Many people with type 1 diabetes are keen to exercise and play sport. Different types of exercise cause different problems with glycaemic control and require different management strategies. ...Physiological problems and possible management solutions in type 1 diabetes are considered for three types of exercise using case scenarios. Moderate intensity exercise is linked with hypoglycaemia and so insulin dose reductions and carbohydrate supplementation are discussed. Similar strategies for dealing with post-exercise hypoglycaemia are also considered. High intensity-exercise is linked with hyperglycaemia, with insulin dose increases a possible solution. Intermittent high-intensity exercise is linked with an attenuated reduction in blood glucose during exercise, and a reduction in the risk of immediate post-exercise hypoglycaemia. The potential benefits of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in managing diabetes in the context of exercise are discussed. Given the need to keep patients with type 1 diabetes healthy, training in this area is becoming increasingly important for professionals caring for this group of patients.
The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) is the first technological prototype in a family of high-granularity calorimeters developed by the CALICE Collaboration to equip the experiments ...of future lepton colliders. The SDHCAL is a sampling calorimeter using stainless steel for absorber and Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPC) as a sensitive medium. The GRPC are read out by 1~cm \(\times\) 1~cm pickup pads combined to a multi-threshold electronics. The prototype was exposed to hadron beams in both the CERN PS and the SPS beamlines in 2015 allowing the test of the SDHCAL in a large energy range from 3~GeV to 80~GeV. After introducing the method used to select the hadrons of our data and reject the muon and electron contamination, we present the energy reconstruction approach that we apply to the data collected from both beamlines and we discuss the response linearity and the energy resolution of the SDHCAL. The results obtained in the two beamlines confirm the excellent SDHCAL performance observed with the data collected with the same prototype in the SPS beamline in 2012. They also show the stability of the SDHCAL in different beam conditions and different time periods.
The value of urologist-operated real time ultrasound scanning was assessed in the urological out-patient clinic. In terms of accuracy, the urologists' ultrasound scans of the genito-urinary tract ...proved comparable with those of the radiologists. The techniques were quickly learned and scanning added little to the consultation time. Scanning during clinic time was shown to be both time-saving and cost-effective by allowing more rapid assessment of the patient and a speedier diagnosis. In economic terms considerable savings could be made by reducing the need for formal ultrasound referrals, since patients scanned at the out-patient clinic would be spared two further trips to hospital, one for the formal examination and another for the out-patient clinic review. Clinic turnover thus becomes more efficient and inconvenience to the patient and transport costs are lessened.
The semi-digital Hadronic calorimeter using GRPC as sensitive medium is one of the two options the ILD collaboration is considering for the ILD detector final design. A prototype of 1m3 has been ...conceived within the CALICE collaboration in order to validate this option. The prototype is intended to be as close as possible to the one proposed in the ILD LOI. A first unit of 1m2 GRPC of 3 mm thickness and fully equipped with a semi-digital electronics readout and new gas distribution design was produced and successfully tested. In 2010 we intend to produce 40 similar units to be inserted in a self-supporting mechanical structure. The prototype will then be exposed to test beams at CERN or at Fermilab for final validation.
The limitation of the detection rate of standard bakelite resistive plate chambers (RPC) used as muon detectors in the LHC experiments has prevented the use of such detectors in the high rate regions ...in both CMS and ATLAS detectors. One alternative to these detectors are RPCs made with low resistivity glass plates (\(10^{10} {\rm \Omega .cm}\)), a beam test at DESY has shown that such detectors can operate at few thousand Hz/cm\(^2\) with high efficiency(> 90%)
The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) prototype using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers as a sensitive medium is the first technological prototype of a family of high-granularity ...calorimeters developed by the CALICE collaboration to equip the experiments of future leptonic colliders. It was exposed to beams of hadrons, electrons and muons several times in the CERN PS and SPS beamlines between 2012 and 2018. We present here a new method of particle identification within the SDHCAL using the Boosted Decision Trees (BDT) method applied to the data collected in 2015. The performance of the method is tested first with Geant4-based simulated events and then on the data collected by the SDHCAL in the energy range between 10 and 80~GeV with 10~GeV energy steps. The BDT method is then used to reject the electrons and muons that contaminate the SPS hadron beams.
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