Introduction
This mixed methods study examines the effects of AI-mediated language instruction on English learning achievement, L2 motivation, and self-regulated learning among English as a Foreign ...Language (EFL) learners. It addresses the increasing interest in AI-driven educational technologies and their potential to revolutionize language instruction.
Methods
Two intact classes, consisting of a total of 60 university students, participated in this study. The experimental group received AI-mediated instruction, while the control group received traditional language instruction. Pre-tests and post-tests were administered to evaluate English learning achievement across various domains, including grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension, and writing skills. Additionally, self-report questionnaires were employed to assess L2 motivation and self-regulated learning.
Results
Quantitative analysis revealed that the experimental group achieved significantly higher English learning outcomes in all assessed areas compared to the control group. Furthermore, they exhibited greater L2 motivation and more extensive utilization of self-regulated learning strategies. These results suggest that AI-mediated instruction positively impacts English learning achievement, L2 motivation, and self-regulated learning.
Discussion
Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with 14 students from the experimental group shed light on the transformative effects of the AI platform. It was found to enhance engagement and offer personalized learning experiences, ultimately boosting motivation and fostering self-regulated learning. These findings emphasize the potential of AI-mediated language instruction to improve language learning outcomes, motivate learners, and promote autonomy.
Conclusion
This study contributes to evidence-based language pedagogy, offering valuable insights to educators and researchers interested in incorporating AI-powered platforms into language classrooms. The results support the notion that AI-mediated language instruction holds promise in revolutionizing language learning, and it highlights the positive impact of AI-driven educational technologies in the realm of language education.
Highly efficient lepidine‐based phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes with pentane‐2,4‐dione or triazolpyridine as ancillary ligands have been designed and prepared by a newly developed facile ...synthetic route. Fluorine atoms and trifluoromethyl groups have been introduced into the different positions of ligand, and their influence on the photophysical properties of complexes has been investigated in detail. All the triazolpyridine‐based complexes display the blueshifted dual‐peak emission compared to the pentane‐2,4‐dione‐based ones with a broad single‐peak emission. The complexes show emission with broad full width at half maximum (FWHM) over 100 nm, and the emissions are ranges from greenish–yellow to orange region with the absolute quantum efficiency (ΦPL) of 0.21–0.92 in solution, i.e., ΦPL = 0.92 (18), which is the highest value among the reported neutral yellow iridium(III) complexes. Furthermore, high‐performance yellow and complementary‐color‐based white organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been fabricated. The FWHMs of the yellow, greenish–yellow OLEDs are in the range of 94–102 nm, which are among the highest values of the reported yellow or greenish–yellow‐emitting devices without excimer emission. The maximum external quantum efficiency of monochrome OLEDs can reach 24.1%, which is also the highest value among the reported yellow or greenish–yellow devices. The color rendering indexes of blue and complementary yellow‐based white OLED is as high as 78.
Excellent fluorine‐containing lepidine‐based phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes with pentane‐2,4‐dione or triazolpyridine as ancillary ligands are designed and prepared by a facile synthetic route. These complexes exhibit greenish‐yellow to yellow emission with high phosphorescent quantum yields up to 0.92 and wide emission band with FWHM over 100 nm, which is used for fabricating highly efficient yellow and white organic light‐emitting diodes.
