The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of soybean milk addition on the quality of frozen-cooked noodles. Results revealed that sensory and texture properties of frozen-cooked noodles ...were significantly (P < 0.05) improved after adding soybean milk. Compared with control ones, frozen-cooked noodles with soybean milk addition exhibited a more compact and smooth surfaces. Meanwhile, micro-structure observation revealed that frozen-cooked noodles showed more continuous protein network, accompanied with smaller ice crystal by soybean milk addition. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results indicated that soybean milk addition decreased the transverse relaxation time (T2) and restrained the ascent of free-water of frozen-cooked noodles. Besides, MRI images showed that soybean milk enhanced the water-holding capacity of frozen-cooked noodles and made water maintain a good crosswise gradient, resulting in better mouthfeel. Thus, soybean milk, as a natural and safe additive, could be used to improve the quality of frozen-cooked noodle.
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•Effect of soybean milk addition on quality of frozen-cooked noodles was examined.•Sensory and texture properties of frozen-cooked noodles were improved by adding soybean milk.•We revealed the changes in micro-structure, ice crystal formation and water status of noodles due to soybean milk addition.•Our results provide an insight into natural and safe additive to improve the quality of frozen-cooked noodles.
A capillary covered silica hollow core fiber (HCF) has been designed and tested for the measurement of displacement based on antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide. A section of the silica HCF was ...inserted into a silver coated capillary. A Fabry-Perot resonator can be formed in the silica cladding. The leaky mode of the guided light can be achieved at resonant wavelengths of the Fabry-Perot resonator, which results in lossy dips in the transmission spectrum. The transmission power of the dip is sensitive with the displacement of the capillary since the effective reflectivity of the Fabry-Perot resonator is affected by the location between the capillary and the silica HCF. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of up to 0.578 dB/μm is achieved, and the proposed sensor is insensitive with the temperature.
Immunohistochemical staining for p53 is used as a surrogate for mutational analysis in the diagnostic workup of carcinomas of multiple sites including ovarian cancers. Strong and diffuse ...immunoexpression of p53 is generally interpreted as likely indicating a TP53 gene mutation. The immunoprofile that correlates with wild-type TP53, however, is not as clear. In particular, the significance of completely negative immunostaining is controversial. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship of the immunohistochemical expression of p53 with the mutational status of the TP53 gene in ovarian cancer. A total of 57 ovarian carcinomas (43 high-grade serous ovarian/peritoneal carcinomas, 2 malignant mesodermal mixed tumors (carcinosarcomas), 2 low-grade serous carcinomas, 4 clear cell carcinomas, 1 well-differentiated endometrioid carcinoma, and 5 carcinomas with mixed epithelial differentiation) were analyzed for TP53 mutations by nucleotide sequencing (exons 4-9), and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis of p53 expression. Thirty six tumors contained functional mutations and 13 had wild type TP53. Five tumors were found to harbor known TP53 polymorphism and changes in the intron region were detected in three. Tumors with wild-type TP53 displayed a wide range of immunolabeling patterns, with the most common pattern showing ≤10% of positive cells in 6 cases (46%). Mutant TP53 was associated with 60-100% positive cells in 23 cases (64% of cases). This pattern of staining was also seen in three cases with wild-type TP53. Tumors that were completely negative (0% cells staining) had a mutation of TP53 in 65% of cases and wild-type TP53 in 11%. Combining two immunohistochemical labeling patterns associated with TP53 mutations (0% and 60-100% positive cells), correctly identified a mutation in 94% of cases (P<0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis can be used as a robust method for inferring the presence of a TP53 mutation in ovarian carcinomas. In addition to a strong and diffuse pattern of p53 expression (in greater than 60% of cells), complete absence of p53 immunoexpression is commonly associated with a TP53 mutation. Accordingly, this latter pattern, unlike low-level expression (10-50% cells), should not be construed as indicative of wild-type TP53.
The complex sample matrix and low environmental concentration make it challenging to effectively determine the polar glucocorticoids. In particular, a green, economical, and environmentally friendly ...method is urgently needed, since a large amount of extraction solvents, samples, and extraction materials have been commonly used to improve the sensitivity of the reported methods. In this study, a green and robust phenol and bismuth-based MOF of SU101 was mildly synthesized and fabricated as a brand new solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber. Only tiny amounts of SU101 and desorption solvents were employed to realize the high-efficiency enrichments of glucocorticoids from water samples. The detection performance of proposed SU101 fiber towards glucocorticoids was much superior to the single-component and multi-component commercial fibers. It indicated that SU101 fiber could be an excellent candidate for the enrichments of polar pharmaceuticals. After it was coupled with the instrument of high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), the linear range of 5–10000 ng L−1 with detection limits low to 0.070–1.5 ng L−1 and satisfactory recoveries were achieved by the developed method. Benefiting from the environmental friendliness of SU101 and the less-solvent consumption of SPME technique, this work presented a green and economical strategy for determinations of trace glucocorticoids.
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•The biological metal-organic framework of SU101 was mildly synthesized.•The SU101 fiber realized the challenging enrichments of polar glucocorticoids.•A green, economical, and environmentally friendly method was established.•The established method was successfully applied to detect GCs in real water samples.
•Low internal gas pressure is adverse to small-spacing two-well caverns.•The mean internal gas pressure should be higher than 12 MPa.•Pillar width in the short axis should be appropriately ...increased.•Caverns with greater ratio of long axis to short axis should use thicker salt roof.
