Exosomes extracted from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was reported to reduce myocardial ischemia/reperfusion damage. Besides, stromal‐derived factor 1 (SDF1a) functions as cardiac repair after ...myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, the present study aims to identify whether exosomes (Exo) released from SDF1‐overexpressing MSCs display a beneficial effect on ischemic myocardial infarction. Initially, a gain‐of‐function study was performed to investigate the function of SDF1 in ischemic myocardial cells and cardiac endothelial cells. Coculture experiments were performed to measure potential exosomic transfer of SDF1 from MSCs to ischemic myocardial cells and cardiac endothelial cells. During the coculture experiments, exosome secretion was disrupted by neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor GW4869 and upregulated exosomal SDF1 using SDF1 plasmid. Effects of Exo‐SDF1 on cardiac function in MI mice were investigated in vivo. MSCs suppressed myocardial cell apoptosis and promoted microvascular regeneration of endothelial cells through secretion of exosomes. The addition of GW4869 led to increased apoptotic capacity of myocardial cells, decreased microvascular formation ability of endothelial cells, enhanced autophagy ability, and elevated Beclin‐1 level as well as ratio of LC3II/LC3I. Overexpression of SDF1 and Exo‐SDF1 inhibited apoptosis and autophagy of myocardial cells, but promoted tube formation of endothelial cells. The interference of PI3K signaling pathway promoted apoptosis and autophagy of myocardial cells, but inhibited tube formation of endothelial cells. SDF1 activated the PI3K signaling pathway. Exo‐SDF1 protected cardiac function of MI mice and inhibited myocardial tissue damage. This study provided evidence that SDF1 overexpression in MSCs‐derived exosomes inhibited autophagy of ischemic myocardial cells and promoted microvascular production of endothelial cells.
Stromal‐derived factor 1 (SDF1) overexpression in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)‐derived exosomes inhibited autophagy of ischemic myocardial cells and promoted microvascular production of endothelial cells.
There is no consensus on the antithrombotic treatment strategy for patients with coronary artery ectasia (CAE).
This case reports the dynamic observation of a patient for 48 mo after a diagnosis of ...CAE with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The first antithrombotic agents used were aspirin (100 mg/d) and clopidogrel (75 mg/d). During the sixth month of observation, a second AMI occurred involving the same culprit vessel; therefore, antithrombotic agents were changed to aspirin (100 mg/d) and ticagrelor (90 mg twice per day). Twelve months after the second AMI, an attempt to reduce the dosage ticagrelor failed; therefore the original dose was continued. The CAE was relatively stable during the following 4 years.
This case indicates that a combination of aspirin and ticagrelor may be more effective for CAE patients with AMI than aspirin and clopidogrel.
Abstract Objectives We conducted a prospective clinical randomized single-blind placebo-controlled trial (ChiCTR-TRC-14004156) to observe the effect of XiangBin granules on the recovery of ...gastrointestinal function and levels of brain-gut peptide motilin (MTL); vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP); growth hormone releasing peptide-ghrelin, GHRP-ghrelin, and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), after transabdominal gynecological surgery. Study Design Patients undergoing gynecologic abdominal surgery were randomly divided in a 2:1 ratio (according to the data of pre-trial which was a small sample randomized trial in gynecology inpatient) into two groups: the larger treatment group taking XiangBin granules, and the smaller placebo group taking Chinese herbal placebo. The aim was to observe anal exhaust time, time to defecation, and the change in level of brain-gut peptide. Result A significantly shorter time to first postoperative anal exhaust was observed in the treatment group. In the placebo group, the MTL level on the first day after surgery was lower than the preoperative level ( P < 0.05). In both groups, the GHRP-ghrelin level on the first postoperative day was lower than the preoperative level ( P < 0.05). In the treatment group, the GHRP-ghrelin level of the third day after surgery was higher than the first day after surgery ( P < 0.05). The CRH level on the first postoperative day was lower in the treatment group compared to the placebo group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion XiangBin granules can effectively promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function after surgery for gynecologic abdomen and promote GHRP-ghrelin and MTL recovery, and reduce the postoperative secretion of CRH.
