A novel cryogenic cycle by using a binary mixture as working fluids and combined with a vapor absorption process was proposed to improve the energy recovery efficiency of an LNG (liquefied natural ...gas) cold power generation. The cycle was simulated with seawater as the heat source and LNG as the heat sink, and the optimization of the power generated per unit LNG was performed. Tetrafluoromethane (CF
4) and propane (C
3H
8) were employed as the working fluids. The effects of the working fluid composition, the recirculation rate of the C
3H
8-rich solution and the turbine intermediate pressure were investigated. In the cryogenic absorber, the C
3H
8-rich liquid absorbs the CF
4-rich vapor so that the mixture exhausting from the turbine can be fully condensed at a reduced pressure. This reduction of turbine back pressure can considerably improve the cycle efficiency. The presented cycle was compared with the C
3H
8 ORC (organic Rankine cycle), to show such performance improvement. It is found that the novel cycle is considerably superior to the ORC. The efficiency is increased by 66.3% and the optimized LNG recovery temperature is around −60 °C.
► A novel cryogenic cycle with a vapor absorption process for improving the energy recovery efficiency of an LNG (liquefied natural gas) cold power generation is proposed. ► Propane (C
3H
8) and tetrafluoromethane (CF
4) are employed as the working fluid. ► The performance improvement of the power cycle has been compared with that of an C
3H
8 ORC (organic Rankine cycle). ► The results show that the novel cycle is considerably superior to the ORC. ► The efficiency is increased by 66.3% and the optimized LNG recovery temperature is about −60 °C.
Error processing and inhibitory control enable the adjustment of behaviors to meet task demands. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies report brain activation abnormalities in patients with ...obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) during both processes. However, conclusions are limited by inconsistencies in the literature and small sample sizes. Therefore, the aim here was to perform a meta-analysis of the existing literature using unthresholded statistical maps from previous studies.
A voxelwise seed-based d mapping meta-analysis was performed using t-maps from studies comparing patients with OCD and healthy control subjects (HCs) during error processing and inhibitory control. For the error processing analysis, 239 patients with OCD (120 male; 79 medicated) and 229 HCs (129 male) were included, while the inhibitory control analysis included 245 patients with OCD (120 male; 91 medicated) and 239 HCs (135 male).
Patients with OCD, relative to HCs, showed longer inhibitory control reaction time (standardized mean difference = 0.20, p = .03, 95% confidence interval = 0.016, 0.393) and more inhibitory control errors (standardized mean difference = 0.22, p = .02, 95% confidence interval = 0.039, 0.399). In the brain, patients showed hyperactivation in the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, supplementary motor area, and pre-supplementary motor area as well as right anterior insula/frontal operculum and anterior lateral prefrontal cortex during error processing but showed hypoactivation during inhibitory control in the rostral and ventral anterior cingulate cortices and bilateral thalamus/caudate, as well as the right anterior insula/frontal operculum, supramarginal gyrus, and medial orbitofrontal cortex (all seed-based d mapping z value >2, p < .001).
A hyperactive error processing mechanism in conjunction with impairments in implementing inhibitory control may underlie deficits in stopping unwanted compulsive behaviors in the disorder.
Protamine, a polymer cationic peptide, originates from fish milt, an aquatic bioresource produced in massive quantities as a byproduct of fish processing. Protamine has been used as a heparin ...antagonist, hemostatic agent in the medical field and as an antimicrobial agent in the food industry. However, few studies have examined its flocculation activity. To investigate the applications of protamine extracted from carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus) as a flocculating agent in microalgal cells, protamine extracts were prepared by digestion with sulfuric acid and purified by ion-exchange chromatography. The results showed that purified protamine was rich in lysine (39.24%) but low in arginine (1.92%). Carp protamine showed good flocculation activity towards Tetraselmis subcordiformis, with the flocculation rate reaching 85.00% at a protamine concentration of 20 mg/L. However, lower flocculation rates were observed for Dunaliella salina (23.56%) and Chlorella vulgaris (9.65%) at the same protamine concentration. After flocculation, precipitated T. subcordiformis cells were viable and could be recultured in fresh medium, showing similar growth curves as the original culture. Additionally, residual cells in the upper liquid were recultured and flocculated by protamine again, with a flocculation rate reaching 84.20% at a protamine concentration of 20 mg/L. The flocculating effect may be related in part to the electrostatic affinity of protamine to the negative surface charges of microalgal cells. The flocculation activity of carp protamine showed potential for use in harvesting of microalgal cells in the aquaculture industry. Furthermore, our results may have applications in the development of new approaches for promoting the high-value utilization of fish milt.
•This work provides the first data concerning the use of carp protamine for the flocculation in microalgal cells.•The Lys-rich protamine flocculated T. subcordiformis cells efficiently with a flocculation rate reaching 85.00% at 20 mg/L.•Exposure to carp protamine had no obvious effects on the survival of T. subcordiformis cells.
Immune homeostasis is achieved by balancing the activating and inhibitory signal transduction pathways mediated via cell surface receptors. Activation allows the host to mount an immune response to ...endogenous and exogenous antigens; suppressive modulation via inhibitory signaling protects the host from excessive inflammatory damage. The checkpoint regulation of myeloid cells during immune homeostasis raised their profile as important cellular targets for treating allergy, cancer and infectious disease. This review focuses on the structure and signaling of inhibitory receptors on myeloid cells, with particular attention placed on how the interplay between viruses and these receptors regulates antiviral immunity. The status of targeting inhibitory receptors on myeloid cells as a new therapeutic approach for antiviral treatment will be analyzed.
