This work explores the role of geometric phase (GP), which results from light induced conical intersection (LICI), in photodissociation process of the D2+ molecule through solving the time‐dependent ...Schrödinger equation. The dissociation results between two cases including GP and excluding GP are compared. Different from the case including GP, the angular distribution of photofragments excluding GP is non‐vanishing at θ=π/2 which is the angle between the molecular axis and the polarization direction of laser field. Furthermore, in strong field, when the initial vibrational energy is higher than the energy of LICI point, not only the photofragments distributions present obvious quantum interference structures, but also the angular distributions of the photofragments of two cases have opposite oscillatory structure around θ=π/2. This also shows that the GP effect and nonadiabatic effect of LICI are unified in photodissociation processes.
The time‐independent Schrödinger equation is solved in two cases including GP and excluding GP for the D2+ molecule. In strong field, when the initial vibrational energy is higher than the energy of LICI point, not only the photofragments distributions present obvious quantum interference structures, but also the angular distribution of photofragments excluding GP is nonvanishing around θ=π/2. We show that the GP effect and nonadiabatic effect of LICI are unified in photodissociation processes.
Polyaspartic acid (PASP) was used as a novel environmental-friendly depressant, and its inhibition effect on flotation performance of scheelite and calcite using sodium oleate (NaOL) as a collector ...was investigated by ways of flotation experiments, zeta potential measurement, contact angle measurement and infrared spectroscopic analysis (IR). The results show that PASP exhibits stronger inhibition capability and selectivity than acidified water glass, and the flotation separation of scheelite from calcite can be realized in the presence of 6 mg/L PASP and 20 mg/L NaOL at pH>6. In the presence of PASP, the zeta potential of calcite surface almost keeps unchanged after adding NaOL, and the contact angle decreases sharply. Therefore, it is indicated that PASP significantly decreases the adsorption of NaOL on calcite surface. By contrast, it has no distinct effect on the adsorption of NaOL on the scheelite surface, which is further confirmed by IR results.
A novel scheme for guiding arbitrary buffer-gas cooled neutral molecules in a hollow optical fiber （HOF） using a red-detuned HEll mode is proposed and analysed theoretically. We give the ...electromagnetic field distribution of the HEll mode in the HOF and calculate the optical potential of an 12 molecule, and study the molecule guiding mechanism using a classical Monte Carlo simulation. Using a 6 kW input laser, an S-shape HOF with a 2 cm curvature radius for both bends, and an input molecular beam with a transverse temperature of 0.5 K and longitudinal temperature of 5 K, we obtain a guiding efficiency of -0.126% for the scheme, and the transverse and longitudinal temperatures of the guided molecular beam are 1.9 mK and 0.5 K, respectively.
In this paper, we design a super-stable optical interferometer with multi-pass to estimate an unknown phase by using single photon, two-entangled photons, four-entangled photons and distinguishable ...four-photons. By jointing photon counting measurements, we find that these schemes enable us to estimate an unknown phase with a considerable high precision and beat the standard quantum limit under a certain condition.
In this paper, we propose a super-radiant measurement scheme to achieve Heisenberg limit super-resolving displacement estimation by encoding multiple light momenta into a three-level atomic ensemble ...with multiple
photons. And by the Wang's method (Phys. Rev. Lett. 2014, 113, 083601), we use
coherent pulses to prepare a
-excitation super-radiant state in a super-position of two timed Dicke states that are
light momenta apart in the momentum space. The phase difference between these two states induced by a uniform displacement of the atomic ensemble has
sensitivity. In the end, we introduce two experiments based on Ramsey interferometry in crystal and in ultracold atoms.
Abstract
This work explores the role of geometric phase (GP), which results from light induced conical intersection (LICI), in photodissociation process of the
molecule through solving the ...time‐dependent Schrödinger equation. The dissociation results between two cases including GP and excluding GP are compared. Different from the case including GP, the angular distribution of photofragments excluding GP is non‐vanishing at
which is the angle between the molecular axis and the polarization direction of laser field. Furthermore, in strong field, when the initial vibrational energy is higher than the energy of LICI point, not only the photofragments distributions present obvious quantum interference structures, but also the angular distributions of the photofragments of two cases have opposite oscillatory structure around
. This also shows that the GP effect and nonadiabatic effect of LICI are unified in photodissociation processes.
