During a mycological survey of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a fungal specimen that morphologically resembled the American species
was encountered. A polyphasic approach including ...morphological and chemotaxonomic together with a multigene phylogenetic study (ITS, LSU,
, and
) of
spp. and representatives of related genera revealed that this strain represents a new species of the Hypoxylaceae. However, the multi-locus phylogenetic inference indicated that the new fungus clustered with
in a separate clade from the other species of
. Studies by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and ion mobility tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-IM-MS/MS) were carried out on the stromatal extracts. In particular, the MS/MS spectra of the major stromatal metabolites of these species indicated the production of hitherto unreported azaphilone pigments with a similar core scaffold to the cohaerin-type metabolites, which are exclusively found in the Hypoxylaceae. Based on these results, the new genus
is introduced herein. Aside from
, the genus also includes
, which clustered together with the type species within a basal clade of the Hypoxylaceae together with its sister genus
.
Thailand has rich natural resources and diverse ecosystems. From our surveys of entomopathogenic fungi in Thailand over the last decade, 66
Beauveria
strains in BIOTEC Culture Collection (BCC) were ...studied to account for the diversity of this genus in Thailand. Examination of morphological characteristics from various media and phylogenetic analyses based on partial sequence of ITS,
TEF
,
RBP1
,
RPB2
, and the nuclear intergenic region Bloc, were realized. Among the strains from Thailand, we described here a new species, namely
B. mimosiformis
sp. nov., isolated from Coleoptera larva in the North of Thailand. This new species has a unique characteristic of phialides and conidia forming an ensemble similar to plant leaves of the genus
Mimosa
; it has pale yellow to light yellow stromata, cylindrical with rounded apices or oblong conidia
,
cylindrical part-ascospores. We also found a teleomorph linked to
B. asiatica
and documented new hosts (Lepidoptera larva and adult beetle) of
B. gryllotalpidicola
, as well as reported
B. malawiensis
for the first time in Thailand. Beside those species,
B. bassiana
and
B. loeiensis
were also identified, adding up to six species from Thailand. Through molecular phylogenetic analyses, we revealed (1) diverging lineages within
B. asiatica
and
B. bassiana
which, despite lack of support to be erected as any higher taxonomical unit, demonstrated complex intra-specific molecular diversity undergoing differentiation and (2) ambiguous relations between certain known species, particularly for
B. majiangensis
that we synonymized as
B. asiatica
.
Based on the taxonomic and nomenclatural recommendations of Quandt et al. (2014) new species combinations are made for Ophiocordycipitaceae. These new combinations are compliant with recent changes ...in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and the abolition of the dual system of nomenclature for fungi. These changes include 10 new combinations into Drechmeria, four new combinations into Harposporium, 23 new combinations and 15 synonymies in Ophiocordyceps, and one new combination into Purpureocillium.
During the rainy season in Thailand, specimens of coral fungi were collected from community forests in Chiang Mai and Kalasin Provinces. The species presented here,
Trechispora khokpasiensis
,
T
.
...saluangensis
, and
T
.
sanpapaoensis
are characterized by coralloid basidiomata and described as new taxa in
Hydnodontaceae
(
Trechisporales
) based on analyses of their morphological characters and phylogenetic relationships from the nuclear ribosomal large subunit (LSU) as well as the internal transcribed spacer regions’ (ITS) sequence data. Morphological descriptions and illustrations, including color photographs, line drawings and phylogenetic trees, are presented. Comparisons with similar species are also provided.
Four new species of
Ophiocordyceps
pathogenic to termites,
Ophiocordyceps fusiformis
,
O
.
globosa
,
O
.
isopterae
and
O
.
radiciformis
, were collected from community forests and described based on ...morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic data.
Ophiocordyceps globosa
has pseudo-immersed perithecia and globose conidia, while
O. fusiformis
,
O. isopterae
and
O. radiciformis
share similarities of having ovoid superficial perithecia, filiform asci, and filiform, whole, septate ascospores but differ in their sizes.
