Highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules are in urgent demand for solid‐state lighting and full‐color displays. Here, the design and synthesis of three ...triarylamine‐pyridine‐carbonitrile‐based TADF compounds, TPAPPC, TPAmPPC, and tTPAmPPC, are shown. They exhibit excellent photoluminescence quantum yields of 79−100% with small ΔEST values, fast reverse intersystem crossing (RISC), and high horizontal dipole ratios (Θ// = 86−88%) in the thin films leading to the enhancement of device light outcoupling. Consequently, a green organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) based on TPAmPPC shows a high average external quantum efficiency of 38.8 ± 0.6%, a current efficiency of 130.1 ± 2.1 cd A–1, and a power efficiency of 136.3 ± 2.2 lm W–1. The highest device efficiency of 39.8% appears to be record‐breaking among TADF‐based OLEDs to date. In addition, the TPAmPPC‐based device shows superior operation lifetime and high‐temperature resistance. It is worth noting that the TPA‐PPC‐based materials have excellent optical properties and the potential for making them strong candidates for TADF practical application.
Three 2,6‐diphenylpyridine‐3,5‐dicarbonitrile‐based compounds with excellent photoluminescent quantum yields (79–100%) and high horizontal dipole ratios (86−88%) in the thin films are demonstrated. With two methyl groups on the triarylamines, the spin−orbit coupling is enhanced due to the elevated locally excited triplet states (3LE), leading to a fast reverse intersystem crossing. Green thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) organic light‐emitting diodes based on them exhibit a record‐high external quantum efficiency of 39.8% without any optical extraction technique.
Aging-related hypogonadism in men is related to the deterioration of overall health. Those with this disease rarely receive treatment. The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype is a tool for ...predicting abnormalities of cardiovascular metabolism. However, the relationship between the HTGW phenotype and hypogonadism remains undetermined. This study aimed to determine the association between HTGW phenotype and hypogonadism in different age groups.
Data of this cross-sectional study were obtained from MJ Health Screening Center in Taiwan from 2007 to 2016. The HTGW phenotype was divided into four categories based on whether the waist circumference (WC) and triglyceride levels were normal. WC of <90 cm and triglyceride level of <150 mg/dL were defined as normal. Hypogonadism was defined as a testosterone level of <300 ng/dL.
Overall, 6442 male participants were divided into three age groups: <50, 50-64, and ≥65 years (n = 4135, 1958, and 349; age groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). The overall prevalence of hypogonadism was 10.6%. In group 1, participants with HTGW (odds ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.354-2.896) had a higher risk of hypogonadism than those with normal WC and normal triglyceride levels after adjustment for body mass index and fasting blood glucose level. In group 2, participants with HTGW (odds ratio, 1.873; 95% CI, 1.099-3.193) had an increased risk of hypogonadism after adjustment for body mass index, fasting blood glucose level, Cholesterol levels, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, low-density lipoprptein (LDL) levels and smoking status. However, no relationship was observed between HTGW phenotype and hypogonadism in group 3.
HTGW phenotype was highly associated with hypogonadism in Taiwanese adult men. More attention should be paid to men aged <50 years with HTGW.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We evaluated hyperglycemia-associated mortality in the Taiwanese population by conducting a 10-year retrospective cohort study.
From 2007 to 2017, all participants, regardless of their age or ...underlying diseases, were identified at a Health Screening Center in Taiwan. Overall, 114,534 participants were included in the analysis. They were classified into three subgroups according to glycemia and smoking status by combining survival for data analysis.
The mean follow-up time, age, and body mass index (BMI) were 8.14 ± 2.22 years, 40.95 ± 12.14 years, and 23.24 ± 3.65 kg/m
, respectively. The cumulative death rate increased from 0.9% in the normal fasting blood glucose(FBG) subgroup to approximately 6% in the diabetes FBG subgroup. After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, waist circumference(WC), and smoking status, the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause, cancer, and heart disease mortality in the diabetes mellitus(DM) subgroup was 1.560, 1.381, and 1.828, respectively.HR was 0.989 in all-cause, 0.940 in cancer, and 1.326 in heart disease in the pre-DM subgroup.
Being tested for pre-DM is related to a higher risk of death from heart disease in the Taiwanese population at baseline. Therefore, cardiovascular risk must be actively measured among diabetes patients every visit.
