We adapt the local density approximation to add the high-momentum tails (HMTs) to finite nuclei's Slater-determinant momentum distributions. The HMTs are extracted by the extended ...Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (EBHF) method or by the lowest order cluster approximation. With a correction factor being added to EBHF, it is sufficiently in agreement with the experimental benchmark, i.e., the high-momentum N/Z ratios approximately equal to 1, and the low-momentum N/Z ratios approximately equal to N/Z of the systems. It is also found that the tensor force makes the nucleon-nucleon correlations appear more easily on the nuclear surface region and the percentage of high-momentum (p>300 MeV/c) nucleons, around 17%–18%, independent of isospin asymmetry.
Abstract
A virus infection can be initiated with very few or even a single infectious virion, and as such can become extinct, i.e. stochastically fail to take hold or spread significantly. There are ...many ways that a fully competent infectious virion, having successfully entered a cell, can fail to cause a productive infection, i.e. one that yields infectious virus progeny. Though many stochastic models (SMs) have been developed and used to estimate a virus infection’s establishment probability, these typically neglect infection failure post virus entry. The SM presented herein introduces parameter
$$\gamma \in (0,1$$
γ
∈
(
0
,
1
which corresponds to the probability that a virion’s entry into a cell will result in a productive cell infection. We derive an expression for the likelihood of infection establishment in this new SM, and find that prophylactic therapy with an antiviral reducing
$$\gamma$$
γ
is at least as good or better at decreasing the establishment probability, compared to antivirals reducing the rates of virus production or virus entry into cells, irrespective of the SM parameters. We investigate the difference in the fraction of cells consumed by so-called extinct versus established virus infections, and find that this distinction becomes biologically meaningless as the probability of establishment approaches zero. We explain why the release of virions continuously over an infectious cell’s lifespan, rather than as a single burst at the end of the cell’s lifespan, does not result in an increased risk of infection extinction. We show, instead, that the number of virus released, not the timing of the release, affects infection establishment and associated critical antiviral efficacy.
Abstract
The tensor-force effects on the evolution of spin-orbit splittings in neutron drops are investigated within the framework of the relativistic Hartree-Fock theory. For a fair comparison on ...the pure mean-field level, the results of the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculation with the Bonn A interaction are adopted as meta-data. Through a quantitative analysis, we certify that the
-pseudovector (
-PV) coupling affects the evolutionary trend through the embedded tensor force. The strength of the tensor force is explored by enlarging the strength
of the
-PV coupling. It is found that weakening the density dependence of
is slightly better than enlarging it with a factor. We thus provide a semiquantitative support for the
renormalization persistency
of the tensor force within the framework of density functional theory. This will serve as important guidance for further development of relativistic effective interactions with particular focus on the tensor force.
Abstract
It is found that Andreev reflection provides a deterministic teleportation process at an ideal normal-superconductor interface, making it behave like an information mirror. However, it is ...challenging to control the Andreev reflection in a spatially-separated junction due to the mode mixing at the interface. We theoretically propose the laser-induced Andreev reflection between two-component Fermi superfluid and normal states without mode mixing via spatially-uniform Rabi couplings. By analyzing the tunneling current up to the fourth order, we find that the Andreev current exhibits unconventional non-Ohmic transport at zero temperature. The Andreev current gives the only contribution in the synthetic junction system at zero detunings regardless of the ratio of the chemical potential bias to the superfluid gap, which is in sharp contrast to that in conventional junctions. Our result may give a potential impact on theoretical and experimental study of quantum many-body phenomena, and also pave a way for understanding the black hole information paradox through the Andreev reflection as a quantum-information mirror.
We theoretically study the ground-state properties and the condensations of exciton-like Cooper pairs and biexciton-like Cooper quartets in an electron-hole system. Applying the quartet ...Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory to the four-component fermionic system consisting of spin-1/2 electrons and spin-1/2 holes, we show how Cooper pairs and quartet correlations appear in the equation of state at the thermodynamic limit. The biexciton-like four-body correlations survive even at the high-density regime as a many-body BCS-like state of Cooper quartets. Our results are useful for further understanding of exotic matter in the interdisciplinary context of quantum many-body physics with multiple degrees of freedom.
Symmetry plays a fundamental role in physics. The quasi-degeneracy between single-particle orbitals (n,l,j=l+1/2) and (n−1,l+2,j=l+3/2) indicates a hidden symmetry in atomic nuclei, the so-called ...pseudospin symmetry (PSS). Since the introduction of the concept of PSS in atomic nuclei, there have been comprehensive efforts to understand its origin. Both splittings of spin doublets and pseudospin doublets play critical roles in the evolution of magic numbers in exotic nuclei discovered by modern spectroscopic studies with radioactive ion beam facilities. Since the PSS was recognized as a relativistic symmetry in 1990s, many special features, including the spin symmetry (SS) for anti-nucleon, and many new concepts have been introduced. In the present Review, we focus on the recent progress on the PSS and SS in various systems and potentials, including extensions of the PSS study from stable to exotic nuclei, from non-confining to confining potentials, from local to non-local potentials, from central to tensor potentials, from bound to resonant states, from nucleon to anti-nucleon spectra, from nucleon to hyperon spectra, and from spherical to deformed nuclei. Open issues in this field are also discussed in detail, including the perturbative nature, the supersymmetric representation with similarity renormalization group, and the puzzle of intruder states.
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