The article analyzes the impact of language barriers on the medical treatment of foreign-speaking patients and illustrates that the absence of systemic, institutional responses to language barriers ...in healthcare facilities exacerbates racist attitudes toward migrants and ethnic groups. The article is based on 201 interviews with healthcare workers, employees of public or non-governmental institutions as well as users of healthcare services that were conducted between 2018 and 2019 in twelve local communities in Slovenia. Following the methodological and conceptual framework, the first part of the article highlights the various negative consequences of language barriers experienced by healthcare workers and foreign-speaking patients. The second part shows that in the absence of an accessible network of professional intercultural mediators or interpreters, healthcare workers are left to their own devices with respect to overcoming language barriers. Finally, the last part of the article shows that many interlocutors are increasingly searching for the culprit for this situation. Some healthcare workers attribute the responsibility to the abstract concept of the “system”, while others attribute the responsibility exclusively to migrants, thus perpetuating key elements of the culture of racism present in Slovenia. In this culture of racism, knowledge of Slovene language becomes one of the most important criteria that distinguishes deserving from undeserving migrants. The latter are a privileged object of racist responses at the level of cultural, institutional and personal racism, which is proving to be mutually toxic.
Izobraževanje odraslih na področju zdravja postaja vedno bolj obsežno polje v andragogiki ter drugih družboslovnih, humanističnih in medicinskih vedah, kar se med drugim odraža v samostojnih revijah, ...interdisciplinarno zasnovanih razpravah o raziskovanju, v mednarodnih projektih, mnogovrstnosti praks in tudi v pestrosti poimenovanj: zdravstvena vzgoja, izobraževanje za zdravje, zdravstveno izobraževanje, vzgoja in izobraževanje za zdravje, razvoj zdravstvene pismenosti ali zdravstveno opismenjevanje, ozaveščanje o zdravju. V tej tematski številki je odnos med izobraževanjem in zdravjem/boleznijo osvetljen z dveh zornih kotov. Prvi obravnava vpliv izobraževanja, vključenosti v izobraževalne programe na zdravje in dobro počutje. Drugi zorni kot razmerja med zdravjem in izobraževanjem odpira pogled na izobraževanje, ki je ciljno pripravljeno z namenom izboljševanja znanja o zdravju/bolezni.
The article seeks to stimulate dialogue about the evaluation of cultural competence in healthcare. The first part of the paper presents the different attempts to measure cultural competence in the ...field of healthcare and critically analyses the problems that arise concerning the use of instruments that measure the cultural competence of health providers. The second part of the article focuses on the evaluation process of the first cultural competence educational programme for healthcare workers in Slovenia, serving as an example to demonstrate the importance of complementing quantitative methods with qualitative ones and to emphasize the need to shift the focus from measuring the cultural competence of individual healthcare workers to the evaluation of educator performances, patient perspectives, and the cultural competence of healthcare institutions as a whole.
El artículo presenta un intento de comprender la compleja situación sociopolítica del pueblo mapuche en Chile, que aparece como símbolo de lucha, rebeldía y como una figura política que exige cambios ...políticos radicales. La primera parte del artículo se centra en la contextualización histórica del pueblo mapuche en Chile y en un panorama del movimiento sociopolítico mapuche en el pasado y en la actualidad, mientras que la segunda parte analiza diversos aspectos de los procesos de indigenización y mapuchización de la sociedad chilena. Estos procesos se analizan en el último capítulo con la ayuda del material etnográfico que se recopiló en 2019 y 2022 en Santiago de Chile y a partir del cual es posible destacar tres perspectivas diferentes - y muchas veces contrapuestas - sobre los procesos actuales de indigenización y mapuchización en Chile.
