Abstract
As a vital technology for ensuring the stable operation of industrial equipment, fault diagnosis has received a lot of research in recent years. Most complex industrial processes are in ...normal working conditions during operation, so the amount of data collected under normal working conditions is much larger than that under fault working conditions. The uneven number of samples will lead to the imbalance of datasets and make it a challenging task to assure the overall accuracy. To address the issue, an innovative imbalanced fault diagnostic approach based on area identification conditional generative adversarial networks (AICGAN) is proposed. First, considering the imbalance between normal data (majority data) and fault data (minority data), a hybrid data generation method combining over‐sampling and AICGAN generator is proposed, which effectively extends the limited minority data and overcomes the inclination to majority data to some extent. On one hand, the over‐sampling algorithm reduces the impact of dataset imbalance on the AICGAN training process by linear interpolation. On the other hand, the trainable generator can create samples similar to real samples by learning the generation principle so as to enrich the minority data information and reduce the sample stacking caused by linear synthesis. The two sample production methods complement each other. Combining the raw samples, over‐sampled samples, and samples generated by generator, a new dataset is constructed. Second, the new dataset is used to train the AICGAN discriminator. In addition, in order to generate samples with higher value, an auxiliary discrimination layer is added to the discriminator to control the pattern of generated samples. Third, the balanced dataset containing the linear synthesis samples and the samples generated by the trained generator are put into the classifier to obtain the fault diagnosis. The effectiveness of the proposed approach for fault diagnosis based on AICGAN is verified using the three‐phase flow facility (TFF) dataset and the Tennessee Eastman (TE) dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the AICGAN‐based fault diagnosis method achieves high F1 scores on the imbalanced dataset.
We report here a Ni-catalyzed reductive coupling of aldehydes with widely available 1,3-dienes under visible-light photoredox dual catalysis. The homoallyic alcohols are obtained in broad scope with ...complete branched regioselectivity. Hantzsch ester is used as the hydrogen radical source to oxidize low-valent nickel salt affording Ni–H species. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate a successive single-electron transfer (SET) pathway and the generation of a key π-allylnickel intermediate via Ni–H insertion of 1,3-diene in this synergistic catalytic process.
Obesity is a world-wide epidemic disease that correlates closely with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity-induced chronic adipose tissue inflammation is now considered as a critical ...contributor to the above complications. Momordica charantia (bitter melon, BM) is a traditional Chinese food and well known for its function of reducing body weight gain and insulin resistance. However, it is unclear whether BM could alleviate adipose tissue inflammation caused by obesity. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were fed high fat diet (HFD) with or without BM for 12 weeks. BM-contained diets ameliorated HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Histological and real-time PCR analysis demonstrated BM not only reduced macrophage infiltration into epididymal adipose tissues (EAT) and brown adipose tissues (BAT). Flow cytometry show that BM could modify the M1/M2 phenotype ratio of macrophages in EAT. Further study showed that BM lowered mast cell recruitments in EAT, and depressed pro-inflammatory cytokine monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) expression in EAT and BAT as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in EAT. Finally, ELISA analysis showed BM-contained diets also normalized serum levels of the cytokines. In summary, in concert with ameliorated insulin resistance and fat deposition, BM reduced adipose tissue inflammation in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
G‐quadruplexes form folded structures because of tandem repeats of guanine sequences in DNA or RNA. They adopt a variety of conformations, depending on many factors, including the type of loops and ...cations, the nucleotide strand number, and the main strand polarity of the G‐quadruplex. Meanwhile, the different conformations of G‐quadruplexes have certain influences on their biological functions, such as the inhibition of transcription, translation, and DNA replication. In addition, G‐quadruplex binding proteins also affect the structure and function of G‐quadruplexes. Some chemically synthesized G‐quadruplex sequences have been shown to have biological activities. For example, bimolecular G‐quadruplexes of AS1411 act as targets of exogenous drugs that inhibit the proliferation of malignant tumours. G‐quadruplexes are also used as vehicles to deliver nanoparticles. Thus, it is important to identify the factors that influence G‐quadruplex structures and maintain the stability of G‐quadruplexes. Herein, we mainly discuss the factors influencing G‐quadruplexes and the synthetic G‐quadruplex, AS1411.