Gout is a common systemic inflammatory disease with a male predominance. This study aimed to determine the relationship between serum total testosterone level and hyperuricemia. Data on 1899 men, ...collected from 2007 to 2017, were included in the analysis. Serum testosterone and urate (SU) were measured on enrolment. The primary endpoints were SU levels ≥ 7 mg/dL and ≥9 mg/dL. On enrolment, participants had a mean age of 45.6 years and mean total testosterone and SU levels of 510 ng/dL and 6.6 mg/dL, respectively. The mean total testosterone levels were 533 and 470 ng/dL in patients with SU levels < 7 mg/dL and ≥7 mg/dL, respectively (p < 0.001); and 515 and 425 ng/dL in patients with SU levels < 9 mg/dL and ≥9 mg/dL, respectively (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, body mass index, creatinine, serum lipid, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure, low testosterone level (<400 ng/dL) was significantly associated with an SU level ≥ 7 mg/dL (hazard ratio: 1.182, 95% confidence interval: 1.005−1.39) and ≥9 mg/dL (hazard ratio: 1.905, 95% confidence interval: 1.239−2.928). In men, a low testosterone level may be associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between haemorrhoids and Graves’ disease (GD).SettingUsing the nationwide data from Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database.ParticipantsWe conducted a ...retrospective study, stratified patients by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification disease code and compared the incidence rate of GD between patients with and without haemorrhoids. The study period was from 2000 to 2010, with exclusion of patients with diagnosed haemorrhoids before 2000 or after 2009, and we analysed the HR of GD in the univariable and multivariable models as well as the cumulative incidence curves of GD by using Kaplan-Meier curves.ResultThis study included 13 165 and 52 660 patients with and without haemorrhoids, respectively. The mean follow-up duration was approximately 6 years. The incidence rate of GD was 1.57 and 1.13 per 1000 person-years in patients with and without haemorrhoids, respectively. The area under the cumulative incidence curve of GD in patients with haemorrhoids was higher than that of patients without haemorrhoids. The risk of GD increased by 1.39 times (95% CI 1.13 to 1.71) in patients with haemorrhoids compared with patients without haemorrhoids. In the subgroup analysis, women with haemorrhoids had a higher risk of GD (adjusted HR 1.44; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.83). Patients with haemorrhoids aged 30–39 years were more likely to develop GD (adjusted HR 1.73; 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55).ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate that patients with haemorrhoids may have an increased risk of GD compared with other potential confounding factors.
Diabetes with co-existing bone fragility or osteoporosis is common in elderly patients, whereas is frequently underestimated.
We conducted dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with 7-site skinfold ...(SF) and dominant hand grip strength measurements among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to assess their gender-specific associations. A total of 103 patients with T2DM (60 females and 43 males), aged between 50 and 80 years (median 68.0 years) were enrolled and 45 non-DM females were also included to compare with T2DM females.
Our results revealed osteoporosis was negatively correlated with grip strength in both genders, negatively correlated with lean mass solely in males and negatively correlated with fat mass (particular the gynoid fat mass and thigh SF thickness) in females. Via performing multivariable stepwise logistic regression, we identified grip strength in both genders and thigh SF thickness in females as predictors for osteoporosis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis further disclosed 20.5 mm female thigh skinfold thickness, 18.1 kg female grip strength and 29.0 kg male grip strength as reasonable cutoff levels for predicting osteoporosis in the Taiwanese patients with T2DM.
Patients with T2DM presented gender-specific associations between osteoporosis, body composition and grip strength. Grip strength and thigh SF thickness might serve as predictors for detection of osteoporosis in patients with T2DM.
