Long‐term (from 2005 to 2016) trends in wet SO42− deposition across China are assessed using Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) SO2 columns within the planetary boundary layer. The models for ...estimating monthly SO42− deposition from precipitation in eight ecological regions are constructed based on SO2 columns and ground‐based measurements. An accuracy assessment shows that the models achieve highly precise predictive values for monthly deposition (R = 0.93, with a relative/absolute error of −0.1/0.3 kg S · ha−1 · month−1). In terms of spatial distribution, SO42− deposition shows substantial variations across China, ranging from 0.9 to 63.9 kg S · ha−1 · year−1, with an average of 10.4 kg S · ha−1 · year−1. Additionally, wet SO42− deposition shows significant seasonal variations, increasing from January to July and then decreasing thereafter. Regarding long‐term trends, the wet SO42− deposition in northern, central, and southern China decreased at rates of 0.009, 0.001, and 0.0009 kg S · ha−1 · month−1, respectively. In contrast, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai‐Tibet, and northwest and northeast China showed increasing deposition trends. In general, the wet SO42− deposition in 2016 decreased by 4.3% from that in 2005 on a national scale, indicating that air quality policies to control SO2 emissions have had some effects on wet SO42− deposition.
Key Points
Wet SO42− deposition is estimated from OMI PBL SO2 columns in China
The average wet SO42− deposition is 10.4 kg S · ha−1 · year−1 across China
Wet SO42− deposition significantly decreased in the NC, CC, and SC regions from 2005 to 2016
Implantation is an essential issue in orthopedic surgery. Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), as a kind of novel materials, attract lots of attentions in biological field owing to their comprehensive ...excellent properties. Here, we show that a Zr61Ti2Cu25Al12 (at. %) BMG (Zr-based BMG) displays the best cytocompatibility, pronounced positive effects on cellular migration, and tube formation from in-vitro tests as compared to those of commercial-pure titanium and poly-ether-ether-ketone. The in-vivo micro-CT and histological evaluation demonstrate the Zr-based BMG can significantly promote a bone formation. Immunofluorescence tests and digital reconstructed radiographs manifest a stimulated effect on early blood vessel formation from the Zr-based BMG. Accordingly, the intimate connection and coupling effect between angiogenesis and osteogenesis must be effective during bone regeneration after implanting Zr-based BMG. Dynamic gait analysis in rats after implanting Zr-based BMG demonstrates a tendency to decrease the pain level during recovery, simultaneously, without abnormal ionic accumulation and inflammatory reactions. Considering suitable mechanical properties, we provide a realistic candidate of the Zr61Ti2Cu25Al12 BMG for biomedical applications.
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•Zr-based metallic glass can promote a bone formation and achieve a stimulated effect on early blood vessel formation.•The pain level during recovery in rats is decreased after implanting Zr-based metallic glass from dynamic gait analysis.•A realistic candidate of the Zr-based metallic glass for biomedical applications is provided.
To investigate the expression of MSI1 and HER2 in mammary Paget's disease, and the correlation between the expression levels of MSI1 and HER2 and the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis ...of the patients.
Clinical data and paraffin-embedded specimens of 34 pairs of mammary Paget's disease and underlying breast cancer were collected at the Department of Pathology, Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from March 2011 to December 2019. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of MSI1 and HER2 in mammary Paget's disease and the accompanying breast cancer, and to analyze the correlation between the expression levels of MSI1 and HER2 and their clinicopathologic features, as well as their influence on prognosis.
In mammary Paget's disease, the positive rate of MSI1 was 91.2% (31/34) and the positive rate of HER2 was 88.2% (30/34); the expression of MSI1 and HER2 was positively correlated (
=0.001,
=0.530). The expression of MSI1 was positively correlated with
In the study to identify key genes and molecular markers related to Pinus armandii Franch growth and to obtain shorten breeding cycles, we selected 209 single plants from six seed sources from a ...clonal P. armandii seed orchard on Zixi Mountain, Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province, China and examined tree height and diameter at breast height (DBH) traits. We then studied single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers related to tree height and DBH using Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and predicted candidate genes associated with growth traits using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to preliminarily verify these genes. We identified 13 SNP loci in the population, of which six and seven SNPs were related to DBH and tree height, respectively. We also identified a candidate gene caffeoyl-CoA-O-methyltransferase (CCoAOMT) which has important roles in lignin monomer synthesis. Another candidate gene cellulose synthase A2 (CesA2) was involved in cellulose synthesis in different organs, tissue, and the cell wall. The SNP marker (Marker227806) was associated with DBH, the genotypes of marker227806 in 209 samples of P. armandii. In total, 175 samples had homozygous (GG) and 34 had heterozygous (GT) genotypes, and average DBH values were 23.80 cm and 26.10 cm, respectively, indicating significant differences between two genotypes for DBH (P = 0.037, < 0.05), which could be used for optimal DBH selection. The candidate genes CCoAOMT and CesA2 were evaluated by qPCR and AT5G42190 was selected as an internal reference gene. Needle (ZY), bark (SP), root (SG), phloem (RP), and xylem (MZ) tissues from 15 samples were used to analyze gene expression, with CCoAOMT and CesA2 identified in all tissue, but expression was highest in RP and relatively low in SP tissue, with significant differences observed. Both genes were preliminarily related to P. armandii growth traits and may be implicated in DBH and tree height. Our study provides important information for the genetic improvement of P. armandii.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, FFLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To explore the risk factors of short-term prognosis of severe BCS patients,established and verified the nomogram prediction model for these BCS patients and evaluated its clinical application value.