Since the doctrine of 'keeping a low profile (KLP), attaining some achievement (ASA)' was developed, there has been much attention and study of the KLP, but little discussion of the ASA. However, it ...is exactly how the ASA has been observed that can well reflect Chinese perception of its global role. In the paper, the ASA is treated as a continuum or a fluid concept with changing values. There have been significant adjustments in the official expression of the ASA doctrine since the 2008 global financial crisis, from the original 'attaining some achievement' to 'proactively attaining achievement' around 2011, 'striving for achievement' in 2013, and 'striving for achievement in a new era' in 2017. Along with these changes, there have been roughly three rounds of debates on the ASA among Chinese scholars. While they generally agree on more proactive diplomacy in attaining achievement, scholars have debated on what achievements to attain and how to attain these achievements. While the ultimate goal is defined officially as Chinese rejuvenation, specific and interim goals of 'striving for achievement' in scholarly debates have targeted mainly China's strategic capability, institutional power and normative power. Chinese scholars have also debated on the general principles, diplomatic style and tactics that China should follow by focusing on three relationships: the relationship between the KLP and the ASA, the Sino-US relationship, and the relationship between China and the international system. The author provides an analytical framework and thorough examination of the development of the ASA doctrine, and presents the scholarly debates along its development path, in the hope that this study may facilitate the understanding of the outside world on how China perceives its global role.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants using the solar energy is environmentally and economically attractive for developing an energy sustainable organic wastewater treatment process. Here, ...we employed the impregnation-thermal method to prepare novel carbon dot (CD) dispersed graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) (GCN)/pyromellitic dianhydride (PDI) (CD/GCN/PDI) composites for photocatalytic H2O-to-H2O2 and on-site oxidation of organic pollutants in contaminated or waste water. After a 5-h visible-light irradiation, 252 μM of H2O2 can be yielded by the CD/GCN/PDI composites. The CD, serving as an electron reservoir, dispersed on the GCN/PDI composite (i.e., CD0.003/GCN/PDI) facilitates the separation of photo-excited electrons to promote the two-electron reduction O2-to-H2O2 (O2→˙O2−→H2O2). Most importantly, it also on-site activates H2O2 to form ·OH radicals (H2O2→·OH) to enhance oxidation of organic pollutants (e.g., methylene blue and bisphenol A). The ·OH, ∙O2−, and photogenerated h+ account for 4–5%, 14–18%, and 20–25% oxidation of organic pollutants under visible-light irradiation for 3 h, respectively. The CD0.003/GCN/PDI composite was also tested for photocatalytic oxidation of the organic pollutant under visible-light irradiation for at least 12 h to demonstrate its photostability and reusability. This visible-light photocatalytic H2O-to-H2O2 for the enhanced oxidation of organic pollutants by the low-cost and metal-free CD/GCN/PDI composites using solar energy was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of an energy self-sufficient organic wastewater treatment process.
Photocatalytic H2O-to-H2O2 synchronized oxidation of an organic pollutant (R) by the CD/GCN/PDI composites. The CD, serving as an electron reservoir, dispersed on the GCN/PDI composite (i.e., CD0.003/GCN/PDI) facilitates the separation of photo-excited electrons to increase the two-electron reduction O2-to-H2O2 (O2→˙O2−→H2O2). Most importantly, it also on-site activates H2O2 to form ·OH radicals (H2O2→·OH) to enhance oxidation of organic pollutants (e.g., methylene blue and bisphenol A). Other on-site activated highly reactive species such as ∙O2− and photogenerated h+ also contribute to oxidation of organic pollutants in wastewater. Display omitted
•The novel CD/GCN/PDI can retard charge recombination for a high yield of H2O2.•The CD/GCN/PDI can induce highly reactive species to enhance organic pollutant oxidation.•The solar-driven H2O-to-H2O2 by CD/GCN/PDI shows energy self-sufficient water clean-up.