Recent studies have reported increased red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been associated with adverse outcomes in heart failure and stable coronary disease. We investigated the association ...between RDW and risk of all-cause mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who were free of heart failure at baseline.
We enrolled 691 patients with STEMI who were free of heart failure at baseline confirmed by coronary angiography in Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2007 to December 2008. According to the median RDW at baseline (13.0%) on admission, the patients were divided into two groups: a low-RDW group (RDW <13.0%, n = 329) and a high-RDW group (RDW ≥13.0%, n = 362). All-cause mortality rates were compared between groups. Mean duration of follow-up was 41.8 months. The relation between RDW and clinical outcomes after hospital discharge were tested using Cox regression models, adjusting for clinical variables. At the same time, the sensitivity and specificity of RDW were analyzed by ROC analysis.
Forty-seven patients (6.8%) died during follow-up. The cumulative incidence of all-cause death was significantly higher in the high-RDW group than in the low-RDW group (log-rank p = 0.007). Multivariate analysis revealed that high RDW was associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 3.43; 95% confidence interval: 1.17-8.32; p = 0.025). The area under the ROC curve was 0.562.
From the statistical point of view, increased RDW is associated with all-cause and cardiac mortality rates in patients with STEMI who were free of heart failure at baseline. But RDW is a marker with a very low prognostic accuracy that does not seem to be clinically helpful.
Objective To compare clinical curative effects of open surgery （OS） or endovascular repair （EVAR） for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm （AAA） in China. Data sources We performed a comprehensive ...search of both English and Chinese literatures involving case studies on retrograde OS or EVAR of AAA in China from January 1976 to December 2010. Study selection According to the inclusion criteria, 76 articles were finally analyzed to compare patient characteristics, clinical success, complications, and prognosis. Results We analyzed a total of 2862 patients with 1757 undergoing OS （OS group） and 1105 undergoing EVAR （EVAR group）. There was no significant difference in the success rate of the procedures. Operative time, length of ICU stay, fasting time, duration of total postoperative stay, blood loss, and blood transfusion requirements during the procedure were significantly lower in the EVAR group. A 30-day follow up revealed more cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and visceral complications in the OS group （P 〈0.01）. Low-limb ischemia, however, was more common in the EVAR group （P 〈0.05）. The 30-day mortality rate, including aorta-related and non-aorta related mortality, was significantly lower in the EVAR group （P 〈0.01）. In the follow-up period, there were more patients with occlusions of artificial vessel and late endoleak in the EVAR group （P 〈0.01）. The overall late mortality rate was higher in the OS group （P 〈0.01）, especially non-aorta-related late mortality and mortality during the fourth to the sixth year （P 〈0.01）. Conclusions EVAR was safer and less invasive for AAA patients. Patients suffered fewer complications and recovered sooner. However, complications such as artificial vessel occlusion, low-limb ischemia, and endoleak were common in EVAR. Clinicians should carry out further research to solve these complications and improve the efficacy of EVAR.
Aim： SCT800 is a new third-generation recombinant FVill agent that is undergoing promising preclinical study. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of ...SCT800 in hemophilia A mice. Methods： After hemophilia A mice were intravenously injected with single dose of SCT800 （80, 180, and 280 IU/kg） or the commercially available product Xyntha （280 IU/kg）, pharmacokinetics profiles were evaluated based on measuring plasma FVIIh C. For pharmacodynamics study, dose-response curves of SCT800 and Xyntha （1-200 IU/kg） were constructed using a tail bleeding model monitoring both bleeding time and blood loss. Results： Pharmacokinetics profile analysis showed a dose independency of SCT800 ranging from 80 to 280 IU/kg and comparable pharmacokinetic profiles between SCT800 and Xyntha at the doses tested. Pharmacodynamics study revealed comparable ED50 values of SCT800 and Xyntha in the tail bleeding model： 14.78 and 15.81 IU/kg for bleeding time, respectively; 13.50 and 13.58 IU/kg for blood loss, respectively. Moreover, at the doses tested, the accompanying dose-related safety evaluation in the tail bleeding model showed lower hypercoagulable tendency and wider dosage range potential for SCT800 than Xyntha. Conclusion： In hemophilia A mice, SCT800 shows comparable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to Xyntha at the doses tested, and possibly with better safety properties.