It is reported that miR-26a-5p could regulate neuronal development, but its underlying mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression is unclear.
APP (swe)/PS1 (ΔE9) transgenic mice served as AD ...mice. Morris water maze test was used to measure the spatial learning and memory ability of mice. The expressions of miR-26a-5p, DYRK1A, phosphorylated-Tau, Aβ40, and Aβ42 were detected. The relationship between miR- 26a-5p and DYRK1A was explored using dual luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-26a- 5p on AD mice was determined.
AD mice walked a lot of wrong ways to find the platform area and the latency time to reach the platform was longer. There was low expression of MiR-26a-5p in AD mice. Overexpression of miR-26a-5p inhibited Tau phosphorylation and Aβ accumulation. MiR-26a-5p negatively regulated DYRK1A via targeting its 3'UTR. In vivo, increased miR-26a-5p down-regulated Aβ40, Aβ42, p-APP and p-Tau levels in AD mice through decreasing DYRK1A. Meanwhile, the swimming path and the latency time, to reach the platform, was shorten after enhancing miR-26a-5p expression.
Overexpression of miR-26a-5p could repress Tau phosphorylation and Aβ accumulation via down-regulating DYRK1A level in AD mice.
LGBTQ+ youth experience mental health disparities and higher rates of mental disorders due to barriers to accessing care, including insufficient services and the anticipated stigma of revealing their ...identities. This systematic review incorporated 15 empirical studies on digital interventions’ impact on LGBTQ+ youth mental health, examining their potential to address these inequities. This study innovatively categorized existing digital interventions into four streams: Structured Formal (telehealth, online programs), Structured Informal (serious games), Unstructured Formal (mobile applications), and Unstructured Informal (social media). We found that S&F and U&F effectively reduced symptoms. U&F showed potential but required enhancement, while U&I fostered resilience but posed risks. Further integration of emerging technologies like virtual reality may strengthen these interventions. This review identifies the characteristics of effective digital health interventions and evaluates the overall potential of digital technologies in improving LGBTQ+ youth mental health, uniquely contributing insights on digital solutions advancing LGBTQ+ youth mental healthcare.
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism for phenotypic diversification in all forms of life. We previously described remarkable cell-to-cell heterogeneity in epigenetic pattern within a ...clonal population of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a leading human pathogen. We here report that the epigenetic diversity is caused by extensive DNA inversions among hsdSA, hsdSB, and hsdSC, three methyltransferase hsdS genes in the Spn556II type-I restriction modification (R-M) locus. Because hsdSA encodes the sequence recognition subunit of this type-I R-M DNA methyltransferase, these site-specific recombinations generate pneumococcal cells with variable HsdSA alleles and thereby diverse genome methylation patterns. Most importantly, the DNA methylation pattern specified by the HsdSA1 allele leads to the formation of opaque colonies, whereas the pneumococci lacking HsdSA1 produce transparent colonies. Furthermore, this HsdSA1-dependent phase variation requires intact DNA methylase activity encoded by hsdM in the Spn556II (renamed colony opacity determinant or cod) locus. Thus, the DNA inversion-driven ON/OFF switch of the hsdSA1 allele in the cod locus and resulting epigenetic switch dictate the phase variation between the opaque and transparent phenotypes. Phase variation has been well documented for its importance in pneumococcal carriage and invasive infection, but its molecular basis remains unclear. Our work has discovered a novel epigenetic cause for this significant pathobiology phenomenon in S. pneumoniae. Lastly, our findings broadly represents a significant advancement in our understanding of bacterial R-M systems and their potential in shaping epigenetic and phenotypic diversity of the prokaryotic organisms because similar site-specific recombination systems widely exist in many archaeal and bacterial species.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
With the rapid development of mobile Internet, the social network has become an important platform for users to receive, release, and disseminate information. In order to get more valuable ...information and implement effective supervision on public opinions, it is necessary to study the public opinions, sentiment tendency, and the evolution of the hot events in social networks of a smart city. In view of social networks’ characteristics such as short text, rich topics, diverse sentiments, and timeliness, this paper conducts text modeling with words co-occurrence based on the topic model. Besides, the sentiment computing and the time factor are incorporated to construct the dynamic topic-sentiment mixture model (TSTS). Then, four hot events were randomly selected from the microblog as datasets to evaluate the TSTS model in terms of topic feature extraction, sentiment analysis, and time change. The results show that the TSTS model is better than the traditional models in topic extraction and sentiment analysis. Meanwhile, by fitting the time curve of hot events, the change rules of comments in the social network is obtained.
Lithium-rich manganese-based layered cathode materials are considered to be one of the best options for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, owing to their ultra-high specific capacity (>250 ...mAh·g−1) and platform voltage. However, their poor cycling stability, caused by the release of lattice oxygen as well as the electrode/electrolyte side reactions accompanying complex phase transformation, makes it difficult to use this material in practical applications. In this work, we suggest a molybdenum surface modification strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2. The Mo-modified Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 material exhibits an enhanced discharge specific capacity of up to 290.5 mAh·g−1 (20 mA·g−1) and a capacity retention rate of 82% (300 cycles at 200 mA·g−1), compared with 261.2 mAh·g−1 and a 70% retention rate for the material without Mo modification. The significantly enhanced performance of the modified material can be ascribed to the formation of a Mo-compound-involved nanolayer on the surface of the materials, which effectively lessens the electrolyte corrosion of the cathode, as well as the activation of Mo6+ towards Ni2+/Ni4+ redox couples and the pre-activation of a Mo compound. This study offers a facile and effective strategy to address the poor cyclability of lithium-rich manganese-based layered cathode materials.
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