Ophiocordyceps radiciformis
possesses the largest size of all the aforementioned characters followed by
O. fusiformis
and
O. isopterae
, respectively.
Ophiocordyceps fusiformis
produces
Hymenostilbe
-like asexual morph and
O. globosa
,
O. isopterae
and
O. radiciformis
produce
Hirsutella
-like asexual morph. The phylogenetic analyses based on the ITS rDNA barcode and 4-gene dataset comprising LSU,
TEF1
,
RPB1
and
RPB2
supported these four new species in
Ophiocordyceps
.
Akanthomyces
is a genus of invertebrate-pathogenic fungi from the family Cordycipitaceae (Ascomycota, Hypocreales). Its species occurs on two different types of hosts, spiders and insects, and in the ...latter case specifically Lepidoptera adults. Three new species of
Akanthomyces
,
A. noctuidarum
,
A. pyralidarum
, and
A. tortricidarum
occurring on adult moths from Thailand are proposed based on the differences of their morphological characteristics and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses using a combined dataset, including the internal transcribed spacer regions, the large subunit of the ribosomal DNA, translation elongation factor 1-α, the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, support the delimitation of these new species in
Akanthomyces
.
In our ongoing search for new bioactive fungal metabolites, two new cytochalasans were isolated from stromata of the hypoxylaceous ascomycete
. Their structures were elucidated via high-resolution ...mass spectrometry (HR-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Together with 23 additional cytochalasans isolated from ascomata and mycelial cultures of different Ascomycota, they were tested on their ability to disrupt the actin cytoskeleton of mammal cells in a preliminary structure⁻activity relationship study. Out of all structural features, the presence of hydroxyl group at the C7 and C18 residues, as well as their stereochemistry, were determined as important factors affecting the potential to disrupt the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, reversibility of the actin disrupting effects was tested, revealing no direct correlations between potency and reversibility in the tested compound group. Since the diverse bioactivity of cytochalasans is interesting for various applications in eukaryotes, the exact effect on eukaryotic cells will need to be determined, e.g., by follow-up studies involving medicinal chemistry and by inclusion of additional natural cytochalasans. The results are also discussed in relation to previous studies in the literature, including a recent report on the anti-Biofilm activities of essentially the same panel of compounds against the pathogenic bacterium,
.
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia , Agaricus albofoetidus , Agaricus aureoelephanti and Agaricus parviumbrus on soil, Fusarium ...ramsdenii from stem cankers of Araucaria cunninghamii , Keissleriella sporoboli from stem of Sporobolus natalensis , Leptosphaerulina queenslandica and Pestalotiopsis chiaroscuro from leaves of Sporobolus natalensis , Serendipita petricolae as endophyte from roots of Eriochilus petricola , Stagonospora tauntonensis from stem of Sporobolus natalensis , Teratosphaeria carnegiei from leaves of Eucalyptus grandis × E. camaldulensis and Wongia ficherai from roots of Eragrostis curvula . Canada , Lulworthia fundyensis from intertidal wood and Newbrunswickomyces abietophilus (incl. Newbrunswickomyces gen. nov.) on buds of Abies balsamea . Czech Republic , Geosmithia funiculosa from a bark beetle gallery on Ulmus minor and Neoherpotrichiella juglandicola (incl. Neoherpotrichiella gen. nov.) from wood of Juglans regia . France , Aspergillus rouenensis and Neoacrodontium gallica (incl. Neoacrodontium gen. nov.) from bore dust of Xestobium rufovillosum feeding on Quercus wood, Endoradiciella communis (incl. Endoradiciella gen. nov.) endophytic in roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum and Entoloma simulans on soil. India , Amanita konajensis on soil and Keithomyces indicus from soil. Israel , Microascus