B exhibiting
a markedly diminished internalization rate. In addition, tissue expression analysis reveals that the LRP1B gene is expressed
in brain, thyroid, and salivary gland. These studies thus extend the physiological roles of members of the LDL receptor family.
•Silicone surfactant has excellent performance in reducing the surface tension of foam liquid.•Hydrophilic SiO2 nanoparticles were modified to improve the stability of foam.•The addition of ...nanoparticles has a influence on the foam performance of hydrocarbon surfactants.•CTAB combined with nanoparticles can play a key role in stabilizing the foam.
Foam has been widely used in coal mine dust control. However, its instability is still an issue in its application, and some surfactants components in foaming agents, such as fluorocarbons, are harmful to the environment. In this study, the environmentally friendly alkyl glycoside(APG0814) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) were used as the foaming agents, and modified hydrophilic SiO2 nanoparticles were added to improve foam stability. Also, the surface tension, foam properties, contact angle and intermolecular interaction of APG0814/CTAB/SiO2 dispersion were studied. The experimental results showed that the appropriate concentration of CTAB combined with nanoparticles played a key role in stabilizing the foam. The surface tension of the foaming liquid increased with the increase in nanoparticles and CTAB, leading to the deterioration of foaming properties. The silicone surfactant GT-248 was added to the APG0814/CTAB/SiO2 dispersion to further improve the surface activity of the foaming agent, and the effects of the silicone surfactant on the surface tension, foam properties, and wettability were studied systematically. The experimental results showed that the surface tension of the foaming agent decreased, and the foaming and wettability increased with the increase in silicone surfactant concentration. By the synergistic action of nanoparticles and surfactants, long-lasting and stable foam, fast coal dust deposition rate and low contact angle can be obtained. Among them, 0.8 wt%GT-248 was added to achieve the best surface activity, foaming ability and wettability. These fundamental results might guide the application of silicone surfactants combined with nanoparticle-hydrocarbon surfactants in mine dust control.
In this report, using atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique, TiO2 layer with different thickness is conformally deposited on the surface of MoO3 nanobelts for enhanced-performance anode. ...Impressively, the MoO3@85-TiO2 (85 cycles coating) nanobelts anode shows its best comprehensive value: The initial Coulombic efficiency (CE) dramatically increases from 44% to 73% compared to bare MoO3 electrode; It also delivers highest initial specific capacity of 1153.7 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1, which is superior to the uncoated MoO3 (427.3 mAh g−1). Additionally, MoO3@85-TiO2 nanobelts show a remarkable long-life stability from initial 913.6 to 935.8 mAh g−1 after 400 charge-discharge cycles at 400 mA g−1. The advanced TEM characterizations reveal that the TiO2 layer can experience a transition from amorphous into crystalline Li2Ti2O4 with cubic structure (a = 8.375 Å) during cycling, which are acted as an efficient lithium ion conductor. Furthermore, the quantified mechanical properties demonstrate a remarkable decrease in the bending elastic modulus of MoO3@85-TiO2 nanobelts compared to that of pristine MoO3. Therefore, the boosted electrochemical performance can be attributed to efficient lithium ions transportation across the moderate conductor layer and robust mechanical integrity that the large volume variation. These results advance the understanding in the coating regulated materials for enhanced-performance LIBs.
In this work, amorphous TiO2 layer with different thickness (sub 10 nm) is homogenously coated MoO3 nanobelts by atomic layer deposition method. As an anode for LIBs, compared to the bare MoO3 nanobelts, the MoO3@85 cycles TiO2 nanobelts show a remarkable boosted capacitance and long-life stability, which is attributed to the high interfacial Li + transport paths and mechanical integrity regulated by the ultrathin layer. Display omitted
•MoO3 nanobelts are precisely coated with amorphous TiO2 via ALD method.•Optimized thickness of TiO2 with ∼ 3 nm was obtained (ALD 85 cycles).•The MoO3@85 cycles TiO2 nanobelts show boosted capacitance and long-life stability.•Boosting the capacity is attributed to the efficient Li+ transport paths.•The TiO2 buffer layer modification accommodate the repeated volume expansion.
The pseudocapacitive materials, like spinel NiCo2O4 (NCO), that use Faradaic reactions to store charge have been widespread paid attention for supercapacitors application. So, it is a basic ...fundamental guideline that the preparation of higher-performance pseudocapacitive materials depends on achieving and accelerating more Faradaic reactions in the aspect of electrodes. In this work, based on the mentioned principle, we report a facile method that could significantly promote the capacity of NiCo2O4 nanoelectrode through annealing precursor nanowires (NWs) in different volume ratios of N2 and O2 condition. The pristine NCO (VN2: VO2 = 0:1) only exhibited inferior performance with a specific capacitance of 0.88 F cm−2 (338.5 F g-1 at 2 mA cm−2) and capacitive retention of 54% from 2 to 30 mA cm−2. While, for a comparison, the highest comprehensive performance of NCO-9 (VN2:VO2 = 9:1) electrodes delivered superior specific capacitance of 3.8 F cm−2 (1461 F g-1 at 2 mA cm−2), excellent rate retention of 77% and good cycling stability. These boosted pseudocapacitive properties both in capacity and rate capability are attributed to the severe oxygen vacancy defects introduced in nitrided NCO NWs. The involving richness-enabled oxygen defects significantly enhance the electron/ions transportation, and then efficiently alter the well-known capacitive surfacial reaction into bulk pattern in the charge-discharge cycles. This dramatically increased electron/ions kinetics and electrochemical cites for Faradaic reactions. These results provide a deep insight into correlating oxygen vacancies induced structural and chemical evolution on enhanced capacitive performances of redox-active-NiCo2O4 materials.
Flexible electronic fabrics urgently need to solve the problem of adhesion between the conductive layer and the fabric substrates. Inspired by phenamine bionics, we designed and fabricated copper ...nanoparticle conductive network/nylon 6 woven fabric (CNNs/NWF) wearable heaters through rapid co‐deposited of tannic acid and polyethyleneimine (PEI) by using CuSO4/H2O2 as a trigger. The grafted TA/PEI interface is capable of anchoring on the fabric surface via covalent and non‐covalent bonds on the one hand and providing an ideal platform to absorb and reduce catalyst Ag+ to facilitate subsequent electroless deposition on the other. Furthermore, the electrical heater could rise temperature from 14.6 to 152.6°C within 90 s under 1.5 V voltage, better than that of recently reported literature. The heater had a splendid conductivity (sheet resistance R0 ≈ 0.0086 Ω sq−1) and remain stable after 1000 bending cycle tests (normalized resistance R/R0 ≈ 2.5). Furthermore, the heater could meet 50 standard washing tests, satisfying the essential needs of the wearable devices. The deviation between the simulated data and the measured data was no more than 10% by the simulation of the finite elemental analysis. This study might provide a viable source for wearable heating devices.
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