Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most aggressive malignant gastrointestinal tumors; however the traditional therapies for EC are not effective enough. Great improvements are needed to explore new ...and valid treatments for EC. We aimed to screen the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in esophageal cancer and explore the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer along with functions and pathways of the target genes.
miRNA high-throughput sequencing data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), then the DEMs underwent principal component analysis (PCA) based on their expression value. Following that, TargetScan software was used to predict the target genes, and enrichment analysis and pathway annotation of these target genes were done by DAVID and KEGG, respectively. Finally, survival analysis between the DEMs and patient survival time was done, and the miRNAs with prediction potential were identified.
A total of 140 DEMs were obtained, 113 miRNAs were up-regulated including hsa-mir-153-2, hsa-mir-92a-1 and hsa-mir-182; while 27 miRNAs were down-regulated including hsa-mir comprising 29a, hsa-mir-100 and hsa-mir-139 and so on. Five miRNAs (hsa-mir-103-1, hsa-mir-18a, hsa-mir-324, hsa-mir-369 and hsa-mir-320b-2) with diagnostic and preventive potential were significantly correlated with survival time.
The crucial molecular targets such as p53 may provide great clinical value in treatment, as well to provide new ideas for esophageal cancer therapy. The target genes of miRNA were found to play key roles in protein phosphorylation, and the functions of the target genes during protein phosphorylation should be further studied to explore novel treatment of EC.
A novel class of organic D-pi-A dyes employing a N,N,N',N'-tetraphenylbenzidine (TPD) unit as donor was designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells, which achieved a solar-to-electricity ...conversion efficiency (eta) of 5.63% in preliminary tests as compared to 6.42% for N3 dye under the same experimental conditions.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate gene expression through binding to complementary sites in the 3′-untranslated regions of target mRNAs, which will lead to existence of correlation in expression ...between miRNA and mRNA. However, the miRNA–mRNA correlation patterns are complex and remain largely unclear yet. To establish the global correlation patterns in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), multiple miRNA–mRNA correlation analyses and expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis were conducted in this study. We predicted and achieved 861 miRNA–mRNA pairs (65 miRNAs, 412 mRNAs) using multiple bioinformatics programs, and found global negative miRNA–mRNA correlations in PBMC from all 46 study subjects. Among the 861 pairs of correlations, 19.5% were significant (
P
< 0.05) and ~70% were negative. The correlation network was complex and highlighted key miRNAs/genes in PBMC. Some miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-148a, regulate a cluster of target genes. Some genes, e.g., TNRC6A, are regulated by multiple miRNAs. The identified genes tend to be enriched in molecular functions of DNA and RNA binding, and biological processes such as protein transport, regulation of translation and chromatin modification. The results provided a global view of the miRNA–mRNA expression correlation profile in human PBMCs, which would facilitate in-depth investigation of biological functions of key miRNAs/mRNAs and better understanding of the pathogenesis underlying PBMC-related diseases.
Abstract Realtime trigger and localization of bursts are the key functions of GECAM, an all-sky gamma-ray monitor launched on 2020 December 10. We developed a multifunctional trigger and localization ...software operating in the CPU of the GECAM Electronic Box. This onboard software has the following features: high trigger efficiency for real celestial bursts with a suppression of false triggers caused by charged particle bursts and background fluctuation, dedicated localization algorithm optimized for both short and long bursts, and low time latency of the trigger information which is downlinked through the Global Short Message Communication service of the global BeiDou navigation system. This paper provides a detailed description of the design and development of the trigger and localization software system for GECAM. It covers the general design, workflow, the main functions, and the algorithms used in the system. The paper also includes on-ground trigger tests using simulated gamma-ray bursts generated by a dedicated X-ray tube, as well as an overview of the performance for real celestial bursts during its in-orbit operation.
Background Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease （ARPKD） is a rare inherited disease, which is a disorder with multiple organ involvement, mainly the kidney and liver. It is caused by ...mutations in the PKHD1 gene. Here, we reported the clinical characteristics of a case with ARPKD and analyze the genetic features of this patient as well as of his father using targeted exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes obtained from a patient with ARPKD. The mutations were identified using exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Results The patient was diagnosed as ARPKD based on ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography which showed polycystic changes, multiple calcinosis of both kidneys, and multiple dilated bile ducts of the liver. Compound heterozygous PKHD1 gene mutations A979G and G5935A, which lead to substitution of an asparagine for an aspartate at amino acid 327 （N327D） and a glycine for an arginine at amino acid 1979 （G1979R） respectively, were identified using targeted exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing for the patient. In addition, the father of the patient was identified to be a carrier of heterozygous A979G mutation of this gene. Conclusions We identified that the compound heterozygous PKHD1 gene mutations are the molecular basis of the patient with ARPKD. Targeted exome sequencing is suitable for genetic diagnosis of single-gene inherited diseases like ARPKD in which the pathogenic gene is a large.
