Using recycled aggregates for substituting natural aggregates to prepare recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) has been regarded as an effective way to realize the sustainability of the construction ...industry. To promote RAC technologies in cold regions, it is necessary to ensure its frost durability. In this paper, three types of soft computing methods, including artificial neural network (ANN), Gaussian process regression (GPR), and multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), were used to model the frost durability of RAC based on the durability factor (DF) value. The results show that all the proposed models can predict DF values in good agreement with the experimental results. Compared with the GPR model and the MARS model, the ANN model showed the highest prediction accuracy. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the air-entraining type of RAC was the dominant variable that influenced the output for the experimental dataset and the three developed models.
•Innovative prediction models for the frost durability of RAC were proposed.•A comparison between the performance of proposed models was studied.•The sensitivity analysis of inputs on the output for proposed models was performed.
Background and Aims
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose induces severe liver injury and hepatic failure. While the activation of c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase (JNK) has been implicated as a mechanism in ...APAP‐induced liver injury, the hepatic defense system controlled by nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a central role in the mitigation of APAP toxicity. However, the link between the two signaling pathways in APAP‐induced liver injury (AILI) remains unclear.
Approach and Results
In this study, we demonstrated that the activation of JNK in mouse liver following exposure to APAP was correlated with the phosphorylation of Nrf2 and down‐regulation of the antioxidant response element (ARE)‐driven genes, NAD(P)H:quinone dehydrogenase 1, glutathione S‐transferase α3, glutathione S‐transferase M1, glutathione S‐transferase M5, and aldo‐keto reductase 1C. The JNK inhibitor, SP600125, or knockdown of JNK by infection of adenovirus expressing JNK small interfering RNA, ameliorated the APAP induced liver toxicity, and inhibited the phosphorylation of Nrf2 and down‐regulation of detoxifying enzymes by stabilizing the transcription factor. Mechanistically, JNK antagonized Nrf2‐ and ARE‐driven gene expression in a Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1–independent manner. Biochemical analysis revealed that phosphorylated JNK (P‐JNK) directly interacted with the Nrf2‐ECH homology (Neh) 1 domain of Nrf2 and phosphorylated the serine‐aspartate‐serine motif 1 (SDS1) region in the Neh6 domain of Nrf2.
Conclusions
Mass spectrometric analysis identified serine 335 in the SDS1 region of mNrf2 as the major phosphorylation site for modulation of Nrf2 ubiquitylation by P‐JNK. This study demonstrates that Nrf2 is a target of P‐JNK in AILI. Our finding may provide a strategy for the treatment of AILI.
This letter presents a geometrical localization approach that is able to locate a mobile station in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) and multipath conditions using time-of-arrival (TOA) and ...direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimates. The novelty of our work resides in converting the NLOS problem into a line-of-sight problem with virtual stations, even if the signal undergoes multiple-bound scattering, which has not been resolved in previous works. We also develop a two-step weighted least squares (TSWLS) positioning estimator using the hybrid TOA and DOA values. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Passive radio frequency identification (RFID) is a low cost and low complexity localization technology. With introduction of reference tags, RFID technology can provide on-line reference information ...for pattern matching localization algorithms. One of the most popular algorithms is k -nearest neighbor algorithm. While how to decide the K value in estimation is still a problem. In addition, traditional received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based algorithms suffer from multipath effects, it is difficult to further improve the localization accuracy. In this paper, we analyze the similarity of backscatter signals and present a novel range based indoor localization method, SAIL. According to the propagation distances of signals, reference tags that have similar distances to a reader antenna can be considered as a group. Inspired by the idea of grouping, clustering algorithm is utilized to get candidate tags for ranging. This method does not need to fix the number of reference tags in estimation. Besides RSSI, the RFID reader can also extract phase of signals coming from backscattered signals of responding tags. This guides us to combine RSSI and phase in similarity measure for clustering. In the simulation and experimental tests, SAIL is superior to other RFID schemes considering cost, location estimation error, and flexibility.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence against women worldwide. IPV during pregnancy is an important risk factor for adverse health outcomes for women and their ...offspring. However, the prevalence of IPV during pregnancy is not well understood in China. The objective of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of IPV during pregnancy in China using a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Systematic literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu and CBM databases to identify relevant articles published from the inception of each database to January 31, 2016 that reported data on the prevalence of IPV during pregnancy in China. The Risk of Bias Tool for prevalence studies was used to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. Owing to significant between-study heterogeneity, a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence interval, and then univariate meta-regression analyses were performed to investigate the sources of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the risk factors associated with IPV during pregnancy.
Thirteen studies with a total of 30,665 individuals were included in this study. The overall pooled prevalence of IPV during pregnancy was 7.7% (95% CI: 5.6-10.1%) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 97.8%, p < 0.001). The results of the univariate meta-regression analyses showed that only the variable "sample source" explained part of the heterogeneity in this study (p < 0.05). The characteristics "number of children" and "unplanned pregnancy" were determined as risk factors for experiencing violence during pregnancy.