Background: Hemodialysis (HD) is a public health issue, and HD‑induced infection is a major risk factor for mortality. Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of infection. ...However, polymorphisms of TLR4 contribute to infection are still unknown. Aim: This study aimed to examine the correlation between polymorphisms of TLR4 and mortality among HD patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 585 participants from Tri‑Service General Hospital in Taipei from 2011 to 2015. All participants were genotyped for TLR4 rs10116253T/C and rs7873784G/C by the iPLEX Gold single‑nucleotide polymorphisms assay. Analysis of the conditional Cox proportional hazard model was used to test the association between TLR4 polymorphisms and mortality. Results: Our results show that adjustment with age and gender, TLR4 rs10116253T/C demonstrates an association with mortality (hazard ratio HR =1.38, 95% confidence interval CI =1.00-1.89) in a dominant model, especially in infection‑related mortality (HR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.04-4.43) of HD patients. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that TLR4 rs10116253T/C may play a role in the etiology of infection among HD patients.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver. Intracellular oxidative stress induced by lipid accumulation leads to ...various hepatocellular injuries including fibrosis. However, no effective method for mitigating MASLD without substantial side effects currently exists. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has garnered attention due to its efficiency in neutralizing harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its ability to penetrate cell membranes. Some clinical evidence suggests that H2 may alleviate fatty liver disease, but the precise molecular mechanisms, particularly the regulation of lipid droplet (LD) metabolism, remain unclear. This study utilized an in vitro model of hepatocyte lipid accumulation induced by free fatty acids (FFAs) to replicate MASLD in HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated a significant increase in LD accumulation due to elevated FFA levels. However, the addition of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) effectively reduced LD accumulation. HRW decreased the diameter of LDs and reduced lipid peroxidation and FFA-induced oxidative stress by activating the AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Overall, our findings suggest that HRW has potential as an adjunctive supplement in managing fatty liver disease by reducing LD accumulation and enhancing antioxidant pathways, presenting a novel strategy for impeding MASLD progression.
This longitudinal study evaluated the direct effects of providing/receiving family support on mortality in older adults with different living arrangements in Taiwan. All data analysed were obtained ...from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging, 1996–2007, of residents aged ⩾67 years (1,492 men and 1,177 women) and Taiwan's National Death Register. Living arrangements were divided into living alone, living only with spouse, living with family and living with others. Support was mainly defined as family support divided into two categories: providing and receiving. The effect of providing/receiving family support on the mortality of older adults was evaluated using Cox regression analysed by living arrangement. Participants living with their families had lower educational levels (illiterate or elementary school) and more disability in both activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. However, they provided more family support than those in other living arrangements. After adjusting for several potentially confounding variables, including background characteristics, economic status and various health status measures, results showed that older adults living with their families and providing support had an 11 per cent lower mortality rate (Hazard ratio = 0.89; 95 per cent confidence interval = 0.83–0.96; p = 0.0018). In conclusion, we found that, when living with family, the lives of older adults can be extended by providing support, clearly supporting the old adage ‘it is more blessing to give than to receive’. Older adults wanting to extend their lives can be encouraged to provide more help to their families.
Introduction. To evaluate whether waist circumference (WC) or hyperglycemia is more closely associated with hypogonadism in middle-aged men. Research Design and Methods. This cross-sectional study ...analyzed male participants under 65 years old from the MJ Health Screening Center in Taiwan from 2007 to 2016. Basic patient characteristics with relevant parameters were obtained. We used the chi-square test to perform a correlation analysis for HbA1c and WC between participants with and without hypogonadism. A one-way ANOVA with post hoc Scheffe’s method was applied to compare the mean testosterone (T) among the HbAlc and WC groups (normal blood sugar with normal WC (NBSNW), abnormal blood sugar with normal WC (ABSNW), normal blood sugar with abnormal WC (NBSAW), and abnormal blood sugar with abnormal waist circumference (ABSAW)). Results. The 5,680 participants were divided into two groups based on the presence (n=599) or absence of hypogonadism (n=5,081), which was defined as total testosterone TT<300 ng/dL. The mean TT of group NBSAW (443.71±220.59 ng/dl) was significantly lower than that of group ABSNW (506.64±191.08 ng/dl, p<0.001). Moreover, the mean TT of group ABSAW (398.89±146.24 ng/dl) was significantly lower than that of group ABSNW (506.64±191.08 ng/dl, p<0.001). The ORs after adjusting for BMI, TG, HDL, SBP, and DBP were statistically significant when comparing NBSAW vs. NBSNW (OR=2.846; 95%CI=2.266–3.575; p<0.001), ABSNW vs. NDNW (OR=1.693; 95%CI=1.309–2.189; p<0.001), and ABSAW vs. NBSNW (OR=4.613; 95%CI=3.634–5.856; p<0.001). Conclusion. The current study showed that WC should be the risk factor that is more closely associated with hypogonadism than hyperglycemia in middle-aged men.
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