A heterozygous Ile4898 to Thr (I4898T) mutation in the human type 1 ryanodine receptor/Ca super(2+) release channel (RyR1) leads to a severe form of central core disease. We created a mouse line in ...which the corresponding Ryr1 super(I4895T) mutation was introduced by using a "knockin" protocol. The heterozygote does not exhibit an overt disease phenotype, but homozygous (IT/IT) mice are paralyzed and die perinatally, apparently because of asphyxia. Histological analysis shows that IT/IT mice have greatly reduced and amorphous skeletal muscle. Myotubes are small, nuclei remain central, myofibrils are disarranged, and no cross striation is obvious. Many areas indicate probable degeneration, with shortened myotubes containing central stacks of pyknotic nuclei. Other manifestations of a delay in completion of late stages of embryogenesis include growth retardation and marked delay in ossification, dermatogenesis, and cardiovascular development. Electron microscopy of IT/IT muscle demonstrates appropriate targeting and positioning of RyR1 at triad junctions and a normal organization of dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) complexes into RyR1-associated tetrads. Functional studies carried out in cultured IT/IT myotubes show that ligand-induced and DHPR-activated RyR1 Ca super(2+) release is absent, although retrograde enhancement of DHPR Ca super(2+) conductance is retained. IT/IT mice, in which RyR1-mediated Ca super(2+) release is abolished without altering the formation of the junctional DHPR-RyR1 macromolecular complex, provide a valuable model for elucidation of the role of RyR1-mediated Ca super(2+) signaling in mammalian embryogenesis.
Immunodetection of the Lewis X antigen has been suggested as a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma. To determine the specificity of Lewis X antigen immunostaining in this ...setting, we studied routinely processed, formalin-fixed tissue from 38 transitional cell carcinomas and 42 nonneoplastic urothelial lesions using the P12 monoclonal antibody to Lewis X antigen and an avidin-biotin immunohistochemical technique. Because Lewis X immunostaining of occasional umbrella cells has previously been noted in normal urothelium, staining of umbrella cells was not considered sufficient for a positive reaction in our study. Immunoreactivity for Lewis X antigen was seen in 34 of 38 (89%) cases of transitional cell carcinoma, in three of three cases of urothelial dysplasia, and in 20 of 39 (51%) of the reactive urothelial lesions. We conclude that immunostaining for the Lewis X antigen is not specific in the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma.
An adaptive fusion architecture for target tracking Loy, G.; Fletcher, L.; Apostoloff, N. ...
Proceedings of Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face Gesture Recognition,
2002
Conference Proceeding
A vision system is demonstrated that adaptively allocates computational resources over multiple cues to robustly track a target in 3D. The system uses a particle filter to maintain multiple ...hypotheses of the target location. Bayesian probability theory provides the framework for sensor fusion, and resource scheduling is used to intelligently allocate the limited computational resources available across the suite of cues. The system is shown to track a person in 3D space moving in a cluttered environment.
To determine the effect of ovarian endometriomas on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome, two groups of patients were studied. Group I consisted of seven patients with ovarian endometriomas and ...severe pelvic adhesions treated for a total of 12 cycles. Group II patients consisted of eight patients with hydrosalpinges and comparable pelvic adhesions treated for a total of 27 cycles. There were no differences in the number of days required for stimulation or in the serum estradiol levels attained between the two groups. Group I patients were noted to have significantly fewer preovulatory follicles (1.42 vs 3.33, P less than 0.005), cycles with fertilization (28 vs 84%, P less than 0.005), and embryos transferred (0.78 vs 2.56, P = 0.01) than Group II patients. Three pregnancies occurred in Group II, while there were no conceptions among Group I patients. This study suggests that the presence of an ovarian endometrioma(s) has an adverse effect on IVF outcome and suggests that patients with ovarian endometriomas should have them removed prior to undergoing IVF.