The prevalence of IPV during pregnancy in China is considerable and one of the highest reported in Asia, which suggests that issues of violence against women during pregnancy should be included in efforts to improve the health of pregnant women and their offspring. In addition, a nationwide epidemiological study is needed to confirm the prevalence estimates and identify more risk factors for IPV during pregnancy.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The urgent need for clean and renewable energy and environmental awareness have promoted extensive research into creating a future sustainable energy supply system. Water electrolysis, considered the ...most promising technology for hydrogen production, has attracted much attention. A series of metal-nitrogen-carbon based heterogeneous electrocatalysts have been developed for HER and OER. Recent advances in this field are summarized here, including their structures, synthetic methods and especially highlighting the applications of several major kinds of catalysts in water splitting. Finally, the existing key challenges and research directions for enhancing performance are pointed out.
The recent developments of metal-nitrogen-carbon catalysts for electrochemical water splitting have been comprehensively summarized.
Traditional localization algorithms are vulnerable in multipath environment for passive UHF RFID tag localization. To improve the localization accuracy, this letter proposes a robust algorithm named ...residual weighted multidimensional scaling (RWMDS) based on the multipath channel model. The RWMDS algorithm first utilizes reader-to-tag distances derived from received signal phase. To obtain the squared distance matrix required in the algorithm, the inter-tag distances are estimated using a few reference tags by establishing the relationship between inter-tag distance and phase information vectors measurement. Based on the modeling of ranging error in multipath environment, the RWMDS lgorithm can be applied to determine the estimated locations of the tags through a few iterations. Simulation results show that the RWMDS algorithm achieves higher localization accuracy than traditional algorithms in multipath environment.
As the Internet of Things develops, indoor radio frequency identification (RFID)-based localization technique is getting more attention. However, there is much difficulty for improving RFID ...localization precision in non-line-of sight (NLOS) environment. The localization accuracy of conventional linear search algorithm is decreased exceedingly in NLOS environment. In this paper, compared with typical least square (LS) localization algorithm, a new indoor RFID-based localization algorithm is proposed to fulfill high accuracy in the electromagnetic wave propagation through NLOS environment. The new localization algorithm is a joint iterative phase reconstruction and weighted localization algorithm based on convex optimization. In NLOS environment, carrier phase difference calculated by RFID reader always has a positive bias value, which in turn causes a positive bias value for the computed distance from RFID reader to tag. Utilizing the positive effect of the NLOS phase measurements while restraining their negative effect, we propose a weighted localization algorithm using convex optimization. Iterative reconstruction is adopted for carrier phase difference calculated by RFID reader. Within each iteration process, phase is adjusted using previous carrier phase difference calculated by RFID reader and the previously estimated position of tag. The phase measurement platform made by ZTE Corporation is used to obtain the carrier phase difference of roundtrip signal between the tag and reader, and the tag position is estimated by taking the measured phase into the proposed localization algorithm. The results of the indoor experiment demonstrate the proposed algorithm comparatively has a high localization precision in NLOS environment, even though the typical LS localization algorithm does not work.
Insufficient water resources restrict wheat production in the North China Plain, so it is urgent and essential to improve the border irrigation performance and water use efficiency. This study ...developed a predesigned varied-discharge irrigation scheme in the closed-ended border. Field treatments, including continuous-discharge (CD), increased-discharge (ID) and decreased-discharge (DD) border irrigation tests, were conducted to evaluate the irrigation performance of the proposed varied-discharge scheme. The DD border irrigation treatment had great application efficiency (AE), distribution uniformity (DU) and requirement efficiency (RE), and its comprehensive evaluation indicator (Y) was also significantly higher than other treatments. DD treatment achieved the average AE, DU, RE and Y values of 91.4%, 95.5%, 99.5% and 95.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the hydraulic simulation model WinSRFR was used to optimize the scheme of predesigned varied-discharge border irrigation, and sensitivity analyses of infiltration parameters, roughness coefficient, slope and inflow rate were carried out. The results indicate that the predesigned varied-discharge border irrigation scheme can improve the irrigation performance, and the DD border irrigation scheme has more satisfactory robustness than that of the ID border irrigation scheme.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In this paper, we consider the problem of localizing the multiple distributed wideband chirp sources using the fractional Fourier transform. The model in the time domain and that in the fractional ...Fourier domain derived by the Taylor series expansion are presented respectively. The representation of location vector in the Dechirping domain is illustrated which is only related to the central angle. A novel direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm in the Dechirping domain is proposed, which is extended from the conventional multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm in the time domain. Using this algorithm, except for estimating the DOA, the incidence source number can be determined as well which is allowed to exceed the sensor number in the array. To demonstrate the performance of proposed algorithm, numerical results are conducted. Compared to the previous FrFT-MUSIC algorithm based on the assumption of point source model, the proposed algorithm performs a better estimation performance, especially for large angular spread and low signal-to-noise ratio.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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