The development of highly effective and minimally invasive approaches for cancer treatment is the ultimate goal. Herein, an injectable hybrid hydrogel as a biomimetic cascade bioreactor is designed ...for combination antitumor therapy by providing spatiotemporally-controlled and long-term delivery of therapeutic agents. This hybrid nanozyme@hydrogel (hPB@gellan) is doped with Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles
via
the
in situ
nanoprecipitation method in the polysaccharide gellan matrix. The obtained PB nanoparticles have a small size of 10 nm and play dual roles as a photothermal agent with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 59.6% and as a nanozyme to decompose hydrogen peroxide into oxygen. By incorporating glucose oxidase (GOD) into the hybrid hydrogel, a cascade bioreactor is formed for PB-promoted glucose consumption. Owing to its shear-thinning and self-recovery properties, the hybrid hydrogel is locally administered into tumors, and shows long-term resistance against body clearance and metabolism. The
in vivo
antitumor results demonstrate that the tumors in the group of combined photothermal and starvation therapy (GOD/hPB@gellan + NIR) are greatly eliminated with a tumor suppression rate of 99.7% 22 days after the treatment. The outstanding antitumor performance is attributed to the main attack by NIR-triggered hyperthermia and the holding attack by GOD-mediated starvation from the catalytic bioreactor of the hybrid hydrogel. Taking into consideration the advantages of biosafety, simple synthetic approaches and facile manipulation in treatment, the hybrid hydrogel has great potential for clinical translation.
The development of highly effective and minimally invasive approaches for cancer treatment is the ultimate goal.
A benzothiazole-based turn-on fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift (190nm) has been developed for hypochlorous acid detection. The probe displays prompt fluorescence response for HClO with ...excellent selectivity over other reactive oxygen species as well as a low detection limit of 0.08μM. The sensing mechanism involves the HClO-induced specific oxidation of oxime moiety of the probe to nitrile oxide, which was confirmed by HPLC-MS technique. Furthermore, imaging studies demonstrated that the probe is cell permeable and can be applied to detect HClO in living cells.
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•A new benzothiazole-based turn-on fluorescent probe 1 was developed for ClO−.•Probe 1 features high sensitivity (LOD: 0.08μM) and selectivity to ClO−.•The sensing mechanism was confirmed by HPLC-MS technique.•Probe 1 was utilized for monitoring ClO− in live cells.
A new liposomal carrier embedded with a ratiometric fluorescent probe PNO is prepared. The integrated liposomes (PNO‐LIPs) exhibit blue fluorescence in serum. Triggered by the thiols exogenously or ...endogenously, PNO‐LIPs collapse with a burst drug release and a concurrent fluorescence change from blue to green. Furthermore, DOX‐loaded PNO‐LIPs improve the intracellular drug bioavailability.
The simple peptide Fmoc-tyrosine (Fmoc-Y) with a self-assembled nanofiber structure was incorporated into Ca-alginate hydrogels to create an interpenetrating network (IPN) hybrid hydrogel. SEM and CD ...analysis was employed to confirm the integrity of the Fmoc-Y nanofiber structure. In the IPN hybrid hydrogel, the self-assembled Fmoc-Y nanofiber hydrogel can reinforce the Ca-alginate network. The IPN hydrogel exhibits enhanced storage moduli and fracture energy, about several times compared to those of Ca-alginate, Fmoc-Y and semi-IPN hydrogels. Furthermore, the IPN hydrogel reveals minimal release (less than 1%) for hydrophilic small molecules at acidic pH and sustained release at physiological pH, which can be achieved by simply tuning the Fmoc-Y concentration. Owing to the cost-efficiency of the raw materials and ease of fabrication, the synthesized hybrid hydrogels provide new options for diverse applications.
Herein, a novel tunable electrocatalytic nanobiointerface for the construction of a high-sensitivity and high-selectivity biofuel-cell (BFC)-based self-powered biosensor for the detection of ...transcription factor protein p53 is reported, in which bilirubin oxidase (BOD)/DNA supramolecular modified graphene/platinum nanoparticles hybrid nanosheet (GPNHN) works as a new enhanced material of biocathode to control the attachment of target, and thus tune the electron-transfer process of oxygen reduction for transducing signaling magnification. It is found that in the presence of p53, the strong interaction between the wild-type p53 and its consensus DNA sequence on the electrode surface can block the electron transfer from the BOD to the electrode, thus providing a good opportunity for reducing the electrocatalytic activity of oxygen reduction in the biocathode. This in combination with the glucose oxidation at the carbon nanotube/Meldola's blue/glucose dehydrogenase bioanode can result in a current/or power decrease of BFC in the presence of wild-type p53. The specially designed BFC-based self-powered p53 sensor shows a wide linear range from 1 pM to 1 μM with a detection limit of 1 pM for analyzing wild-type p53. Most importantly, our BFC-based self-powered sensors can detect the concentrations of wild-type p53 in normal and cancer cell lysates without any extensive sample pretreatment/separation or specialized instruments. The present BFC-based self-powered sensor can provide a simple, economical, sensitive, and rapid way for analyzing p53 protein in normal and cancer cells at clinical level, which shows great potential for creating the treatment modalities that capitalize on the concentration variation of the wild-type p53.
