Abstract Aims This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of liver resection (LR) and percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) for single hepatocellular carcinoma ≤3 cm (HCC) in ...cirrhotic livers. Methods In this study, 190 patients with single HCC ≤3 cm and Child-Pugh A cirrhosis were retrospectively reviewed. Among these patients, 122 patients underwent LR, and 68 patients received PMCT. The therapeutic efficacy and complications were compared between the two procedures. Results There was no treatment-related hospital mortality in either group. Major complications were significantly more frequent in the LR group compared to the PMCT group (22.1% vs 5.9%, p = 0.004). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates for the LR group and PMCT group were 98.4%, 93.6%, 55.2% and 97.1%, 87.7%, 51%, respectively. There was no significant difference in OS rates between the LR group and PMCT group ( p = 0.153). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates were 96.7%, 70.5% and 43.7%, respectively, in the LR group, which were significantly higher compared to the PMCT group (92.6%, 50.5% and 26.3%, p = 0.006). Subgroup analyses revealed that HCC patients with portal hypertension (PH), OS and DFS were similar between the two groups. Conclusions LR may provide better DFS and lower recurrence rates than PMCT for single HCC ≤3 cm and Child-Pugh A cirrhosis. For HCC patients with PH, PMCT may provide therapeutic effects that are similar to LR.
Deformation twins in twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels have been considered in the literature as the source of back stress and kinematic hardening, which contribute considerably to the flow ...stress. Nevertheless, it is demonstrated in the present work that the contribution of twins to the flow stress is limited. Instead, dislocations, via forest hardening, account for up to ~90% of the flow stress increment after yielding in the present TWIP steel. In other words, dislocation evolution dominates the work-hardening rate of TWIP steels.
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The cross section of the e+e−→Λc+Λ¯c− process is measured with unprecedented precision using data collected with the BESIII detector at /¯s=4574.5, 4580.0, 4590.0 and 4599.5 MeV. The nonzero cross ...section near the Λc+Λ¯c− production threshold is cleared. At center-of-mass energies /¯s=4574.5 and 4599.5 MeV, the higher statistics data enable us to measure the Λc polar angle distributions. From these, the Λc electric over magnetic form-factor ratios (|GE/GM|) are measured for the first time. They are found to be 1.14±0.14±0.07 and 1.23±0.05±0.03, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.
A
bstract
The full data set of the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is used to probe the effect of the charged current non-standard interactions (CC-NSI) on neutrino oscillation experiments. Two ...different approaches are applied and constraints on the corresponding CC-NSI parameters are obtained with the neutrino flux taken from the Huber-Mueller model with a 5% uncertainty. For the quantum mechanics-based approach (QM-NSI), the constraints on the CC-NSI parameters
ϵ
eα
and
ϵ
eα
s
are extracted with and without the assumption that the effects of the new physics are the same in the production and detection processes, respectively. The approach based on the weak effective field theory (WEFT-NSI) deals with four types of CC-NSI represented by the parameters
ε
X
eα
. For both approaches, the results for the CC-NSI parameters are shown for cases with various fixed values of the CC-NSI and the Dirac CP-violating phases, and when they are allowed to vary freely. We find that constraints on the QM-NSI parameters
ϵ
eα
and
ϵ
eα
s
from the Daya Bay experiment alone can reach the order
O
(0.01) for the former and
O
(0.1) for the latter, while for WEFT-NSI parameters
ε
X
eα
, we obtain
O
(0.1) for both cases.
The effect of applied stress on the crevice corrosion of 304 stainless steel in 3.5 wt% solution is investigated. The delayed and immediate crevice corrosion of 304 stainless steel could occur under ...various applied stresses and different polarized potential. Both these two types of crevice corrosion are developed from the evolution of metastable pits. The lifetime of metastable pits is prolonged with the increased stress and the secondary metastable pit is observed under 400 MPa applied stress. This contributes to increased probability of metastable pits transiting to stable pits and then promotes crevice corrosion development with the increased stress.