Significance of the study
This review summarizes the factors that influence G‐quadruplexes and the functions of the synthetic G‐quadruplex, AS1411. It also discusses the use of G‐quadruplexes for drug delivery in tumour therapy.
Background The endoscopic transsphenoidal approach is an efficient minimally invasive procedure for removal of pituitary tumors that can be accomplished through a one-hand or two-hand approach. The ...one-hand procedure through one nostril is more intuitive for surgeons, but maneuvering the instruments can be restrictive. The two-hand procedure using a one-and-half nostril approach provides more precise manipulation. This study aimed to compare the surgical outcomes of one-hand/mono-nostril and two-hand/one-and-half nostril surgeries for resection of large pituitary tumors by a single neurosurgeon. Materials and methods The surgical data of 78 consecutive cases with pituitary macroadenoma (diameter >1 cm) were reviewed retrospectively. Altogether, 30 cases received one-hand/mono-nostril surgery, while 48 cases received two-hand/one-and-half nostril surgery. Postoperative outcomes of the two operations were compared. Results The operative time, hospital stay, residual rate of pituitary macroadenoma, visual field, surgical complications, and re-operative rates were slightly improved in the two-hand/one-and-half nostril surgery group compared with that in the one-hand/mono-nostril surgery group (all p>0.05). However, postoperative hypopituitarism was less frequent (1/48; 2.0%) with the two-hand/one-and-half nostril approach than with the mono-nostril approach (p = 0.004). Similar surgical outcomes were found in all patients with either small or large pituitary tumors, except that the difference in postoperative improvement in visual field change reached statistical significance (p = 0.044). Conclusion A single-surgeon endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery with two-hand/one-and-half nostril approach is an effective and safe procedure for removal of large pituitary tumors.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Bacterial infection caused by medical material is a common problem in the field of medicine. In this work, we aim to develop a novel antimicrobial bioplastic with potential medical value. A novel ...composite material composed of polyamino acid (PAA) and titanium dioxide/silver nanoparticles (TiO2/Ag NPs) was synthesized by in situ melting polycondensation with different TiO2/Ag loadings. The morphological, antibacterial, mechanical, thermal, and cytotoxicity properties of the PAA/TiO2/Ag composites were investigated. The results showed that uniform nanocomposites with amide bonds were synthesized, and the nanocomposites with 10% TiO2/Ag incorporation exhibited the best thermal and mechanical properties. Cytotoxicity assay showed that the composites significantly promoted the proliferation of MG‐63 cells. The composites showed obvious inhibitory effect on both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and this effect was increased as the TiO2/Ag NPs doping was increased. These PAA/TiO2/Ag composites are suitable for antibacterial and high‐performance biomaterials in the medical field.
A composite containing polyamino acid (PAA) and titanium dioxide/silver nanoparticles (TiO2/Ag NPs) was developed. The effect of TiO2/Ag NPs of PAA/TiO2/Ag composites on antibacterial properties for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. The results indicated that the composites showed obvious inhibitory effect on both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and this effect was increased as the TiO2/Ag NPs doping was increased.
Stellar tidal disruption events (TDEs) are typically discovered by transient emission due to accretion or shocks of the stellar debris. Yet this luminous flare can be reprocessed by gas or dust that ...inhabits a galactic nucleus, resulting in multiple reverberation signals. Nuclear dust heated by the TDE will lead to an echo at infrared wavelengths (1-10 μm) and transient coronal lines in optical spectra of TDEs trace reverberation by gas that orbits the black hole. Both of these signal have been detected, here we review this rapidly developing field. We also review the results that have been extracted from TDEs with high-quality X-ray light curves: quasi periodic oscillations (QPOs), reverberation lags of fluorescence lines, and cross-correlations with emission at other wavelengths. The observational techniques that are covered in this review probe the emission from TDEs over a wide range of scales: from
∼
1
light year to the innermost parts of the newly formed accretion disk. They provide insights into important properties of TDEs such as their bolometric output and the geometry of the accretion flow. While reverberation signals are not detected for every TDE, we anticipate they will become more commonplace when the next generation of X-ray and infrared instruments become operational.
