This paper presents the FPGA implementation of neuron block units based on a sigmoid activation function for artificial neural networks (ANNs) applications. The Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer ...(CORDIC) algorithm has been employed for the approximation of sigmoid activation function. The proposed design was simulated using ModelSim XE II and synthesized using Altera's Quartus II with a Cyclone IV EP4CE115 FPGA device. The functionality of neuron block unit was successfully verified using the trained weight on MNIST dataset.
This paper presents the FPGA implementation of neuron block units based on a sigmoid activation function for artificial neural networks (ANNs) applications. The proposed system was simulated using ...Modelsim XE II and synthesized using Synopsys design compiler based on TSMC 90 nm technology file. The functionality of backward propagation was successfully verified as compared with the python simulation results.
Distributed and controllable energy storages are commonly used to provide specific benefits to help the operation of electric power networks. The major benefits may include peak load reduction, ...renewable energy intermittent problem mitigation, as an emergency/stand by power supply, and provide auxiliary services to networks etc. Recently, more and more homeowners install various sizes of solar power systems to generate clean, low emission, and free electricity for their own homes; meanwhile, the "community solar" may thus formed in a certain of electric power area. To raise the utilization of solar power and to well manage the power generation and load demand in these areas, community energy storage has been considered as a feasible solution. In this work, a low-voltage residential electric network that integrates solar power generation and community energy storage is investigated, and analysis of load electricity consumption under different scenarios and voltage fluctuation problems are discussed by OpenDSS time-series simulation. Finally, the benefit on electricity-saving of the studied system can be presented.
Speech emotion retrieval is an important technique for large-scale and high-quality data collection. Conventional approach using ensemble of classification models might limit the retrieved emotion ...diversity and/or underperform in out-of-domain acoustic conditions. Natural language is diverse and agnostic to specific acoustic concepts, embedding a huge potential for developing language-based speech emotion retrieval system. In this paper we introduce CLAP4Emo, a novel framework to retrieve emotional speech via natural language prompts based on contrastive language-audio pretraining. To compensate for the absence of training captions in existing public datasets, we propose a systematic framework that applies ChatGPT to generate emotion captions. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can effectively improve the retrieved sample diversity while maintaining high precision across five benchmark datasets. By leveraging large language models, we establish a connection between audio and language for emotion description, culminating in an intuitive and interactive retrieval system. We release the generated emotion captions at: https://github.com/boschresearch/soundsee-emo-caps
The decision of ground truth for speech emotion recognition (SER) is still a critical issue in affective computing tasks. Previous studies on emotion recognition often rely on consensus labels after ...aggregating the classes selected by multiple annotators. It is common for a perceptual evaluation conducted to annotate emotional corpora to include the class "other," allowing the annotators the opportunity to describe the emotion with their own words. This practice provides valuable emotional information, which, however, is ignored in most emotion recognition studies. This paper utilizes easy-accessed natural language processing toolkits to mine the sentiment of these typed descriptions, enriching and maximizing the information obtained from the annotators. The polarity information is combined with primary and secondary annotations provided by individual evaluators under a label distribution framework, creating a complete representation of the emotional content of the spoken sentences. Finally, we train multitask learning SER models with existing learning methods (soft-label, multi-label, and distribution-label) to show the performance of the novel ground truth in the MSP-Podcast corpus.
In this paper, the Formula Omitted-parameter measurements are applied first to establish an improved vertical bipolar inter-company (VBIC) large-signal equivalent-circuit model for ...silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs), which can accurately describe novel and unusual characteristics of inductive behavior at breakdown that can occur in the active region under large-signal drive. This improved VBIC model presented here for SiGe HBTs is modified by incorporating a nonlinear base-collector junction breakdown network to account for the RF avalanche delay effect in the breakdown region. Good agreement between simulated and measured Formula Omitted-parameters, which contain small-signal Formula Omitted-parameters, large-signal spectrum, and hot Formula Omitted-parameters, is achieved, validating the presented large-signal VBIC model in the breakdown region. The determined breakdown inductance and resistance agree well with the theoretical results. This modified model can be used to describe and predict RF large-signal performance accurately when transistors are operated in the breakdown and active regions.
Ensuring the efficiency of recruitment activities has become a critical issue for organizations. Given the recruitment interview is an important device in the recruitment activities, the purpose of ...this study was to examine how interviewer behavior and corporate employment image (CEI) influence applicant job choice intention. Furthermore, this study examined whether interviewer behavior would influence applicant job choice intention more positively in low CEI than in high CEI. Data collection involved 57 technological companies and two groups of respondents including 275 and 120 graduate students, respectively. The results showed that both interviewer behavior and CEI were positively related to applicant job choice intention. However, the relationship between interviewer behavior and applicant job choice intention was not moderated by the level of CEI, possibly due to the way we operationalized the variable of corporate employment image and the study's low statistical power. A further research using larger sample was recommended to test the proposed moderating effects.
Colon cancer is the third most-often diagnosed malignancy, and metastasis in colon cancer is the leading cause of poor prognostic outcomes. Identifying specific biomarkers for metastatic colon cancer ...and studying its underlying mechanism will aid in the understating of colon cancer development and in elucidating effective treatment. In order to identify novel biomarker for metastatic colon cancer, we collected paired samples from primary and liver metastatic tumor tissues of colon cancer patients, and analyzed the differential expression in mRNA transcription. Interestingly, we found that the glucose transporter (Glut) was upregulated in metastatic colon cancer tissues. Overexpression of the Glut associates with disease progression and poor survival outcome. Moreover, upregulation of glycolytic capacity and glycolysis genes was observed in metastatic colon cancer cells, compared with the parental cells. The results of in vitro study revealed that overexpression of Glut increased expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem cell-related genes, and promoted invasiveness and stemness in colon cancer cells. Our data showed that aberrant glucose metabolism may provide attractive and effective therapeutic approaches to selectively target cancer cells.
In the presence of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) stimulation, an increase in the migration/invasion of U87 glioblastoma cells was detected by a wound healing assay, transwell analysis, ...and spheroid formation assay by inducing matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) enzyme activity via a gelatin zymographic analysis. A dose- and time-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression with elevated prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production was identified in TPA- but not in 4alpha-TPA (a respective inactive compound)-treated U87 cells TPA-induced migration/invasion was significantly blocked by adding the COX-2-specific inhibitor, NS398, through a reduction in PGE(2) production. Data from the pharmacological studies using specific chemical inhibitors showed that activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) was involved in TPA-induced migration/invasion, COX-2 protein expression, and MMP-9 activation. Stimulation of intracellular peroxide production by TPA was detected by a DCHF-DA assay, and the addition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) or tempol significantly inhibited TPA-induced migration/invasion and COX-2 protein expression accompanied by a decrease in peroxide production. An increase in NADPH oxidase activity by TPA was examined, and TPA-induced migration/invasion was blocked by adding DPI, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor. Additionally, the natural flavonoids quercetin (QE), baicalein (BE), and myricetin (ME) effectively blocked TPA-induced migration/invasion while simultaneously inhibiting COX-2/PGE(2) production, MMP-9 enzyme activity, and peroxide production in U87 cells. The contribution of ROS production to the migration/invasion of U87 glioblastoma cells via ERK-activated COX-2/PGE(2) and MMP-9 induction was first investigated here, and agents such as QE, BE, and ME with the ability to block these events possess the potential to be developed for use against migration/invasion by glioblastomas.
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