rothbergiorum from Stylophora pistillata . Italy , Calonarius ligusticus on soil. Netherlands , Appendopyricularia juncicola (incl. Appendopyricularia gen. nov.), Eriospora juncicola and Tetraploa juncicola on dead culms of Juncus effusus , Gonatophragmium physciae on Physcia caesia and Paracosmospora physciae (incl. Paracosmospora gen. nov.) on Physcia tenella , Myrmecridium phragmitigenum on dead culm of Phragmites australis , Neochalara lolae on stems of Pteridium aquilinum , Niesslia nieuwwulvenica on dead culm of undetermined Poaceae , Nothodevriesia narthecii (incl. Nothodevriesia gen. nov.) on dead leaves of Narthecium ossifragum and Parastenospora pini (incl. Parastenospora gen. nov.) on dead twigs of Pinus sylvestris . Norway , Verticillium bjoernoeyanum from sand grains attached to a piece of driftwood on a sandy beach. Portugal , Collybiopsis cimrmanii on the base of living Quercus ilex and amongst dead leaves of Laurus and herbs. South Africa , Paraproliferophorum hyphaenes (incl. Paraproliferophorum gen. nov.) on living leaves of Hyphaene sp. and Saccothecium widdringtoniae on twigs of Widdringtonia wallichii . Spain , Cortinarius dryosalor on soil, Cyphellophora endoradicis endophytic in roots of Microthlaspi perfoliatum , Geoglossum laurisilvae on soil, Leptographium gemmatum from fluvial sediments, Physalacria auricularioides from a dead twig of Castanea sativa , Terfezia bertae and Tuber davidlopezii in soil. Sweden , Alpova larskersii , Inocybe alpestris and Inocybe boreogodeyi on soil. Thailand , Russula banwatchanensis , Russula purpureoviridis and Russula lilacina on soil. Ukraine , Nectriella adonidis on overwintered stems of Adonis vernalis . USA , Microcyclus jacquiniae from living leaves of Jacquinia keyensis and Penicillium neoherquei from a minute mushroom sporocarp. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
Polycephalomyces (Ophiocordycipitaceae) species are found in subtropical regions and are parasitic or hyperparasitic on insects. Two new species, P. aurantiacus and P. marginaliradians, parasitic on ...Ophiocordyceps barnesii and larva of Cossidae respectively, are introduced in this paper. Morphological comparison with extant species and DNA based phylogenies from analyses of a multigene dataset support the establishment of the new taxa. Polycephalomyces aurantiacus, exhibiting a hyperparasitic lifestyle on Ophiocordyceps barnesii, differs from other species in producing orange conidia in mass and have longer β-phialides in culture. Polycephalomyces marginaliradians differs from other Ophiocordyceps species by producing single stromata with a stipe, smaller perithecia and branched α-phialides and catenate α-conidia and is parasitic on Cossidae. A combined nrSSU, nrLSU, ITS, tef-1a, rpb1 and rpb2 sequence data was analysed phylogenetically including Ophiocordyceps and Polycephalomyces taxa. The new species described herein are clearly distinct from other species in Polycephalomyces. We provide a key to the species of Polycephalomyces and discuss relevant interspecies relationships.
The genus Durotheca is introduced with D. depressa sp. nov., as type. Hypoxylon comedens is transferred to Durotheca, based on its morphology with further evidence from molecular phylogenetic ...studies; a combined β-tubulin and α-actin gene dataset. Theissenia cinerea is synonymized with D. comedens, and the type of Theissenia, T. pyrenocrata, is shown to occupy a basal, rather distant position in a monotypic clade in relation to sequenced taxa of Durotheca. This clade has an unresolved position in relation to the two informal subfamilies "Xylarioideae" and "Hypoxyloideae" within the Xylariaceae. New distributional data for D. comedens and T. pyrenocrata are presented, with the former found to be widespread in South-East Asia and the latter is reported as new from western Amazonia (Ecuador). One further species described in Theissenia, T. rogersii, is transferred to Durotheca, whilst T. eurima is accepted in Theissenia.
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