In perovskite solar cells, I- tends to oxidize to I2 due to its low redox potential. The generated I2 has been proved to be detrimental to device performance. Herein, for the first time, an amidine ...DBU is introduced as an additive into the precursor of the perovskite layer. The reductive DBU can suppress the formation of iodine impurity, resulting in a highly pure perovskite polycrystalline film. The efficiency and stability of the perovskite solar cells are thus improved.
A general and efficient procedure for
p
-toluenesulfonic acid-catalyzed iodination of isoquinolin-1(2
H
)-ones with
N
-iodosuccinimide at room temperature is described. This method provides an ...alternative way of constructing C-I bonds, affords various 4-iodoisoquinolin-1(2
H
)-ones in moderate to good yields, and shows a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
An efficient procedure for
p
-toluenesulfonic acid-catalyzed iodination of isoquinolin-1(2
H
)-ones with
N
-iodosuccinimide under mild reaction conditions is reported. This methodology features scalable synthesis, wide substrate scope, and high functional-group tolerance.
The durability of the superhydrophobic surfaces and their robustness to harsh environments are great challenges at present. In the manuscript, Sm2O3 is first predicted by theoretical calculations to ...be hydrophobic and have strong bonding with the low surface-energy-compound (stearic acid), which can be ideal composition of the superhydrophobic surface coating with high durability and robustness. Then, the rare-earth-salt-solution boiling bath method with the advantages of simply-equipped and time-saving, is proposed to facilely construct such Sm2O3-containing superhydrophobic surface of 7075 Al alloy. The as-prepared surface exhibits a high water contact angle (WCA) of 157.5° and presents hierarchical nanostructures with nanofibers and dandelions-shaped nanospheres. The superhydrophobic surface-coating composes of Sm2O3 and stearic acid as expected. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) show that the corrosion resistance of the superhydrophobic surface coating is >400 kΩ cm2, indicating the strong protection for 7075 Al alloy. Other electrochemical studies and various environmental-adaptability measurements towards chemical medium, UV irradiation, high temperature and abrasion demonstrate the high durability of the as-prepared surfaces as well as their robustness to harsh environments. This work should bring new insights of designing and fabricating the superhydrophobic surfaces for practical applications.
Display omitted
•Highly-durable superhydrophobic surface coatings were theoretically designed and facilely fabricated.•Sm2O3 micro/nanostructures and stearic acid can be the ideal composition of the coating.•Rare-earth-salt-solution boiling bath method is proposed to fabricate the coating.•The coating demonstrates strong protection and high durability as expected.
Thin films of Ce1Gd2Fe5−xGaxO12 (Ce,Ga:GIG) were prepared on Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) and Ca2.90Li0.30Nb1.93Ga2.76O12 (CLNGG) substrates by using radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique. The phase, ...grain orientation, surface morphology, transmittance, magnetism and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) properties of films were analyzed. And the effects of lattice mismatch and non-magnetic Ga3+-doping were discussed. The results show that the films with higher crystallized quality and lower stress can be obtained by growing on CLNGG than on GGG. Moreover, the coercive force, magnetization, magneto-optical effect intensity and orientation of film can be effectively regulated by adjusting Ga3+-doped concentration.
•With excellent magneto-optical performance, Ce,Ga:GIG film has a good application prospect.•Ce,Ga:GIG film with high quality were prepared on CLNGG by RF magnetron sputtering.•Crystalline quality and morphology of films are intently related to the substrate.•Ga3+ doping obviously affect on magnetism and magneto-optical property of Ce:GIG film.
is a spore-forming gastrointestinal pathogen that can cause life-threatening diseases. Here, a simple and effective assay to detect
was developed, using cross-priming amplification (CPA). Amplicons ...were detected using disposable cartridges that contained nucleic acid detection strips. The sensitivity of CPA assay for
was assessed using serial dilutions of genomic DNA, which indicated a detection limit of 3.6 × 10
CFU/mL. No cross-reactions were detected when genomic DNA extracted from 12 different
strains and 20 other bacterial foodborne strains were tested, suggesting that the assay is highly specific. Finally, we evaluated the practical applications of the CPA assay for the detection of
in 150 food samples and found that its sensitivity and specificity, compared with real-time PCR, were approximately 98.18 and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, CPA combined with nucleic acid detection strips is easy to perform, requires simple equipment, and offers highly specific and sensitive
detection.
