Salmonelozu konja prouzroče različiti serovari Gram-negativne bakterije Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica. Klinička slika salmoneloze ponajprije ovisi o tome radi li se o infekciji serovarom ...prilagođenim konjima (Salmonella Abortusequi) ili drugim serovarima salmonela. Vrsno specifični serovar S. Abortusequi prouzroči pobačaje u kasnijem stadiju graviditeta ili, nešto rjeđe, orhitis te septikemiju, osteomijelitis i artritis u ždrjebadi. Drugi, vrsno nespecifični serovari, prouzroče crijevne ili sustavne infekcije. Salmonelama se mogu inficirati različite vrste životinja i ljudi, a mnoge vrste životinja, ponajprije ptice i glodavci, česti su rezervoari salmonela koji bakterije izmetom izlučuju u okoliš. Konji se inficiraju ingestijom salmonela iz mnogobrojnih izvora u okolišu, ponajprije vode i hrane kontaminirane izmetom ili lešinama bolesnih životinja i životinja kliconoša. Infekcija salmonelama u konja
može biti subklinička ili se očitovati kao blaga febrilna bolest, enterokolitis ili septikemija. Najčešći simptomi bolesti su: proljev, vrućica, količni bolovi i leukopenija. Bolest se dokazuje izdvajanjem salmonela iz izmeta konja, a liječenje i prognoza ovise o kliničkom obliku bolesti. Prevencija salmoneloze otežana je zbog velike proširenosti salmonela u okolišu, no u slučajevima pojave bolesti, širenje na druge konje može se spriječiti izolacijom bolesne životinje i dezinfekcijom kontaminiranog okoliša. Čimbenici koji doprinose izlučivanju salmonela i/ili razvoju kliničkog oblika bolesti u subklinički inficiranih konja (stres, promjena hrane, antimikrobna terapija, kirurški zahvati) često su prisutni u hospitaliziranih životinja te ih zbog toga treba smatrati potencijalnim izvorima infekcije za druge životinje i ljude.
Posttranslational modifications of immunoglobulins have been a topic of great interest and have been repeatedly reported as a major factor in disease pathology. Cost‐effective, reproducible, and ...high‐throughput (HTP) isolation of immunoglobulins from human serum is vital for studying the changes in protein structure and the following understanding of disease development. Although there are many methods for the isolation of specific immunoglobulin classes, only a few of them are applicable for isolation of all subtypes and variants. Here, we present the development of a scheme for fast and simultaneous affinity purification of α (A), γ (G), and μ (M) immunoglobulins from human serum through affinity monolith chromatography. Affinity‐based monolithic columns with immobilized protein A, G, or L were used for antibody isolation. Monolithic stationary phases have a high surface accessibility of binding sites, large flow‐through channels, and can be operated at high flow rates, making them the ideal supports for HTP isolation of biopolymers. The presented method can be used for HTP screening of human serum in order to simultaneously isolate all three above‐mentioned immunoglobulins and determine their concentration and changes in their glycosylation pattern as potential prognostic and diagnostic disease biomarkers.
In the present paper, we have described the synthesis and biological activity of the novel derivatives of imidazo4,5-
bpyridines and triaza-benzo
cfluorenes (
7–
21,
24–
26,
28–
29). A preponderance ...of these compounds exerted strong cytostatic effects on the panel of seven human tumour cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, imidazo4,5-
bpyridines and triaza-benzo
cfluorenes including 2-imidazolinyl derivatives showed the most potent antitumour activity. Similarly, triaza-benzo
cfluorenes
18 and
20 induced strong growth inhibition of tested tumour cell lines, and showed low cytotoxicity in normal human fibroblasts. DNA interaction studies of these compounds demonstrated that
N-methylated
16 and 2-imidazolinyl
28 triaza-benzo
cfluorenes bind to DNA in an intercalative mode.
A preponderance of imidazo4,5-
bpyridines exerted strong cytostatic effects in a dose-dependent manner. Derivatives bearing 2-imidazolinyl substituent showed the most potent antitumour activity. DNA interaction studies demonstrated that compounds
16 and
28 bind to DNA in an intercalative mode.
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► Novel imidazo4,5-
bpyridine and triaza-benzo
cfluorene derivatives. ► Strong cytostatic effects on the panel of seven human tumour cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. ► Intercalation into ds DNA in direct relation with concentration depended induction of apoptosis observed in SW620 and MiaPaCa-2 cells. ► High potential of some derivatives as novel leads with anticancer potentials for further
in vivo evaluation.
