Understanding physiological and pathological processes in the brain requires tracking the reversible changes in chemical signals with long‐term stability. We developed a new anti‐biofouling ...microfiber array to real‐time quantify extracellular Ca2+ concentrations together with neuron activity across many regions in the mammalian brain for 60 days, in which the signal degradation was < ca. 8 %. The microarray with high tempo‐spatial resolution (ca. 10 μm, ca. 1.3 s) was implanted into 7 brain regions of free‐moving mice to monitor reversible changes of extracellular Ca2+ upon ischemia‐reperfusion processes. The changing sequence and rate of Ca2+ in 7 brain regions were different during the stroke. ROS scavenger could protect Ca2+ influx and neuronal activity after stroke, suggesting the significant influence of ROS on Ca2+ overload and neuron death. We demonstrated this microarray is a versatile tool for investigating brain dynamic during pathological processes and drug treatment.
An anti‐biofouling microfiber array was created to real‐time tracking and reversibly quantifying of extracellular concentration of Ca2+ together with neuron activity across many regions in freely moving mammalian brain for 60 days. The changing sequence and rate of Ca2+ in 7 brain regions were different during the stroke, and ROS scavenger could protect Ca2+ influx and neuronal activity after stroke.
The clinical efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) after Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still controversial, and the purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of CBT on ...pain, knee function, and psychological status of patients after TKA.
We systematically searched electronic databases such as CNKI, CBM, VIP, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for randomized controlled studies up to February 30, 2023. Screening against inclusion criteria to select valid studies and extract data. The quality of included studies was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration risk-of-bias 2 (RoB 2) tool for randomized trials. Statistical analysis of the data from this study was carried out using Stata 15.1 software.
Finally, our meta-analysis incorporated seven randomized controlled studies of high quality, including 608 patients. The findings of the meta-analysis demonstrated a noteworthy decrease in kinesiophobia levels during the early postoperative phase in the CBT group as compared to the usual care group (WMD = -6.35, 95% CI: -7.98 to -4.72, Z = 7.64, P < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference between the CBT and usual care groups in terms of postoperative pain as well as knee function.
CBT may effectively reduce the level of kinesiophobia in the short term after TKA, but did not significantly relieve knee pain or improve knee function.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Poor rotation of the femoral component in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can result in various postoperative complications, underscoring the critical importance of preoperative planning.
To improve ...the accuracy of femoral component positioning during TKA, this study compared the accuracy and repeatability of different two-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) measurement methods for measuring the posterior condylar angle (PCA) in preoperative TKA planning.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 75 patients (150 knees) who underwent bilateral lower extremity computed tomography angiography (CTA) at Fuyang People's Hospital from January 2021 to July 2021. Three different methods were used to measure the PCA based on 2D CT images (axial CT slices) and three-dimensional(3D) models (femoral models reconstructed from CT data) in this study. Method 1: Single-plane 2D CT measurement, measuring PCA in the most obvious single-plane CT slice of the surgical transepicondylar axis (sTEA); Method 2: multi-plane 2D CT measurement, identifying and locating anatomical landmarks in multiple 2D CT slices and measuring PCA; Method 3: 3D model measurement, measuring PCA in the reconstructed femur 3D model. Compare the differences in PCA measurements between the three measurement methods. A positive PCA measurement was recorded when the sTEA was externally rotated relative to the posterior condylar line (PCL). Any difference exceeding 3° between the PCA measurement in the 2D CT and the PCA reference value in the 3D model was classified as an outlier. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman method were utilized to assess the intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of the three measurement methods.
The PCA measurement in the single-plane 2D CT was 1.91 ± 1.94°, with a measurement error of - 1.22 ± 1.32° and 12.7% of outlier values. In the multi-plane 2D CT, the PCA measurement was 2.96 ± 1.68°, with a measurement error of -0.15 ± 0.91° and 6.0% of outlier values. The PCA measurement in the 3D model was 3.12 ± 1.69°. The PCA measurement in single-plane 2D CT was notably smaller than that in multi-plane 2D CT and 3D models, with no significant difference between the latter two. The multi-plane 2D CT showed significantly lower measurement error and outlier values than the single-plane 2D CT. All three PCA measurement methods exhibited high reproducibility (ICC: 0.93 ~ 0.97).
Using of multi-plane 2D CT for measuring PCA in preoperative planning of TKA has high reproducibility and accuracy, with fewer outlier values. We recommend preoperative measurement of PCA using muti-plane 2D CT to improve the accuracy of positioning the femoral component rotational alignment during surgery.