AIM: To investigate Chinese physicians’ awareness of the 2010 guidelines on the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection.METHODS: This was a quantitative survey that investigated the ...characteristics and practices of physicians who were treating patients with hepatitis B, the profile of their patients and physician practices regarding the diagnosis and treatment of HBV at the time of the survey. Participants were randomly selected from available databases of Chinese physicians and requested to complete either an online or paper-based survey. Data from the survey responses were analysed. For data validation and interpretation, qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 39 of the respondents.RESULTS: Five-hundred completed surveys, from 663 physicians were available for analysis. A mean of 175 chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients was seen by each physician every month, of whom 85(49%) were treated in line with therapeutic indications stated in the 2010 guidelines. A total of 444(89%) physicians often(> 60% of the time) adhered to the guidelines. Most physicians used antiviral medications as recommended. For patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, 342(68%) and 336(67%) of physicians, respectively, often followed the recommendation to use potent nucleos(t)ide analogues with a high genetic barrier to resistance, using the appropriate treatment more than 60% of the time. Physicians from infectious disease or liver disease departments were better informed than those from gastrointestinal or other departments.CONCLUSION: The majority of Chinese physicians often adhere to Chinese 2010 CHB guidelines and are well-informed about the use of antiviral medications for hepatitis B.
In some typical schemes, the receivers must know the information of a non-maximally entangled state for quantum teleportation. In this paper, using a generalized measurement, we propose a scheme of ...probabilistic teleportation via a quantum GHZ-entangled state, which is known by only the sender.
•Biochar reduced runoff volumes and ratios of slopping land.•Biochar decreased the concentrations of N and P in the runoff.•Biochar has induced significant reduction of the nutrients losses.•Biochar ...exhibits a risk of increasing sediment loss under tillage conditions.
The effects of biochar on runoff and loss of soil and nutrients in the subtropical regions of China are rarely documented. Two field experiments, an orchard and a cropland field were set up, involving two treatments: biochar (BC) and no-biochar (NBC). The effects of BC on runoff volumes and ratios, sediment yield and the level of nutrient losses were monitored and evaluated over three years (2014–2016). Results showed that the treatment of BC induced a significant reduction in the runoff and nutrients losses. By plotting the data collected for the BC application, we observed that the average annual runoff decreased by 19–28%, whereas the average annual sediment yield by 11%. The cumulative values of total nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses were also substantially minimized by the BC treatment compared with the NBC one (P<0.05). However, the average annual concentrations of total N and P losses as obtained from the BC plots (16.21mgL−1 and 0.72–0.99mgL−1) were still high, and exceeding the wastewater discharge standard (N: 15mgL−1 and P: 0.5mgL−1). In addition, under tillage conditions, the BC application led to larger sediments yield (6.5gm−2) in contrast with the NBC treatment (5.5gm−2). In general, these findings can suggest that BC exhibits a vital efficiency in the control of soil erosion process, but there is a risk of increasing sediment loss under tillage conditions, which might need to be made up by combined with biological and agronomic managements such as straw mulching or adding polyacrylamide into soil in order to control further soil erosion.
A novel three‐phase hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction was developed based on reverse micelle as extraction solvent and acceptor phase, and compared with conventional two‐phase hollow fiber ...liquid‐phase microextraction. Both procedures were used in the extraction and concentration of four cinnamic acids (caffeic acid, p‐hydroxycinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and cinnamic acid) in traditional Chinese medicines prior to high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. Parameters affecting the two procedures were investigated and optimized to obtain the optimum enrichment factors. The mechanism of the developed procedure was explored and elucidated by comparison with conventional two‐phase hollow fiber liquid‐phase microextraction. Under the optimized conditions, the analytes’ enrichment factors were between 50 and 118 for the proposed procedure, and 31–96 for conventional two‐phase mode. Satisfactory linear ranges (r2 ≥ 0.99), detection limits (0.1–0.6 ng/mL), precisions (<9.2%), and accuracies (recoveries: 80–123.1%) were observed for the two procedures. The results showed that the enrichment capacity of the proposed procedure for the cinnamic acids is better than that of conventional two‐phase procedure, and both are eco‐friendly, simple, and effective for the enrichment and detection of cinnamic acids in traditional Chinese medicines.
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