The contents of 22 kinds of mineral elements in different parts of Changium smyrnioides and in the rhizosphere soil of 10 different populations were determined by microwave digestion-inductively ...coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The characteristics of mineral elements in the plants and the soil of main distribution area of Ch. smyrnioides was analyzed and the mechanism of the quality formation of Ch. smyrnioides was explored to provide the basis for the quality evaluation and cultivation regulation of Ch. smyrnioides.The results showed that the quality of soil environment was better in the main distribution area of Ch. smyrnioides, the content of trace elements was higher, the contents of P and K were lower and the contents of mineral elements in the soil of each distribution area was significantly different. The three elements of Se, P and K are significantly accumulated in the root of Ch. smyrnioides. There were significant differences in the total contents of mineral elements in the ro
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of central nervous system. Many genetic variants associated with MS have been identified by genome-wide association studies, but ...functional mechanism underlying the associations is largely unclear. Utilizing the publically available datasets, we carried out gene relationships among implicated loci (GRAIL) analyses to search for MS-associated SNPs/genes. Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) analyses were conducted to identify eQTL SNPs/target genes. Further, functional prediction for SNP, differential gene expression, and functional annotation clustering analyses for gene were conducted to explore their functional relevance to MS. Among the 284 identified MS-associated SNPs (
P
< 10
−4
), eQTL analysis showed that 45 SNPs act as
cis
-effect regulators on 19 MS-associated genes. Among the 19 eQTL target genes, 14 showed significantly differential expressions in MS-related cells. Among the 45 SNPs, 15 were predicted most likely located in transcription factor (TF) binding sites, and five predicted SNPs (rs3095329 of
TUBB
, rs9469220/rs2647046 of
HLA-DQB1
, rs11154801 of
AHI1
, and rs1062158 of
NDFIP1
) have corresponding target genes with significantly differential expressions in multiple cell groups, while rs7194 of
HLA-DRA
was predicted in the has-miR-6507-3p binding site. The functional evidence, taken together, highlighted the functional relevance of the six SNPs to MS. The present findings provide novel insights into the functional mechanisms underlying the MS-associated genetic variants, which improve our understanding of the genetic association for MS.
Hamamatsu R1924A is one of the most widely used photomultiplier tubes （PMTs） in nuclear physics. Since the active base suitable for R1924A is still not available in market, an active base is designed ...for Hamamatsu R1924A PMT, and the test results at high counting rates are presented. The active bases with two different sets of resistor chains were tested and compared by a fre- quency-controlled green straw hat LED light. A stable signal output up to 100 kHz is achieved usingfrequency-controlled LED pulsed light. The temperature of bases, which reflects the power consumption and is crucial for applications in vacuum, is also monitored with the same LED pulsed light. The temperature of the active base with smaller resistances reaches about twice of that of the active base with larger resistances in the resistor chain. For the applications in vacuum, the active base with resistance between the two sets of resistor chains may be preferable.
Rib fracture is the most common injury in chest trauma. Most of patients with rib fractures were treated conservatively, but up to 50% of patients, especially those with combined injury such as flail ...chest, presented chronic pain or chest wall deformities, and more than 30% had long-term disabilities, unable to retain a full-time job. In the past two decades, surgery for rib fractures has achieving good outcomes. However, in clinic, there are still some problems including inconsistency in surgical indications and quality control in medical services. Before the year of 2018, there were 3 guidelines on the management of regional traumatic rib fractures were published at home and abroad, focusing on the guidance of the overall treatment decisions and plans; another clinical guideline about the surgical treatment of rib fractures lacks recent related progress in surgical treatment of rib fractures. The Chinese Society of Traumatology, Chinese Medical Association, and the Chinese College of Trauma Surgeons, Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts from cardiothoracic surgery, trauma surgery, acute care surgery, orthopedics and other disciplines to participate together, following the principle of evidence-based medicine and in line with the scientific nature and practicality, formulated the Chinese consensus for surgical treatment of traumatic rib fractures (STTRF 2021). This expert consensus put forward some clear, applicable, and graded recommendations from seven aspects: preoperative imaging evaluation, surgical indications, timing of surgery, surgical methods, rib fracture sites for surgical fixation, internal fixation method and material selection, treatment of combined injuries in rib fractures, in order to provide guidance and reference for surgical treatment of traumatic rib fractures.
As search engine is leading the revenue growth in online marketing field, the competition of search engine marketing between paid search marketing (PSM) by search engine providers (SEPs), and search ...engine optimization (SEO) provided by search engine optimization firms, is white-hot. While PSM is simply for advertisers to buy the top ranks in sponsored links, SEO tries to optimize advertisers' websites by free-riding search engine's organic searching results. This study aims to investigate this competition by analytical modeling regarding organic search quality. We focus on sustainability conditions of SEO firms, investment analysis of SEO firms, and profit analysis of SEP. We find that a search engine advertising market is led by SEP, and the competition between PSM and SEO is a game of running and chasing. Specifically, better algorithm effectiveness of search engines promotes profitability of both PSM and SEO, and algorithm robustness of search engines negatively affects the survival of SEO firms in the market.
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