In polluted groundwater, surface water, and industrial sites, chromium is found as one of the most common heavy metals, and one of the 20 main pollutants in China, which poses a great threat to the ...ecological environment and human health. Combining biological and chemical materials to treat groundwater contaminated by heavy metals is a promising restoration technology. In this research, Klebsiella variicola H12 (abbreviated as K. variicola) was found to have Cr(VI) reduction ability. A high-efficiency Klebsiella variicola H12-carboxymethyl cellulose (abbreviated as CMC)-FeS@biochar system was established for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results indicated that CMC-FeS was successfully loaded onto the surface of biochar, and K. variicola H12 grew well in the presence of CMC-FeS@biochar with microbial biomass up to 4.8 × 10
cells mL
. Cr(VI) removal rate of CMC-FeS@biochar system, K. variicola H12 system and K. variicola H12 + CMC-FeS@biochar system were 61.8%, 82.2% and 96.6% respectively. This study demonstrated K. variicola H12-CMC-FeS@biochar system have potential value for efficient removal of Cr(VI) from Cr(VI)-polluted groundwater.
•Two spatio-temporal cokriging methods for traffic speed imputation are proposed.•Use of a secondary data, missing patterns, and missing rates are considered.•Classic kriging with a primary data is ...more effective for the random patterns.•Simple cokriging with multiple data improves the accuracy for the non-random case.
Modern transportation systems rely increasingly on the availability and accuracy of traffic detector data to monitor traffic operational conditions and assess system performance. Missing data, which occurs almost inevitably for a number of reasons, can lead to suboptimal operations and ineffective decisions if not remedied in a timely and systematic fashion through data imputation. A review of literature suggests that most traffic data imputation studies considered the temporal continuity of the data but often overlooked the spatial correlations that exist. Few of the studies explored the randomness of the patterns of the missing data. Therefore, this paper proposes two cokriging methods that exploit the existence of spatio-temporal dependency in traffic data and employ multiple data sources, each with independently missing data, to impute high-resolution traffic speed data under different data missing pattern scenarios. The two proposed cokriging methods, both using multiple independent data sources, were benchmarked against classic simple and ordinary kriging methods, which use only the primary data source. An array of testing scenarios were designed to test these methods under different missing rates (10–40% data loss) and different missing patterns (random in time and location, random only in location, and non-random blocks of missing data). The results suggest that using multiple data sources with the spatio-temporal simple cokriging method effectively improves the imputation accuracy if the missing data were clustered, or in blocks. On the other hand, if the missing data were randomly scattered in time and location, the classic ordinary or simple kriging method using only the primary data source can be more effective. Our study, which employs empirical traffic speed data from radar detectors and vehicle probes, demonstrates that the overall predictions of the kriging-based imputation approach are accurate and reliable for all combinations of missing patterns and missing rates investigated.
Abstract Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) is a bioceramic material with potential applications. Customization and high reliability are the foundation for the widespread application of Si 3 N 4 ...bioceramics. This study constructed a new microwave heating structure and successfully prepared 3D printed dense Si 3 N 4 materials, overcoming the adverse effects of a large amount of 3D printed organic forming agents on degreasing and sintering processes, further improving the comprehensive performance of Si 3 N 4 materials. Compared with control materials, the 3D printed Si 3 N 4 materials by microwave sintering have the best mechanical performance: bending strength is 928 MPa, fracture toughness is 9.61 MPa·m 1/2 . Meanwhile, it has the best biocompatibility and antibacterial properties, and cells exhibit the best activity on the material surface. Research has shown that the excellent mechanical performance and biological activity of materials are mainly related to the high-quality degreasing, high cleanliness sintering environment, and high-quality liquid-phase sintering of materials in microwave environments.
Background An outbreak of respiratory disease associated with adenovirus type 7 occurred in a boot camp in China and was characterized by many cases, severe symptoms, and intrapulmonary infection in ...many patients. Methods We implemented a series of comprehensive preventive and control measures. We analyzed the incubation period and generation time by using the maximum likelihood method, assessed the symptom period and hospitalization duration using the Kaplan-Meier method, and estimated the basic reproductive number and dormitory transmission rate by using established methods. Results The epidemic lasted for 30 days, and 375 individuals were affected. Overall, 109 patients were hospitalized, and 266 individuals were isolated and treated. The median incubation period was 5.2 days (95% confidence interval CI: 5.0 to 5.4 days). The median generation time was 7.3 days (95% CI: 7.1 to 7.6 days). The median symptom period was 6 days (95% CI: 6 to 7 days). The median hospitalization duration was 9 days (95% CI: 9 to 11 days). The basic reproductive number was 5.1 (95% CI: 4.6 to 5.6), and the dormitory transmission rate was 0.15 (95% CI: 0.12 to 0.18). Conclusion Patients in the early stage of the epidemic were treated as having a regular cold and were not isolated; therefore, the virus continued to be transmitted to other susceptible individuals.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Aims
Antimony (Sb)-oxidizing bacteria play an important role in Sb biogeochemical cycle in soil, but the benefits of microbial oxidation for plants have not been well documented. The aim of this ...study was to explore the contribution of Sb(III)-oxidizing bacteria to alleviate the Sb toxicity in plants.
