Nitromethane reacted with phenylacetylene in superbasic media KOH (
t
-BuOK)/DMSO to give
E
and
Z
isomers of 4-benzyl-3-styryl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole 2-oxide, 2-benzyl-3-hydroxypropanenitrile, and ...1-benzyl-2-nitrocyclopropane.
BACKGROUND:
The widespread use in clinical practice of drugs with cardio- and nephroprotective properties, in particular, sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), is based on the ...results of large-scale international randomized trials. Meanwhile, there are no data demonstrating the possibility of the influence of these drugs on mortality rates in real clinical practice in Russian patients. To study this issue, a CARDIA-MOS study was conducted on a population of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Moscow.
AIM:
To study the effect of SGLT2i on the total mortality of patients with T2DM in Moscow.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
: To assess the frequency of different outcomes, two samples of patients were formed according to predetermined criteria: 1) patients who started therapy with SGLT2i (dapagliflozin) in 2017; 2) a control group of patients corresponding to the main group in terms of key indicators: age, duration of T2DM, presence of cardiovascular diseases, use of insulin therapy, HbA
1c
level.
RESULTS:
Firstly, an analysis of the data of 499 patients who started treatment with dapagliflozin in 2017, as well as 499 patients in the control group (n = 998) was made. The baseline characteristics of the patients were generally comparable. Pre-study SBP and HbA
1c
were worse in the dapagliflozin group. The use of dapagliflozin was associated with a 39% reduction in the relative risk of death from all causes (RR 0.614, 95% CI 0.417–0.903, p = 0.013), led to a decrease in HbA
1c
levels by 0.8% (from 8.5 to 7.7%, p<0.001) for 48 months. observations. The safety profile of dapagliflozin was comparable to that of the control group
CONCLUSION:
The use of dapagliflozin in the treatment of patients with T2DM can reduce overall mortality and improve glycemic control.
2-Acetyl-3,4-dihydropyrans were synthesized in one step by diastereoselective reaction of acetylene with aromatic ketones, and their condensation with semicarbazide hydrochloride afforded the ...corresponding (
E
)-semicarbazones with high stereoselectivity in up to 86% yield.
A method for the synthesis of Aquivion composite membranes containing oxidized carbon nanotubes was developed, and the effect of these dopants on proton conductivity was investigated. A significant ...increase in the proton conductivity of doped membranes with reducing the relative air humidity was found.
The colloidal chemical properties of triple block copolymers of polypropylene oxide and polyethylene oxide (pluronics of various structures) were studied in comparison. All of them are shown to be ...surfactants but differ in interfacial tension, surface activity, surface area occupied in the adsorption layer, and adsorption layer thickness. The kinetic regularities of polymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate were studied. The particle diameters and their size distribution were determined. Distinctions in the kinetic regularities of polymerization are shown: the shape of the conversion—time curves (for the duration of the initial and stationary stages of polymerization) and the dependences of the diameter on the surfactant concentration and monomer to water volume ratio. In the presence of the water-insoluble pluronics, the mechanism of formation of polymer—monomer particles and interfacial layer on the surface differs from that when using water-soluble surfactants, which makes it possible to distinguish these processes into an independent type of heterophase polymerization.
The possibility of measuring hydrogen depth profiles by means of electron spectroscopy is demonstrated. In the near-surface layer with a thickness corresponding to the inelastic mean free path (IMFP) ...the elastic peak electron spectroscopy (EPES) is employed for this purpose. For measuring hydrogen isotope depth profiles deeper in the solid at depths corresponding to the transport mean free path (which is by several orders of magnitude larger than the IMFP) the so-called spectroscopy of reflected electrons (SRE) is used. In this work, the SRE technique is employed for the investigation of a pure beryllium sample and a beryllium sample implanted with deuterium atoms.
We have demonstrated that the water and ethanol extracts of the
Nepeta cataria
,
Nepeta sibirica
,
Scutellaria
baicalensis
,
Hyssopus officinalis
, and
Betonica officinalis
plants, water extracts of
...Dracocephalum moldavica
,
Glech
o
ma
hederacea
,
M
e
ntha arv
e
nsis
,
Prunella vulgaris
, and
Melissa officinalis
, and ethanol extracts of
Mentha piperita
,
Mentha crispa
,
Origanum vulgare
,
Hyssopus officinalis
, and
Salvia verticillata
showed antiviral activity against the influenza virus subtype H5N1. The water extracts of
Nepeta cataria
and
Glech
o
ma
hederacea
showed the highest antiviral effect against the H5N1 subtype (NI 3.75). The water and ethanol extracts of
Scutellaria
baicalensis
,
Mentha piperita
,
M
e
ntha arv
e
nsis, and Mentha crispa
, water extract of
Dracocephalum moldavica
, and ethanol extracts of
Glech
o
ma
hederacea
,
Origanum vulgare
,
Prunella vulgaris
,
Hyssopus officinalis
,
Betonica officinalis
, and
Salvia verticillata
have shown to exhibit the antiviral activity against influenza virus subtype H3N2. The ethanol extract of
Betonica officinalis
showed the highest virus neutralizing activity against the H3N2 subtype (NI 4.25). The chemical analysis of the aerial parts of plants of the Lamiaceae family has shown that
Dracocephalum nutans
contains the highest amount of flavonols (4.47 ± 0.04%); the highest content of tannins has been found in
Mentha arvensis
(17.62 ± 0.78%), and the highest content of catechins has been found in
Nepeta cataria
(0.43 ± 0.007%). Thus, the plant extracts of the Lamiaceae family are promising sources for further studies to develop new antiviral drugs.
—
The influence of nanostructure carbon additives (functionalized nanotubes, deaglomerated detonation nanodiamonds, nanocarbon) on the conductivity of the Aquivion perfluoropolymer membrane is ...studied. In the work the data are presented on the manufacturing of the composite materials and the investigation of their proton conductivity via the impedance spectroscopy method. It is found that the introduction of nanocarbon dopants in a certain concentrations increases the conductivity of the Aquivion membrane.
PRIZMA status Kandiev, Y.Z.; Kashaeva, E.A.; Khatuntsev, K.E. ...
Annals of nuclear energy,
08/2015, Letnik:
82
Journal Article
Recenzirano
•PRIZMA is a Monte Carlo code for solving fixed source and criticality problems.•Particles: neutrons, gammas, electrons, positrons, ions.•Application fields: nuclear and radiation safety; pulsed, ...thermal and fast reactors.•PRIZMA is a part of package for precision core simulation through reactor campaign.•Special techniques for perturbation analysis.
For more than thirty years the code PRIZMA has been used at RFNC-VNIITF for solving radiation transport problems with the Monte Carlo method. The code models the separate and coupled transport of neutrons, photons, electrons, positrons and ions in one-, two-, and three-dimensional geometry. For criticality calculations the code implements the method of generations with a constant number of fission sites in one generation. Now the code is extending its capabilities for nuclear reactor calculations. The paper describes the current status of the code and gives examples of its application to particle transport in nuclear reactors and other physical facilities.
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