A small-spacing two-well salt (SSTW) cavern is a relatively new type of cavern. As this type of cavern is less frequently used in underground natural gas storages, study on its stability is quite limited. To promote the application of this type of cavern and accelerate the construction of underground salt cavern gas storages, stability analysis and optimization design of this type of cavern are indispensable to the security of underground natural gas storages. In this paper, numerical calculation and parameters analysis were performed to analyze the effects of internal gas pressure and ratio of long axis to short axis (RLS) on the stability of SSTW caverns. The results show that internal gas pressure has an influence on the stability of SSTW caverns and low pressure should be limited in terms of duration and magnitude. And the ratio of long axis to short axis (RLS) has limited influence on the stability of a SSTW cavern by ways of volume loss rate and roof settlement. Overall, the SSTW cavern behaves similar stability state with that of a SW cavern. In addition, a flatter roof shape appears under greater Ratio value (RLS) and thus a thicker roof salt rock thickness is suggested for engineering design. The most different between them are the waist displacement along short axis, therefore the pillar width close to the adjacent cavern should be a certain lengthened at this direction.
•Developmental validation following SWGDAM guidelines of the STRtyper-32G kit.•6-dye, 30-plex STR kit that compatible with many commercial STR kits.•The kit was designed to amplify DNA directly from ...buccal and blood samples on many kinds of paper card.•Fast time to results with thermal cycling time under 100 min.•Both the paternity labs and forensic databasing labs will benefit from this new kit.
The STRtyper-32G PCR Amplification Kit is a 6-dye multiplex system that combines the 30 autosomal STR loci with an Indel site (YIndel) and the sex-determinant locus Amelogenin. In addition to more loci, Master Mix has been optimized to amplify DNA on different substrates. The autosomal STR loci contained in this novel system meet the compatibility of requirements for databasing. In this study, the developmental validation study of the STRtyper-32G Kit followed the guidelines of SWGDAM (Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods), including PCR-based studies, species specificity, inhibitors, sensitivity, precision, repeatability, stutter, DNA mixtures, concordance studies, and population genetics studies. The validation results indicate that the new multiplex system is a robust tool for forensic database applications.
Despite the excellent luminescent properties of lanthanide clusters (LnCs), their suprastructures that inherit their characteristic luminescent properties are scarcely reported. Herein, novel and ...highly luminescent suprastructures are synthesized
via
a two-step assembly method to incorporate LnCs in covalent organic frameworks (COFs). COFs are pre-synthesized and decorated with rigid anchoring groups on their nanochannel walls, which provide one-dimensional confined spaces for the subsequent
in situ
assembly of luminescent LnCs. The confined LnCs are termed nanoparticles (NPs) to distinguish them from the pure LnCs. Secondary micropores with predictable sizes are successfully formed between the walls of the nanochannels and the orderly aligned NPs therein. By using a small organic ligand that can efficiently sensitize Ln(
iii
) cations in the assembly processes, the obtained composites show high quantum yields above 20%. The fluorescence can even be effectively maintained across nine pH units. The secondary micropores further enable the unambiguous discrimination of six methinehalides and ultrasensitive detection of uranyl ions. This study provides a new type of luminescent material that has potential for sensing and light emitting.
Robust lanthanide cluster frameworks are fabricated by
in situ
assembly of lanthanide clusters into the confined spaces of covalent organic frameworks, which enables the discrimination of methinehalides and detection of uranyl ions.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading worldwide, causing a global pandemic. Bat-origin RaTG13 is currently the most phylogenetically related virus. Here we ...obtained the complex structure of the RaTG13 receptor binding domain (RBD) with human ACE2 (hACE2) and evaluated binding of RaTG13 RBD to 24 additional ACE2 orthologs. By substituting residues in the RaTG13 RBD with their counterparts in the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, we found that residue 501, the major position found in variants of concern (VOCs) 501Y.V1/V2/V3, plays a key role in determining the potential host range of RaTG13. We also found that SARS-CoV-2 could induce strong cross-reactive antibodies to RaTG13 and identified a SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), CB6, that could cross-neutralize RaTG13 pseudovirus. These results elucidate the receptor binding and host adaption mechanisms of RaTG13 and emphasize the importance of continuous surveillance of coronaviruses (CoVs) carried by animal reservoirs to prevent another spillover of CoVs.
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•The complex structure of RaTG13 RBD with hACE2 was determined•Binding of RaTG13 RBD to 24 additional ACE2 orthologs was evaluated•Residue 501 plays a key role in determining the potential host range of RaTG13•SARS-CoV-2 induces strong cross-protective antibodies to RaTG13 RBD
Structural and molecular analysis of the receptor binding domain of RaTG13, a coronavirus phylogenetically closely related to SARS-CoV-2, bound to the human receptor ACE2 as well as ACE2 orthologs in 24 other species provides a framework to understand its host range as well as the basis of antibody cross-reactivity between the two viruses.
A Cox proportional hazard (CoxPH) model is conventionally used to assess exposure–response (E–R), but its performance to uncover the ground truth when only one dose level of data is available has not ...been systematically evaluated. We established a simulation workflow to generate realistic E–R datasets to assess the performance of the CoxPH model in recovering the E–R ground truth in various scenarios, considering two potential reasons for the confounded E–R relationship. We found that at high doses, when the pharmacological effects are largely saturated, missing important confounders is the major reason for inferring false‐positive E–R relationships. At low doses, when a positive E–R slope is the ground truth, either missing important confounders or mis‐specifying the interactions can lead to inaccurate estimates of the E–R slope. This work constructed a simulation workflow generally applicable to clinical datasets to generate clinically relevant simulations and provide an in‐depth interpretation on the E–R relationships with confounders inferred by the conventional CoxPH model.
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