Methods
The plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics of Sb(III)-oxidizing bacterium
Bacillus
sp. S3 and the effects of bacterial inoculation on Arabidopsis plants were evaluated under controlled and Sb stressed conditions.
Results
Indole acetic acid (IAA) production and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-deaminase (ACC-deaminase) activity were the only two PGP strategies that
Bacillus
sp. S3 possessed, despite the production level of IAA and the activity of ACC deaminase sharply decreased under Sb stress.
Bacillus
sp. S3 inoculation significantly increased the plant biomass and chlorophyll content, alleviated the peroxidation of membrane lipids, decreased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, and reduced the transcription of Sb transporters and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related enzymes in Arabidopsis. Noteworthily, inoculation of
Bacillus
sp. S3 not only significantly decreased the Sb accumulation but also reduced the percentage of Sb(III) of total Sb in Arabidopsis.
Conclusions
This study indicates that the Sb(III)-oxidizing strain of
Bacillus
sp. S3 is a promising inoculant used for bacteria-assisted phytoremediation on Sb-contaminated sites.
Few bacteria are resistant to tetracycline and can even biodegrade tetracycline in the environment. In this study, we isolated a bacterium
sp. XY-2, which could biodegrade 74% tetracycline at pH 7.0 ...and 30°C within 6 days. Thereafter, we determined the whole genome sequence of
sp. XY-2 genome is a single circular chromosome of 5.06 Mb in size. Genomic annotation showed that two AA6 family members-encoding genes and nine glutathione S-transferase (GSTs)-encoding genes could be relevant to tetracycline biodegradation. In addition, the average nucleotide identities (ANI) analysis between the genomes of
sp. XY-2 and other
spp. revealed that
sp. XY-2 belongs to a new species. Moreover, comparative genome analysis of 36
strains identified the pan and specific genes, numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, and deletion variations (InDels) and different syntenial relationships in the genome of
sp. XY-2. Finally, the evolution and the origin analysis of genes related to tetracycline resistance revealed that the six
(48) genes and two specificgenes
and
in
sp. XY-2 were acquired by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events from sources related to
, and some unidentified sources. As a new species,
sp. XY-2 will be an excellent resource for the bioremediation of tetracycline-contaminated environment.
Outbreaks of respiratory infectious diseases often occur in crowded places. To understand the pattern of spread of an outbreak of a respiratory infectious disease and provide a theoretical basis for ...targeted implementation of scientific prevention and control, we attempted to establish a stochastic model to simulate an outbreak of a respiratory infectious disease at a military camp. This model fits the general pattern of disease transmission and further enriches theories on the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases.
We established an enclosed system of 500 people exposed to adenovirus type 7 (ADV 7) in a military camp. During the infection period, the patients transmitted the virus randomly to susceptible people. The spread of the epidemic under militarized management mode was simulated using a computer model named "the random collision model", and the effects of factors such as the basic reproductive number (R
), time of isolation of the patients (TOI), interval between onset and isolation (IOI), and immunization rates (IR) on the developmental trend of the epidemic were quantitatively analysed.
Once the R
exceeded 1.5, the median attack rate increased sharply; when R
= 3, with a delay in the TOI, the attack rate increased gradually and eventually remained stable. When the IOI exceeded 2.3 days, the median attack rate also increased dramatically. When the IR exceeded 0.5, the median attack rate approached zero. The median generation time was 8.26 days, (95% confidence interval CI: 7.84-8.69 days). The partial rank correlation coefficients between the attack rate of the epidemic and R
, TOI, IOI, and IR were 0.61, 0.17, 0.45, and - 0.27, respectively.
The random collision model not only simulates how an epidemic spreads with superior precision but also allows greater flexibility in setting the activities of the exposure population and different types of infectious diseases, which is conducive to furthering exploration of the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic outbreaks.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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