...This study is a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 171 patients with severe BCS diagnosed were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to December 2023. There were 105 males and 66 females, aged (52.1±12.8) years (range: 18 to 79 years). The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they died within 28 days: the death group (
=38) and the survival group (
=133). The risk factors for short-term death of patients were analyzed,and independent risk factors were screened by univariate and multivariate analysis. Furthermore,these factors were used to establish the nomogram prediction model. The area under the curve(AUC),the Bootstrap Resampling,the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and the Decision Cur
Using polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs), an electrically switchable binary phase pattern was fabricated to generate Airy beams through a programmable lithographic system. The right main lobe ...of the reconstructed Airy beam experienced 1.3 mm transverse deflection within 24 cm propagation distance. With a suitable voltage applied, the binary PDLC pattern can be erased due to the index match between polymers and liquid crystals. This versatile approach can be also used to generate other special beams with electrically tunable capability.
Micro Pattern Gas Detector (MPGD) coupled to an optical imaging system is a good candidate for detecting polarization of X-ray, dark matter, neutron, etc. In this paper, a MicroMegas detector is ...designed for detecting the photoelectron track of X-ray, which working gas compose of an Ar+CF4 mixture and optical signal readout with an ICCD. The correlation of scintillation light intensity and electrical current is obtained in the varying strength of the electric field at avalanche region, and the position resolution is 385 μm. The clear track images of the 241Am alpha source and 5.9 KeV X-ray are obtained, and the X-ray imaging is achieved in the experiment.
Synergetic double-sided probeless friction stir spot welding is a novel process proposed in this study, which is used to solve the contradiction between the improvement of metallurgical bonding and ...deterioration of hook defect. The effect of the coordinated movement of the tools on the joint formation was evaluated based on the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian technique. By flexibly adjusting the welding parameters on both sides, the mechanical interlock caused by hook defect could be effectively regulated while significantly improving the metallurgical bonding, due to the enhancement of thermo-mechanical cycle along the thickness direction. According to the microstructure analysis, the interfacial evolution was ascribed to the combined effects of plastic deformation, material flow, atom diffusion, and recrystallization, as well as local abrasion. In addition, the microhardness profile exhibited a uniform distribution. Based on the above characteristics, the technology is expected to obtain higher strength joints, which will promote its applications in the manufacture fields.
OBJECTIVETo make a retrospective analysis of the situation and process of treating skiers' injuries in the medical station of the Wanlong ski resort in Chongli and the nearest treatment hospital, and ...to provide a basis for the establishment and optimization of the treatment process between the medical station of the Winter Olympics ski resort and the nearest treatment hospital, and to gain experience for medical security of mass skiing. METHODSThe data of all ski injuries in Chongli District were collected from the medical station of the Wanlong ski resort during the 2018-2019 snow season (November 2018 to April 2019) and the nearest treatment hospital during two periods (March 2019, and November 2019 to January 2020). The differences of injury causes, injury types, injury sites, and treatment effects of the injured skiers were analyzed. RESULTSA total of 755 cases of ski injuries were recorded in the medical station of Wanlong ski resort, the estimated incidence of injury was 2.02‰ per day. The nearest treat
We present deep optical spectrophotometry of 12 Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) and three Magellanic Cloud PNe. Nine of the Galactic PNe were observed by scanning the slit of the spectrograph across ...the nebula, yielding relative line intensities for the entire nebula that are suitable for comparison with integrated nebular fluxes measured in other wavelength regions. In this paper we use the fluxes of collisionally excited lines (CELs) from the nebulae to derive electron densities and temperatures, and ionic abundances. We find that the nebular electron densities derived from optical CEL ratios are systematically higher than those derived from the ratios of the infrared (IR) fine-structure (FS) lines of O iii. The latter have lower critical densities than the typical nebular electron densities derived from optical CELs, indicating the presence of significant density variations within the nebulae, with the IR CELs being biased towards lower density regions. We find that for several nebulae the electron temperatures obtained from O ii and N ii optical CELs are significantly affected by recombination excitation of one or more of the CELs. When allowance is made for recombination excitation, much better agreement is obtained with the electron temperatures obtained from optical O iii lines. We also compare electron temperatures obtained from the ratio of optical nebular to auroral O iii lines with temperatures obtained from the ratio of O iii optical lines to O iii IR FS lines. We find that when the latter are derived using electron densities based on the O iii52 μm/88 μm line ratio, they yield values that are significantly higher than the optical O iii electron temperatures. In contrast to this, O iii optical/IR temperatures derived using the higher electron densities obtained from optical Cl iiiλ5517/λ5537 ratios show much closer agreement with optical O iii electron temperatures, implying that the observed O iii optical/IR ratios are significantly weighted by densities in excess of the critical densities of both O iii FS lines. Consistent with this, ionic abundances derived from O iii and N iii FS lines using electron densities from optical CELs show much better agreement with abundances derived for the same ions from optical and ultraviolet CELs than do abundances derived from the FS lines using the lower electron densities obtained from the observed O iii52 μm/88 μm ratios. The behaviour of these electron temperatures, obtained making use of the temperature-insensitive O iii IR FS lines, provides no support for significant temperature fluctuations within the nebulae being responsible for derived Balmer jump electron temperatures that are lower than temperatures obtained from the much more temperature sensitive O iii optical lines.
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