Thermo-responsiveness and self-assembly behaviors of poly(sodium-p-styrene sulfonate)-block-poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PSSS50-b-PNIPAM300) in pure water and binary solvents (i.e., water/methanol ...and water/acetone) were investigated by 1H NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the PNIPAM chains had a lower lowest critical solution temperature (LCST) in the water/methanol and water/acetone binary solvents than in water. Temperature-induced collapse of PNIPAM in water/acetone binary solvent was evidently weaker compared to the collapses in pure water and water/methanol binary solvent. The DLS and TEM results demonstrated that the self-assembly process and morphology of PSSS50-b-PNIPAM300 in aqueous solution could be fine-tuned with the addition of small molecule solvent.
The paper analyzed whole process of signal acquisition, transmission, decoding, store, display and application of networked high-definition video monitoring system of Zhundong No.2 mine from ...perspective of full high-definition, and focused on network resource usage of high-definition video streaming and its control method. The high-definition video monitoring system lays foundation for intuitive dispatching of production, auxiliary of mine integrated automation system, and ensuring of production safety.
Abnormal expressions of uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) have been associated with various diseases. We proposed a novel electrochemical biosensing platform-based strategy for UDG detection. This method ...combined NiCoP@PtCu nanozyme with multi-MNAzyme junctions. The U base was deleted in the presence of UDG, resulting in self-assembly of multi-MNAzyme junctions with the ability to continually cleave DNA hairpins and release various products. The products could bind the protective probes, exposing capture probes on the electrode’s surface. Moreover, the exposed probes hybridized with the sDNAs-labeled NiCoP@PtCu nanozyme, yielding a significant electrochemical signal. The established biosensor was enzyme-free and with an ultrahigh sensitivity. Benefiting from the twofold amplification of multi-MNAzyme junctions and nanozyme, the sensing technique exhibited a large dynamic range, from 0.001 to 1.0 U mL −1 and a low detection of 6.6 × 10−4 U mL −1. In addition, the method was effectively used for UDG detection in lysed cells. Therefore, the biosensor we established has broad prospects in clinical diagnosis and biomedical research.
•An enzyme-free electrochemical biosensor is developed for sensitive detection of uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG).•multi-MNAzyme junctions possessed improved shearing efficiency and signal amplification ability.•NiCoP@PtCu nanozyme had large surface area, more active sites, well electrical conductivity, and excellent catalytic activity.•This biosensor shows low limit of detection and wide linear range of UDG activity.
In this work, a selective synthetic strategy towards 1-azaspiro4.5deca-3,6,9-trien-8-ones from N-tosyl-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)aniline is developed. The transformation proceeds smoothly in a mixed solvent ...including acetonitrile and water when ZnBr2 and Oxone are employed. Mechanism studies show that the reaction proceeds in a regioselective manner via a radical ipso-cyclization pathway.
The introduction of a CO, CC, CS, or CN bond has emerged as an effective strategy for carbocycle synthesis. A computational mechanistic study of Rh(III)-catalyzed coupling of alkynes with ...enaminones, sulfoxonium ylides, or α-carbonyl-nitrones was carried out. Our results uncover the roles of dual directing groups in the three substrates and confirm that the ketone acts as the role of the directing group while the CC, CN, or CS bond serves as the cyclization site. By comparing the coordination of the ketone versus the CC, CN, or CS bond, as well as the chemoselectivity concerning the six- versus five-membered formation, a competition relationship is revealed within the dual directing groups. Furthermore, after the alkyne insertion, instead of the originally proposed direct reductive elimination mechanism, the ketone enolization is found to be essential prior to the reductive elimination. The following C(sp2)C(sp2) reductive elimination is more favorable than the C(sp3)C(sp2) formation, which can be explained by the aromaticity difference in the corresponding transition states. The substituent effect on controlling the selectivity was also discussed.
In this paper, the characteristics of the extraordinary mode in the 3D magnetized plasma photonic crystals containing the function dielectric with woodpile lattices are investigated in theory. Such ...photonic crystals are called the function dielectric magnetized plasma photonic crystals (FMPPCs), and only the magneto-optical Voigt effect of the magnetized plasma is considered. The configuration of such a FMPPC is that the function dielectric square columns are embedded into the magnetized plasma. The permittivity of the function dielectric is space-depended. The results which are calculated by the plane wave expansion method illustrate that a narrower photonic band gap can be achieved in the proposed FMPPCs compared with the conventional 3D woodpile PCs, which only contain the plasma or function dielectric. The studies also show that the better performance can be realized by optimizing the parameters of FMPPCs, and give us another alternative way to realize the reconfigurable applications with the 3D FMPPCs.
•The features of extraordinary mode in 3D FMPPCs is investigated.•The formulas of PWE method are derived.•Compared to the PPCs and PCs, the narrower PBG can be obtained.•The PBG can be tuned by I, b, R, ωc and ωp.•The FBRs can be tailored by ωc and ωp.
The continuous dehydration processes of adipose, muscle and skin from pork were investigated by transmitted terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). The changes of terahertz spectroscopy during ...the dehydration have been observed, and the difference of absorption coefficient and refractive index at the beginning and end of the dehydration among three biological tissue samples were compared. The results show that terahertz spectroscopy is sensitive to the change of water content in the fresh tissues, and water content is the primary factor to influence the absorption coefficient of fresh tissues. Moreover, there are significant differences in the absorption of the terahertz spectroscopy for different tissues, indicates that the transmitted THz-TDS enable to distinguish different biological tissues.
Aims
The aim of this study was to examine the status of Brahma (BRM), a key SWI/SNF complex subunit, in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), and to analyse the histopathology, immunophenotype, ...molecular features and prognosis of the BRM‐negative cases.
Methods and results
We identified 19 cases of grade 4 tumours lacking BRM expression among 625 clear cell RCCs. All 19 cases exhibited features of poor differentiation: 13 showed pure poorly differentiated morphology, while six were composite tumours with an admixed typical low‐grade component. Besides negative BRM expression, the immunophenotype of these cases was similar to clear cell RCC. VHL gene mutations were identified in nine of the 19 patients (47%). Chromosome 3p deletion was detected in 11 of 13 poorly differentiated RCCs and both areas of five of five composite tumours. All poorly differentiated tumour areas showed polysomy of chromosome 3. No losses or gains of chromosome 3 were observed in low‐grade tumour areas of five of five composite RCCs.
Conclusions
We have shown that loss of BRM expression is a common feature among poorly differentiated tumours in clear cell RCCs. We hypothesize that loss of BRM expression is involved in tumor de‐differentiation in clear cell RCCs and may play an important role during tumour progression.
Product feature and opinion word extraction is very important for fine granular sentiment analysis. In this paper, we leverage large-scale unlabeled data for joint extraction of feature and opinion ...words under a knowledge poor setting, in which only a few feature-opinion pairs are utilized as weak supervision. Our major contributions are two- fold： first, we propose a data-driven approach to represent product features and opinion words as a list of corpus-level syntactic relations, which captures rich language structures; second, we build a simple yet robust unsupervised model with prior knowledge incorporated to extract new feature and opinion words, which obtains high performance robustly. The extraction process is based upon a bootstrapping framework which, to some extent, reduces error propagation under large data. Experimental results under various settings compared with state-of-the-art baselines demonstrate that our method is effective and promising.
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