3D live imaging is important for a better understanding of biological processes, but it is challenging with current techniques such as spinning-disk confocal microscopy. Bessel beam plane ...illumination microscopy allows high-speed 3D live fluorescence imaging of living cellular and multicellular specimens with nearly isotropic spatial resolution, low photobleaching and low photodamage. Unlike conventional fluorescence imaging techniques that usually have a unique operation mode, Bessel plane illumination has several modes that offer different performance with different imaging metrics. To achieve optimal results from this technique, the appropriate operation mode needs to be selected and the experimental setting must be optimized for the specific application and associated sample properties. Here we explain the fundamental working principles of this technique, discuss the pros and cons of each operational mode and show through examples how to optimize experimental parameters. We also describe the procedures needed to construct, align and operate a Bessel beam plane illumination microscope by using our previously reported system as an example, and we list the necessary equipment to build such a microscope. Assuming all components are readily available, it would take a person skilled in optical instrumentation ∼1 month to assemble and operate a microscope according to this protocol.
Researchers from several different countries have found the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) to have good psychometric properties. However, to our knowledge, no studies on this subject have been ...reported in Mainland China. In this study, we investigated the psychometric properties of the Chinese Mandarin version of the SRS when used in Mainland China.
The reliability and validity of the parent-report SRS in a sample of 749 children of 4- to 14-year-olds: 411 typically developing and 338 clinical participants (202 with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)) were examined.
Internal consistency for total scale (0.871-0.922), test-retest reliability (0.81-0.94), and convergent validity with the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) (0.302-0.647) were satisfactory. The SRS total score discriminated between the ASD and other developmental disorders. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed that the SRS was predicted to accurately classify 69.2-97.2% of youth ASD. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) supported a single-factor solution for the ASD subsample. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) did not confirm the theoretical construct of five factors model with inadequate fit in the ASD subsample.
Overall, our findings supported the reliability and validity of the parent-report SRS as one ASD screening instrument. In addition, we also suggest that the use of separate cut-offs for screening purposes (optimizing sensitivity) vs. clinical confirmation (optimizing specificity) should be considered.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper proposes a drowsiness-fatigue-detection system based on wearable smart glasses to increase road safety. The proposed system is composed of a pair of wearable smart glasses, an in-vehicle ...infotainment telematics platform, an on-board diagnostics-II-based automotive diagnostic bridge, an active vehicle rear light alert mechanism, and a cloud-based management platform. A dedicated miniature bandpass infrared (IR) light sensor is also proposed and implemented for the low-cost, lightweight, wearable smart glasses, which can provide a higher signal-to-noise ratio than a general commercial IR light sensor, minimize the ambient environmental light image, and efficiently increase the accuracy of detection. The proposed system can detect the status of the vehicle driver with respect to drowsiness or fatigue conditions in real time. When drowsiness or fatigue is detected, the active vehicle real light alert mechanism will automatically be flickered to alert following vehicles. The related information will also be concurrently transmitted to a cloud-based management platform. As a result, the proposed system can lead to increased road safety.
In this paper, we develop and put into practice an automatic optical inspection (AOI) system based on machine vision to check the holes on a printed circuit board (PCB). We incorporate the hardware ...and software. For the hardware part, we combine a PC, the three-axis positioning system, a lighting device, and charge-coupled device cameras. For the software part, we utilize image registration, image segmentation, drill numbering, drill contrast, and defect displays to achieve this system. Results indicated that an accuracy of 5 μm could be achieved in errors of the PCB holes allowing comparisons to be made. This is significant in inspecting the missing, the multi-hole, and the incorrect location of the holes. However, previous work only focuses on one or other feature of the holes. Our research is able to assess multiple features: missing holes, incorrectly located holes, and excessive holes. Equally, our results could be displayed as a bar chart and target plot. This has not been achieved before. These displays help users to analyze the causes of errors and immediately correct the problems. In addition, this AOI system is valuable for checking a large number of holes and finding out the defective ones on a PCB. Meanwhile, we apply a 0.1-mm image resolution, which is better than others used in industry. We set a detecting standard based on 2-mm diameter of circles to diagnose the quality of the holes within 10 s.
To report the 12-month results of the first human uterus transplantation case using robot-assisted uterine retrieval. This type of transplantation may become a treatment for permanent uterine factor ...infertility.
Case study.
University hospital.
A 22-year-old woman with complete müllerian agenesis who underwent a previous surgery for vaginal reconstruction. The live uterine donor was her mother.
The uterus transplantation procedure consisted of robot-assisted uterine procurement, orthotopic replacement and fixation of the retrieved uterus, revascularization, and end-to-side anastomoses of bilateral hypogastric arteries and ovarian-uterine vein to the bilateral external iliac arteries and veins.
Data from preoperative investigations, surgery, and follow-up (12 months).
The duration of the donor and recipient surgeries were 6 and 8 hours, 50 minutes, respectively. No immediate perioperative complications occurred in the recipient or donor. The recipient experienced menarche 40 days after transplant surgery, and she has had 12 menstrual cycles since the surgery. No rejection episodes occurred in the recipient.
These results demonstrate the feasibility of live-donor uterine transplantation with a low-dose immunosuppressive protocol and the role of DaVinci robotic assistance during human uterine procurement.
XJZT12Z06.