Analysis of Croatian freshwater crayfish populations, aiming to gather new distributional data and complement previous surveys (2005–2011), was performed during 2014–2016, within the frame of Natura ...2000 Integration Project. The research included different waterbodies across the whole of Croatia, harbouring both indigenous and non-indigenous crayfish species (ICS and NICS, respectively). Field work was conducted in 117 grid squares with dimensions 10 × 10 km, and up to four waterbodies were surveyed per grid square, making a total of 450 studied sites. Out of those, crayfish were not recorded in 368 sites. In the sites with crayfish presence (
i.e.
, 82), the most frequently observed ICS was
Astacus astacus
(registered in 33 sites) followed by
Austropotamobius pallipes
(16 sites),
Austropotamobius torrentium
(12 sites), and
Astacus leptodactylu
s (5 sites). Concerning NICS, the majority of records were for
Orconectes limosus
(13 sites), followed by
Pacifastacus leniusculus
(2 sites), whereas
Procambarus fallax
f.
virginalis
was registered in only one locality. Comparisons of obtained data with those from previous surveys showed that NICS are progressively spreading and displacing ICS, as recorded for
A. leptodactylus
that was almost completely displaced by
O. limosus
in waterbodies of the east Croatia. Existing ICS populations are under growing anthropogenic preassure, frequently fragmented and isolated. Moreover, this survey showed that in the last decade 55% of
A. astacus
and 67% of
A. pallipes
populations disappeared mainly as a consequence of anthropogenic influence onto their habitats. Further monitoring and conservation actions for ICS should be urgently applied to mitigate negative impacts of both NICS and anthropogenic influence.
L'analyse des populations croates d'écrevisses d'eau douce, visant à recueillir de nouvelles données de répartition et à compléter les relevés précédents (2005–2011), a été réalisée au cours de la période 2014–2016, dans le cadre du projet d'intégration Natura 2000. La recherche a porté sur différents cours d'eau dans toute la Croatie, abritant des écrevisses indigènes et non indigènes (ICS et NICS, respectivement). Le travail sur le terrain a été effectué dans un quadrillage de 117 quadrats de dimensions 10 × 10 km, et jusqu' à quatre plans d'eau ont été étudiés par quadrat, ce qui fait un total de 450 sites étudiés. Parmi ceux-ci, les écrevisses n'ont pas été recensées dans 368 sites. Dans les sites où il y avait des écrevisses (c. -à-d. 82), l’ICS le plus fréquemment observé était
Astacus astacus
(enregistré dans 33 sites), suivi de
Austropotamobius pallipes
(16 sites),
Austropotamobius torrentium
(12 sites) et
Astacus leptodactylus
(5 sites). En ce qui concerne le NICS, la majorité des signalements concernaient
Orconectes limosus
(13 sites), suivi de
Pacifastacus leniusculus
(2 sites), tandis que
Procambarus fallax
f.
virginalis
n' a été enregistrée que dans une seule localité.
Les comparaisons des données obtenues avec celles des enquêtes précédentes ont montré que les NICS se répandent et déplacent progressivement les ICS, comme cela a été enregistré pour
A. leptodactylus
qui a été presque complètement déplacé par
O. limosus
dans les masses d'eau de l'est de la Croatie. Les populations actuelles d’ICS sont de plus en plus souvent exposées à une pression anthropique croissante, fragmentées et isolées. En outre, cette enquête a montré qu'au cours de la dernière décennie, 55% des populations d'
A. astacus
et 67% des populations d'
A. pallipes
ont disparu principalement en raison de l'influence anthropique sur leurs habitats. D'autres mesures de surveillance et de conservation des ICS devraient être appliquées d'urgence pour atténuer les impacts négatifs des NICS et de l'influence anthropique.
The ability of rapid range expansion is one of the key determinants of invasive species success. In order to investigate potential drivers behind the rapid spread of invasive species, we explored ...changes in population characteristics and structure along the invasion pathway of a successful invader in European freshwaters, the signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus). Diverse population parameters such as relative population abundance, size and sex structure, differences in morphometry and frequency of injuries were compared between signal crayfish population samples at three uniformly distributed segments (approximately 40 km apart) in the lower section of the Mura River, which differed in time since invasion. Examined signal crayfish populations exhibited notable differences, with more recently established populations toward invasion front characterized by lower abundance and male-biased sex ratios, which highlighted males as initial dispersers. We also recorded significant increase in the relative claw size, a competitively advantageous and allometric trait for males, in more recently established populations away from source population. The recorded differences in population structure and male morphometry along the invasion pathway could lead to important clues about dynamics of range expansion and population establishment, highlighting the traits that promote dispersal and better response to local conditions in new habitats. Established differences can also provide insights into the development of targeted management responses aimed at invasive species control.