Conjugated polymers synthesized through random terpolymerization have recently attracted great research interest due to the synergetic effect on the polymer’s crystallinity and semiconducting ...properties. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of random terpolymerization in fine-tuning the aggregation behavior and optoelectronic property of conjugated polymers to yield enhanced device performance. However, as an influential approach of backbone engineering, its efficacy in modulating the mobility–stretchability property of high-performance conjugated polymers has not been fuller explored to date. Herein, a series of random terpolymers based on the diketopyrrolopyrrole-bithiophene (DPP-2T) backbone incorporating different amounts of isoindigo (IID) unit are synthesized, and their structure–mobility–stretchability correlation is thoroughly investigated. Our results reveal that random terpolymers containing a low IID content (DPP95 and DPP90) show enhanced interchain packing and solid-state aggregation to result in improved charge-transporting performance (can reach 4 order higher) compared to the parent polymer DPP100. In addition, owing to the enriched amorphous feature, DPP95 and DPP90 deliver an improved orthogonal mobility (μh) of >0.01 cm2 V–1 s–1 under a 100% strain, higher than the value (∼0.002 cm2 V–1 s–1) of DPP100. Moreover, DPP95 even yields 20% enhanced orthogonal μh retention after 800 stretching–releasing cycles with 60% strain. As concluded from a series of analyses, the improved mobility–stretchability property exerted by random terpolymerization arises from the enriched amorphous feature and enhanced aggregation behavior imposed by the geometry mismatch between different acceptors (DPP and IID). This study demonstrates that backbone engineering through rational random terpolymerization not only enhances the mobility–stretchability of a conjugated polymer but also realizes a better mechanical endurance, providing a new perspective for the design of high-performance stretchable conjugated polymers.
The poor prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer is mainly due to cancer progression. γ-Synuclein (SNCG) has reported as a critical player in cancer metastasis. However, its biological roles and ...mechanism are yet incompletely understood in ovarian cancer, especially in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).
This is a retrospective study of 312 patients with ovarian cancer at a single center between 2006 and 2016. Ovarian cancer tissues were stained by immunohistochemistry to analyze the relationship between SNCG expression and clinicopathologic factors. The clinical outcomes versus SNCG expression level were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method and multiple Cox regression analysis. Next, systematical functional experiments were given to examine the proliferation and metastatic abilities of SNCG both in vitro and in vivo using loss- and gain- of function approaches. Furthermore, the mechanisms of SNCG overexpression were examined by human phospho-kinase array kit and western blot analysis.
Clinically, the expression of SNCG was significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer compared with the borderline and benign tumor, normal ovary, and fallopian tube. Notably, the high level of SNCG correlated with high-risk clinicopathologic features and showed poor survival for patients with HGSOC, indicating an independent prognostic factor for these patients. Functionally, we observed that overexpression of SNCG promoted cell proliferation, tumor formation, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we identified that SNCG promoted cancer cell metastasis through activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Our results reveal SNCG up-regulation contributes to the poor clinical outcome of patients with HGSOC and highlight the metastasis-promoting function of SNCG via activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HGSOC.
Density functional theory (DFT) has been applied to explore the geometry and chemical activity at the b3lyp/6-311g(d) level. The calculation results of geometry show that the central cavity of tQ13 ...is twisted by four glycoluril units, and two identical side cavities are twisted by nine glycoluril units. It is predicted that the electrophilic active sites are distributed on the three glycoluril units at the top of the side cavity, whereas the electrophilic activity cover the entire central cavity. The nucleophilic active site and electrophilic active site of tQ13 are located in different cavities, which means that the chemical environment of the side cavity and the center cavity are different. This work can provide a new theoretical perspective for further study of tQ
n
.
PDF