The article examines how discourses of hospitality towards migrants/refugees
are changing in Velika Kladusa, a town in Bosnia and Herzegovina close to
the Croatian border. Since 2018, this city has ...been confronted with the
presence of a large number of people on the move, and has seen the
development of a multi-layered tension between the spontaneous hospitality
of the local population and the increasingly repressive policies of the
European Union and restrictive local measures that criminalize not only
migrants/refugees but also all forms of solidarity with them. In the
introductory part of the article, the concept of hospitality is briefly
analysed on the basis of concepts presented in various anthropological
sources as well as in contemporary research on migration and hospitality. In
the succeeding chapters we explore the dynamics that arise where hospitality
intersects with the public and the private spheres. Our fieldwork material
from Velika Kladusa have shown that the attitude of the local population
towards migrants/refugees is influenced by the interference of authorities
(police, inspectors, etc.) in the area of hospitality, and indicates a
transformation of local hospitality practices towards migrants/refugees,
which we have defined as a shift from open to criminalized hospitality.
Under these changed circumstances, some residents of Velika Kladusa react to
the criminalization of hospitality with acceptance, some by negotiating with
it and others by openly opposing it.
In the article we present our research on health care provided to female asylum seekers in Slovenia, and more specifically, analysis of some of their experiences when searching for medical help in ...the field of gynecology and obstetrics. In the introduction we briefly present general aspects of female migrations and discuss the complexity of pregnant migrants/refugees through a broader context, describing some crucial aspects of their health issues related to pregnancy. We then show how in the context of Slovene health care system their vulnerability is emphasized through three main levels of obstacles. Through qualitative research with ten asylum seekers we demonstrate that the first level of obstacles is due to their hindered access to healthcare institutions. Despite that legislation in Slovenia secures equal health rights to the majority of pregnant asylum seekers as to nationals, these women experience many difficulties when searching for health care. In the second level no dissemination of information concerning their entitlements and use of health service is exposed. With the third level we analyse language barriers that are related to language misunderstanding and the lack of professional interpreters/intercultural mediators.
This paper seeks to contribute to critical reflection on the importance, dilemmas and problems that arise in educating health professionals about the socio-cultural dimensions of health and ...healthcare. In the first part of the paper the authors show that although educational programmes in the field of cultural competences have experienced a remarkable upswing, they are accompanied by many ambiguities and shortcomings. Based on numerous anthropological criticisms, the authors highlight the major conceptual and methodological problems that accompany many cultural competence efforts. The second part of the article focuses on an analysis of the multi-year process of introducing a training course in cultural competence in Slovenia, in which over 500 health professionals have been trained since 2016. Based on the results of the participants’ quantitative evaluation and educators’ selfevaluation, the authors critically analyse the contributions of this training course, while highlighting some of the key dilemmas and difficulties that have accompanied this process.
RésuméEn Slovénie, les « effacés » sont d’anciens concitoyens qui, à la suite de l’indépendance du pays, se sont retrouvés sans aucuns droits politiques, économiques ou sociaux, ni droits relatifs à ...la santé. L’article, fondé sur une enquête ethnographique, analyse les représentations et les réactions face à cette exclusion sociale.
Prispevek se ukvarja s sodelovanjem antropologov_inj na področju javnega zdravja. V prvem delu je prikazan pomen, ki ga ima antropologija tako v raziskovalno-akademski kot aplikativni sferi javnega ...zdravja, obenem pa so analizirani določeni epistemološki in metodološki problemi, ki so opazni pri sodelovanju antropologov_inj v ustanovah na področju javnega zdravja. V drugem delu prispevka je na primeru iz Slovenije podana kritična refleksija sodelovanja skupine antropologov_inj v projektu Za boljse zdravje in zmanjsanje neenakosti v zdravju - Skupoj za zdravje Nacionalnega inštituta za javno zdravje. Poleg prikaza posameznih ukrepov, ki jih je skupina oblikovala v okviru projektnih aktivnosti, so analizirana določena teoretsko-konceptualna in metodološka neskladja, ki so se pojavila v interdisciplinarni projektni skupini, ter načini preseganja teh neskladij.
The Erased residents of Slovenia comprise a group of 25,671 individuals, who found themselves without political, economic and social rights soon after Slovenia became independent. The present article ...discusses a number of aspects of economic and social exclusion of the Erased, as well as the impact of the mentioned exclusion on their bodies and state of mind. Amongst others, the incidence of živci (“upset nerves”) and živčnost (“nervousness”) as the embodied metaphor of socio-political and economic inequality brought about by the erasure is analyzed through a medical anthropological perspective.
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