Hollow structured mesoporous materials have attracted great interest in recent years. We present a new glucose biosensor based on dual function hollow structured mesoporous Prussian Blue (PB) ...mesocrystals (HMPB). HMPB serve as both a scaffold carrier matrix to immobilize the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx-HMPB) on the electrode and as a redox mediator to H
2
O
2
, the by-product of GOx catalyzed glucose reaction. The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) calculation based on nitrogen adsorption isotherm measurement indicates a ∼20 nm mesoporous outer shell and a ∼60 nm hollow cavity of HMPB that provide a large area (258 m
2
g
−1
) for GOx loading. The larger surface area of HMPB compared to solid PB makes it much easier to reduce the HMPB at lower applied potential (0.130 V). The HMPB display enhanced sensitivity towards glucose detection due to increased GOx loading and increased catalytic sites of HMPB with the linear detection range from 0.05 to 7.3 mM, a limit of detection of 0.04 mM (S/N = 3) and a fast response time (within 6 s). The detected glucose level in human serum samples is in good agreement with the data from hospital clinical measurements. The data demonstrate that the HMPB mesocrystals acted effectively as both a redox mediator to H
2
O
2
and a good enzyme carrier, suggesting that the strategy can be applied to other electroactive hollow mesoporous materials to prepare simplified biosensors for a wide range of clinical applications.
Dual function hollow structured mesoporous Prussian blue mesocrystals (HMPB) serve both as a scaffold carrier matrix to load the enzyme glucose oxidase and as a redox mediator of H
2
O
2
, the by-product of glucose oxidase catalyzed glucose reaction. The red and blue symbols represent glucose oxidase and HMPB, respectively.
Manganese dioxide (MnO
2
)-based nanomaterials can be used as sulfur host, improving the cycle stability by inhibiting the shuttle effects of polysulfide through chemisorption with the polar host. In ...this work, we design a novel soft template synthesis of acetylene black and MnO
2
nanosheets (AB/MnO
2
) composites by simple and cost-effective methodology. The AB/MnO
2
was used as a highly efficient sulfur host for advanced lithium–sulfur batteries. The cheap and highly conductive AB facilitates fast electron transport. The polar host, MnO
2
nanosheets, provides chemical interactions and efficiently impedes the dissolution of polysulfide. Accordingly, the cathodes AB/MnO
2
–S (4:1) and AB/MnO
2
–S (1:1) with 67 and 70 wt% sulfur content deliver the initial discharge specific capacity of 1326 and 1113 mA h g
−1
at the current density of 837.5 mA g
−1
(0.5 C), respectively. Particularly, the AB/MnO
2
–S (1:1) cathode shows the most stable coulombic efficiency and cyclability compared with AB/S cathode after 200 cycles. In addition, the AB/MnO
2
–S (4:1) cathode exhibits a capacity of 1071 mA h g
−1
at the current density of 1675 mA g
–1
(1 C). Along with this green and cost-effective protocol of synthesis, we expect that the AB/MnO
2
composites have potential application in advanced Li–S batteries.
Phenol-modified hyper-cross-linked resins with almost all micro/mesopores possessed an enhanced adsorption to aniline.
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Synthesis of hyper-cross-linked resins with almost all ...micro/mesopores as well as controllable functional groups is still challenging. Herein we developed a kind of phenol-modified hyper-cross-linked resins with almost all micro/mesopores, and controlled the uploading amount of phenol on the surface. The results indicated that, due to producing rigid methylene cross-linking bridges, these resins were typical micro/mesoporous materials, and the micropore surface area and micropore volume were up to 70% of the total Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and pore volume. Moreover, the functionalized polarity of these resins could be accurately controlled by adding different amount of phenol in the reaction. These as-prepared resins were employed as the adsorbents for adsorption using aniline as the adsorbate, and the adsorption experiments showed that these resins were efficient for adsorption of aniline, and the resin adding 5% (w/w) phenol in the reaction possessed the largest equilibrium capacity (qmax=169.2mg/g). The adsorption was very fast, 40min was enough for the equilibrium, and the micropore diffusion model described the kinetic data very well.