Abstract
This article adopts a constructive approach to examining the problem of the Indo-Pacific construct. Through reflection on the east Asian experience, it proposes an analytical framework of ...developmental peace as a constellation of international practices, which means that the more economic development is prioritized by states in regional processes, the more likely it is that a sustainable peace will be achieved. States participating in regional integration comprise a community of practice. On the basis of a shared understanding that development is of overriding importance and underpins security and state legitimacy, the community takes economic development as the anchoring practice; this practice embodies and enacts constitutive rules and fundamental norms for a broader set of practices in regional processes, such as peaceful coexistence and non-interference. The more economic development is prioritized on domestic and regional agendas, the more likely it is that conflicts in the security realm will be relaxed or even resolved to protect security interests. The author draws some useful implications from the developmental peace in east Asia for the Indo-Pacific construct, among which the most important include building shared understandings on the prioritization of economic development, taking advantage of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and using the code of conduct process as a vehicle and best practice to facilitate rule-making for the maritime order. Finally, the author briefly discusses the contributions of the study and limitations of the model.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as an effective means to deliver therapeutic drugs for cancer treatment, as they can preferentially accumulate at tumor site through the enhanced permeability and ...retention effect. Various forms of NPs including liposomes, polymeric micelles, and inorganic particles have been used for therapeutic applications. However, the therapeutic benefits of nanomedicines are suboptimal. Although many possible reasons may account for the compromised therapeutic efficacy, the inefficient tumor penetration can be a vital obstacle. Tumor develops characteristic pathological environment, such as abnormal vasculature, elevated interstitial fluid pressure, and dense extracellular matrix, which intrinsically hinder the transport of nanomedicines in the tumor parenchyma. The physicochemical properties of the NPs such as size, shape, and surface charge have profound effect on tumor penetration. In this review, we will highlight the factors that affect the transport of NPs in solid tumor, and then elaborate on designing strategies to improve NPs' penetration and uniform distribution inside the tumor interstitium.
This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Advanced designing strategies can be exploited to improve tumor penetration and therapeutic efficacy of cancer nanomedicines.
The magnetocaloric effect （MCE） in many rare earth （RE） based intermetallic compounds has been extensively in- vestigated during the last two decades, not only due to their potential applications for ...magnetic refrigeration but also for better understanding of the fundamental problems of the materials. This paper reviews our recent progress on studying the magnetic properties and MCE in some binary or ternary intermetallic compounds of RE with low boiling point metal（s） （Zn, Mg, and Cd）. Some of them exhibit promising MCE properties, which make them attractive for low temperature magnetic refrigeration. Characteristics of the magnetic transition, origin of large MCE, as well as the potential application of these compounds are thoroughly discussed. Additionally, a brief review of the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties in the quaternary rare earth nickel boroncarbides RENi2B2C superconductors is also presented.
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Advanced gastric cancer patients can notably benefit from chemotherapy including ...adriamycin, platinum drugs, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and paclitaxel as well as targeted therapy drugs. Nevertheless, primary drug resistance or acquisition drug resistance eventually lead to treatment failure and poor outcomes of the gastric cancer patients. The detailed mechanisms involved in gastric cancer drug resistance have been revealed. Interestingly, different noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are critically involved in gastric cancer development. Multiple lines of evidences demonstrated that ncRNAs play a vital role in gastric cancer resistance to chemotherapy reagents and targeted therapy drugs. In this review, we systematically summarized the emerging role and detailed molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs impact drug resistance of gastric cancer. Additionally, we propose the potential clinical implications of ncRNAs as novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
There are over 1,000,000 publications on diet and health and over 480,000 references on inflammation in the National Library of Medicine database. In addition, there have now been over 30,000 ...peer-reviewed articles published on the relationship between diet, inflammation, and health outcomes. Based on this voluminous literature, it is now recognized that low-grade, chronic systemic inflammation is associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancers, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as impaired neurodevelopment and adverse mental health outcomes. Dietary components modulate inflammatory status. In recent years, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII
), a literature-derived dietary index, was developed to characterize the inflammatory potential of habitual diet. Subsequently, a large and rapidly growing body of research investigating associations between dietary inflammatory potential, determined by the DII, and risk of a wide range of NCDs has emerged. In this narrative review, we examine the current state of the science regarding relationships between the DII and cancer, cardiometabolic, respiratory and musculoskeletal diseases, neurodevelopment, and adverse mental health outcomes. We synthesize the findings from recent studies, discuss potential underlying mechanisms, and look to the future regarding novel applications of the adult and children's DII (C-DII) scores and new avenues of investigation in this field of nutritional research.
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