The spread of alien crustaceans has significantly contributed to the homogenization of macroinvertebrate fauna of European freshwaters. However, little is known about alien Peracarida crustaceans of ...the Sava River, which represents the most important corridor for the spread of invasive species into Dinaric rivers with highly endemic fauna. In this study, we investigated Peracarida (Amphipoda, Isopoda and Mysida) collected during three years (2011, 2012 and 2015) from a total of 61 sites along the entire course of the Sava River. Besides describing the longitudinal pattern of Peracarida assemblages, we tested the hypothesis that bank reinforcement structures facilitate peracarid invasions by comparing densities and assemblages on natural and artificial substrate at 15 sites. In a total, 14 peracarid crustacean species (5 native and 9 alien) were recorded. The Upper third of Sava was inhabited by native peracarids only, while the Middle and Lower Sava were dominated by alien species. The invasive amphipods Dikerogammarus haemobaphes, Chelicorophium sowinskyi and Chelicorophium curvispinum, and invasive isopod, Jaera istri, were the most abundant species along the middle course. Densities of alien peracarids in the Middle Sava were the highest and their share in macroinvertebrate assemblages was very variable, while the Lower Sava had the highest number of alien species in low densities. The densities of alien amphipods and isopods were in most cases significantly higher on bank reinforcement structures than on natural substrate. Therefore, artificial stony substrates act as stepping stones of invasion for alien peracarids and largely contribute to their success in large lowland rivers.
Distribution of 14 Peracarida species (5 native and 9 alien) along entire course of the Sava River was established: only natives inhabited the upper third of Sava and aliens dominated the rest of the course. Artificial stony substrates act as stepping stones of invasion for alien peracarids and largely contribute to their success in large lowland rivers.
The aim of the study was to determine occupational exposure in Croatian wood processing industry and forest workers to harmful effects of wood dust on the risk of nose, nasal cavity and lung ...carcinoma. Mass concentrations of respirable particles and total wood dust were measured at two wood processing plants, three woodwork shops, and one lumbering site, where 225 total wood dust samples and 221 respirable particle samples were collected. Wood dust mass concentration was determined by the gravimetric method. Mass concentrations exceeding total wood dust maximal allowed concentration (MAC, 3 mg/m3) were measured for beechwood and oakwood dust in 38% (79/206) of study samples from wood processing facilities (plants and woodwork shops). Mass concentrations of respirable particles exceeding MAC (1 mg/m3) were recorded in 24% (48/202) of samples from wood processing facilities (mean 2.38 +/- 2.08 mg/m3 in plants and 3.6 +/- 2.22 mg/m3 in woodwork shops). Thus, 13% (27/206) of work sites in wood processing facilities failed to meet health criteria according to European guidelines. Launching of measures to reduce wood dust emission to the work area is recommended.
Stjepan Šešelj, Približene daljine Duhovne Hrvatske, Hrvatsko slovo
Neveka Nekić, Susret u Emausu
Stanko Lasić: Pravo na rođenje u učenju Crkve, priredio Petar Marija Radelj, Centar za bioetiku, ...Zagreb i Tonimir, Varaždinske Toplice, Zagreb, 2009.
The aim of the study was to determine occupational exposure in Croatian wood processing industry and forest workers to harmful effects of wood dust on the risk of nose, nasal cavity and lung ...carcinoma. Mass concentrations of respirable particles and total wood dust were measured at two wood processing plants, three woodwork shops, and one lumbering site, where 225 total wood dust samples and 221 respirable particle samples were collected. Wood dust mass concentration was determined by the gravimetric method. Mass concentrations exceeding total wood dust maximal allowed concentration (MAC, 3 mg/m3) were measured for beechwood and oakwood dust in 38% (79/206) of study samples from wood processing facilities (plants and woodwork shops). Mass concentrations of respirable particles exceeding MAC (1 mg/m3) were recorded in 24% (48/202) of samples from wood processing facilities (mean 2.38_2.08 mg/m3 in plants and 3.6 ±2.22 mg/m3 in woodwork shops). Thus, 13% (27/206) of work sites in wood processing facilities failed to meet health criteria according to European guidelines. Launching of measures to reduce wood dust emission to the work area is recommended.
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