BACKGROUNDThere is no consensus on the antithrombotic treatment strategy for patients with coronary artery ectasia (CAE). CASE SUMMARYThis case reports the dynamic observation of a patient for 48 mo ...after a diagnosis of CAE with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The first antithrombotic agents used were aspirin (100 mg/d) and clopidogrel (75 mg/d). During the sixth month of observation, a second AMI occurred involving the same culprit vessel; therefore, antithrombotic agents were changed to aspirin (100 mg/d) and ticagrelor (90 mg twice per day). Twelve months after the second AMI, an attempt to reduce the dosage ticagrelor failed; therefore the original dose was continued. The CAE was relatively stable during the following 4 years. CONCLUSIONThis case indicates that a combination of aspirin and ticagrelor may be more effective for CAE patients with AMI than aspirin and clopidogrel.
Peptide-appended pillarnarene (n = 5, 6) derivatives have been synthesized. 1H NMR and IR studies revealed that the molecules adopt a tubular conformation in solution and lipid bilayer membranes. ...Kinetic measurements using the fluorescent labeling method with lipid vesicles revealed that these molecules can efficiently mediate the transport of amino acids across lipid membranes at a very low channel-to-lipid ratio (EC50 = 0.002 mol %). In several cases, chiral selectivity for amino acid enantiomers was achieved, which is one of the key functions of natural amino acid channels.
Introduction
Migraine is a widespread neurological disorder characterised by recurrent moderate-to-severe headaches. These headaches can seriously affect patients’ daily life and work, especially ...during acute attacks when patients often need immediate pain relief. This study aims to assess the immediate analgesic effect of acupuncture for 10 min during acute migraine attacks.
Methods and analysis
The study will randomly divide 80 participants into either the acupuncture group or the sham acupuncture group with an allocation ratio of 1:1. Each group will receive 10 min of treatment, and the post-treatment evaluation will be performed after 0, 0–2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 min of acupuncture. The primary outcome is the pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score assessed before and after treatment at 10 min. Additionally, secondary outcomes include the pain VAS score assessed at 0–2, 4, 6 and 8 min, blinding assessment and treatment effectiveness expectations scale. Data will be collected at baseline time and the end of treatment (after 10 min). Adverse events during each treatment period will be collected and recorded.
Ethics and dissemination
Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine (2022–008). All participants will provide written informed consent before randomisation. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences.
Trial registration number
Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (ChiCTR2200066976).
Abstract
Despite its ultrahigh theoretical capacity and ultralow redox electrochemical potential, the practical application of lithium metal anodes is still hampered by severe dendrite growth and ...unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, a self‐assembled lithiophilic interface (SALI) for regulating Li electroplating behavior is constructed by introducing a meticulously synthesized Ni‐bis(dithiolene)‐based molecule (NiS
4
‐COOH) into a hybrid fluorinated ester‐ether electrolyte. The NiS
4
‐COOH molecules with carboxyl functional groups can spontaneously anchor on the Li metal surface to form a SALI, whose abundant Ni‐bis(dithiolene) sites can effectively reduce the initial Li deposition overpotential and guide the subsequent uniform Li electrodeposition. Moreover, due to the interaction between the coordination unsaturated Ni atom and the negatively charged PF
6
−
, the NiS
4
‐COOH additive can significantly change the ionic coordination environment in the electrolyte, which is greatly conducive to suppressing PF
6
−
decomposition, optimizing SEI composition and accelerating Li‐ion transfer. Consequently, the NiS
4
‐COOH‐modified electrolyte leads to impressive electrochemical performance of Li||LiFePO
4
and Li||LiNi
0.8
Co
0.1
Mn
0.1
O
2
batteries, delivering ultrahigh Coulombic efficiencies, considerable capacity retention, and good rate performance even at high areal active material loadings. This study presents the great potential of SALIs derived from multifunctional metal‐organic hybrid electrolyte additives toward high‐specific‐energy Li metal batteries.
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