Most individuals involved in traffic accidents receive assistance from drivers, passengers, or other people. However, when a traffic accident occurs in a sparsely populated area or the driver is the ...only person in the vehicle and the crash results in loss of consciousness, no one will be available to send a distress message to the proper authorities within the golden window for medical treatment. Considering these issues, a method for detecting high-speed head-on and single-vehicle collisions, analyzing the situation, and raising an alarm is needed. To address such issues, this paper proposes a deep learning-based Internet of Vehicles (IoV) system called DeepCrash, which includes an in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) telematics platform with a vehicle self-collision detection sensor and a front camera, a cloud-based deep learning server, and a cloud-based management platform. When a head-on or single-vehicle collision is detected, accident detection information is uploaded to the cloud-based database server for self-collision vehicle accident recognition, and a related emergency notification is provided. The experimental results show that the accuracy of traffic collision detection can reach 96% and that the average response time for emergency-related announcements is approximately 7 s.
ABSTRACT
Vinculin is filamentous (F)‐actin‐binding protein enriched in integrin‐based adhesions to the extracellular matrix (ECM). Whereas studies in 2‐dimensional (2D) tissue culture models have ...suggested that vinculin negatively regulates cell migration by promoting cytoskeleton‐ECM coupling to strengthen and stabilize adhesions, its role in regulating cell migration in more physiologic, 3‐dimensional (3D) environments is unclear. To address the role of vinculin in 3D cell migration, we analyzed the morphodynamics, migration, and ECM remodeling of primary murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with cre/loxP‐mediated vinculin gene disruption in 3D collagen I cultures. We found that vinculin promoted 3D cell migration by increasing directional persistence. Vinculin was necessary for persistent cell protrusion, cell elongation, and stable cell orientation in 3D collagen, but was dispensable for lamellipodia formation, suggesting that vinculin‐mediated cell adhesion to the ECM is needed to convert actin‐based cell protrusion into persistent cell shape change and migration. Consistent with this finding, vinculin was necessary for efficient traction force generation in 3D collagen without affecting myosin II activity and promoted 3D collagen fiber alignment and macroscopical gel contraction. Our results suggest that vinculin promotes directionally persistent cell migration and tension‐dependent ECM remodeling in complex 3D environments by increasing cell‐ECM adhesion and traction force generation.—Thievessen, I., Fakhri, N., Steinwachs, J., Kraus, V., McIsaac, R. S., Gao, L., Chen, B.‐C., Baird, M. A., Davidson, M. W., Betzig, E., Oldenbourg, R., Waterman, C., M., Fabry, B. Vinculin is required for cell polarization, migration, and extracellular matrix remodeling in 3D collagen. FASEB J. 29, 4555‐4567 (2015). www.fasebj.org
The decisions made regarding traditional fish feeding systems mainly depend on experience and simple time control. Most previous works have focused on image-based analysis of the leftover feed at the ...bottom of the pond to determine whether to continue or to stop feeding. However, the feasibility of such a method in an actual outdoor aquaculture pond is low. The main reason for this is that real outdoor aquaculture ponds have turbid water quality, small feed targets, interference from intense fish activity, overlapping images of fish and feed, etc. Therefore, image-based recognition is not easy to implement in actual outdoor aquaculture. To overcome this problem, this article proposes an automatic fish feeding system based on deep learning computer vision technology. In contrast to traditional computer-vision-based systems for recognizing fish feed underwater, the proposed system uses deep learning technology to recognize the size of the waves caused by fish eating feed to determine whether to continue or to stop feeding. Furthermore, several water quality sensors are adopted to assist in feeding decisions. As a result, the proposed system uses deep learning technology to recognize the size of the water waves caused by fish eating feed to determine whether to continue to cast feed or to stop feeding. Experimental results show that an accuracy of up to 93.2% can be achieved.
Today, with the arrival of an aging society, the average age of the population is rising. It is known that the physiology of a person degrades with age. There are approximately 285 million visually ...impaired people in the world, of whom 140 million are elderly people over the age of 50, and 110 million of these visually impaired elderly people suffer from multiple chronic diseases. In the case of multiple medication usage, these 110 million vulnerable people will be more likely to take the wrong medicines or forget to take their medication. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a wearable smart-glasses-based drug pill recognition system using deep learning, named MedGlasses, for visually impaired people to improve their medication-use safety. The proposed MedGlasses system consists of a pair of wearable smart glasses, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based intelligent drug pill recognition box, a mobile device app, and a cloud-based information management platform. Experimental results show that a recognition accuracy of up to 95.1% can be achieved. Therefore, the proposed MedGlasses system can effectively mitigate the problem of drug interactions caused by taking incorrect drugs, thereby reducing the cost of medical treatment and providing visually impaired chronic patients with a safe medication environment.
This paper proposes an intelligent assistive system based on wearable smart glasses and an intelligent walking stick for visually impaired people to achieve the goals of aerial obstacle avoidance and ...fall detection. The proposed assistive system comprises wearable smart glasses, an intelligent walking stick, a mobile device app, and a cloud-based information management platform. Visually impaired people can wear the proposed wearable smart glasses and hold the proposed intelligent walking stick to detect aerial obstacles and fall events on roads. Moreover, the proposed intelligent walking stick can vibrate to guide visually impaired people to avoid aerial obstacle collision accidents. Experimental results show that the proposed system can detect aerial obstacles within 3 meters, and the average accuracy of fall detection reaches up to 98.3%. Furthermore, when visually impaired people experience a fall event, an urgent notification is immediately sent to their family members or caregivers.
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