•Crevice corrosion of 304 stainless steel is developed from metastable pits.•The concentration of defects in passive film increases with the increased stress.•The applied stress could drastically extend the lifetime of metastable pits.•Secondary metastable pit can be induced by applied plastic stress.•Array reference electrodes can monitor evolution of metastable pit inside crevice.
Searches for electron antineutrino, muon neutrino, and muon antineutrino disappearance driven by sterile neutrino mixing have been carried out by the Daya Bay and MINOS+ collaborations. This Letter ...presents the combined results of these searches, along with exclusion results from the Bugey-3 reactor experiment, framed in a minimally extended four-neutrino scenario. Significantly improved constraints on the θμe mixing angle are derived that constitute the most constraining limits to date over five orders of magnitude in the mass-squared splitting Δm241, excluding the 90% C.L. sterile-neutrino parameter space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE observations at 90% CLs for Δm241 < 13 eV2. Furthermore, the LSND and MiniBooNE 99% C.L. allowed regions are excluded at 99% CLs for Δm241 < 1.6 eV2.
Traditionally, optical vortices (OVs) were generated with diffractive optical elements (DOEs) such as spiral phase plate (SPP), fork grating, spatial light modulator (SLM), and liquid crystal display ...(LCD). Here, a method was proposed for generating OVs by employing all-dielectric polarization-insensitive metasurfaces with cylinder arrays, which have high transmission efficiency. The polarization insensitivity of the metasurfaces was illustrated with the incidence of two pairs of orthogonal polarization, both the phase and transmission efficiency were consistent for the cylinder unit cell, and similar OVs were generated with the cylinder array. The topological charges of the generated OVs can be adjusted through the design of the metasurfaces. OVs with additional characteristics as vector beams, focused beams and Bessel beams were further generated. This work has potential applications in beam shaping, optical tweezers, and optical communication.
Dapsone is an important medication for the treatment of leprosy, but a life-threatening drug hypersensitivity syndrome develops in some patients. In this report from China, an
HLA-B
locus is ...identified as a strong genetic risk factor for the syndrome.
Dapsone (4-4′-sulfonyldianiline), which was first synthesized in 1908,
1
is both an antibiotic and an antiinflammatory agent. Dapsone alone or in combination with other drugs has been used for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases (e.g., leprosy, malaria, and actinomycetoma, as well as
Pneumocystis jirovecii
pneumonia in persons with human immunodeficiency virus HIV infection) and chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by the infiltration of neutrophils or eosinophils (e.g., dermatitis herpetiformis, linear IgA dermatosis, subcorneal pustular dermatosis, and erythema elevatum diutinum).
2
,
3
About 0.5 to 3.6% of persons treated with dapsone have a drug hypersensitivity syndrome,
3
–
5
which was first described by . . .
A symmetry-preserving approach to the two valence-body continuum bound-state problem is used to calculate the elastic electromagnetic form factors of the ρ-meson and subsequently to study the ...evolution of vector-meson form factors with current-quark mass. To facilitate a range of additional comparisons, K* form factors are also computed. The analysis reveals that vector mesons are larger than pseudoscalar mesons; composite vector mesons are nonspherical, with magnetic and quadrupole moments that deviate ∼30% from point-particle values; in many ways, vector-meson properties are as much influenced by emergent mass as those of pseudoscalars; and vector-meson electric form factors possess a zero at spacelike momentum transfer. Qualitative similarities between the electric form factors of the ρ and the proton, GEp, are used to argue that the character of emergent mass in the Standard Model can force a zero in GEp. Moreover, the existence of a zero in vector-meson electric form factors entails that a single-pole vector-meson dominance model can only be of limited use in estimating properties of off-shell vector mesons, providing poor guidance for systems in which the Higgs mechanism of mass generation is dominant.
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