As one of the most promising acid-stable catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), MoSe2 was hampered by the limited quantity of active sites and poor conductivity, which severely impede the ...efficiency of hydrogen production. Different from heteroatoms doping and conductivity improvement, to address this issues, the electronic structure of active edge sites Se in MoSe2 were modulated by electron injection from ruthenium deposited on MoSe2 nanosheets. The Rh-MoSe2 nanocomposite exhibits great performance enhancement with a low onset potential of 3 mV and quite low overpotential of 31 mV (vs RHE), which is superior to almost all Rh-based and MoSe2-based electrocatalysts. Experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) simulations reveal that the performance improvement stems from the modulated electronic structure of Se atoms at the edge sites by electron transfer from metal Rh to MoSe2 support, which leads to a moderate ΔG H* value of 0.09 eV compared to 0.83 eV for MoSe2 and −0.26 eV for Rh.
Abstract Background Dysregulation of bile acids (BAs), as important signalling molecules in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism, contributes to the development of non‐alcoholic fatty liver ...disease (NAFLD). However, static BA profiles during fasting may obscure certain pathogenetic aspects. In this study, we investigate the dynamic alterations of BAs in response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) among children with NAFLD. Methods We recruited 230 subjects, including children with overweight/obesity, or complicated with NAFLD, and healthy controls. Serum BAs, 7‐hydroxy‐4‐cholesten‐3‐one (C4) and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) were quantified during OGTT. Clinical markers related to liver function, lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism were assessed at baseline or during OGTT. Findings Conjugated BAs increased while unconjugated ones decreased after glucose uptake. Most BAs were blunted in response to glucose in NAFLD ( p > .05); only glycine and taurine‐conjugated chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and cholic acid (CA) were responsive ( p < .05). Primary BAs were significantly increased while secondary BAs were decreased in NAFLD. C4 and FGF19 were significantly increased while their ratio FGF19/C4 ratio was decreased in NAFLD. The dynamic pattern of CDCA and taurine‐conjugated hyocholic acid (THCA) species was closely correlated with glucose (correlation coefficient r = .175 and −.233, p < .05), insulin ( r = .327 and −.236, p < .05) and c‐peptide ( r = .318 and −.238, p < .05). Among which, CDCA was positively associated with liver fat content in NAFLD ( r = .438, p < .05). Additionally, glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), CDCA and THCA were potential biomarkers to discriminate paediatric NAFLD from healthy controls and children with obesity. Interpretation This study provides novel insights into the dynamics of BAs during OGTT in paediatric NAFLD. The observed variations in CDCA and HCA species were associated with liver dysfunction, dyslipidaemia and dysglycaemia, highlighting their potential roles as promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets in NAFLD.
Cryopreservation of extremely few spermatozoa is still a major challenge for male fertility preservation. This study aims to evaluate the cooling rate, recovery rate, and retrieval rate, along with ...other parameters of spermatozoa that cryopreserved using Cryopiece, a novel carrier, for individual sperm cryopreservation.
Semen samples from 60 fertile donors were collected, and each semen sample was screened for motile sperm and mixed with cryoprotective agent (CPA), and then frozen using Cryopiece, micro-straw, and mini-straws. The cooling rate, retrieval rate, and recovery rate, morphology, DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), were compared among the un-frozen sperm and the sperm cryopreserved using these carriers.
Cryopiece possessed the fastest cooling rate. After freeze-thaw, the average retrieval rate of sperm cryopreserved using Cryopiece was 96.25%, and the average recovery rate was 64.40%, which were higher than that of sperm cryopreserved using the other two carriers (71.42% and 54.30% for micro-straw, and 63.54% and 58.04% for mini-straw, respectively). There was no significant impact on DFI after sperm cryopreservation, and no significant difference in morphology between sperm cryopreserved using these carriers was observed. Though MMP of sperm changed significantly after cryopreservation, micro-straw maintained sperm MMP better than Cryopiece and mini-straw did, while no significant difference was observed in MMP between sperm cryopreserved using Cryopiece and mini-straw.
Cryopiece produced satisfying retrieval and recovery rates in sperm cryopreservation and should be an ideal carrier for cryopreservation of small number of sperm.
Objective To investigate the effects of NDUFA4 overexpression on the growth of human colon cancer cells in vitro and to explore its potential mechanism. Methods The recombinant plasmid p-NDUFA4 ...(p-NDUFA4) and the control plasmid (p-Cont) were transiently transfected into human colon cancer HCT 116 cells, respectively. Then, the relative expression level of NDUFA4 was determined by Real-time PCR and Western blot. The proliferation and colony formation ability of HCT116 cells were detected by CCK-8 assay and clone formation assay. The mRNA expression levels of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, CDK3, CDK4 and CDK6 were determined by Real-time PCR. The expression levels of AKT (p-AKT) and ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2) were analyzed by Western blot. Results Compared with control group, the expression levels of NDUFA4 were increased remarkably in p-NDUFA4 group (all P<0.01). The proliferation and clone formation capacity of HCT116 cells in p-NDUFA4 group were obviously increased (all P<0.05). The expression of CDK2 and CDK3 mRNA
PDF
