Long-acting insulin analogues (insulin glargine (Lantus), sanofi-aventis; insulin detemir (Levemir), Novo Nordisk) are now used to provide basal insulin therapy for the majority of people using ...multiple daily injection (MDI) treatment regimens for type 1 diabetes. These insulins have provided significant benefit in terms of greater stability of circulating insulin levels 1, 2, which in turn has led to more stable blood glucose levels and a reduction in rates of hypoglycemia, particularly nocturnal hypoglycemia 3, 4. However, as has been explained elsewhere in this volume, circulating insulin levels can vary considerably during sport and exercise in those without diabetes. An unfortunate consequence of stabilizing insulin levels in those with type 1 diabetes is, therefore, a significant risk of dysglycemia during exercise. For example, during endurance exercise in those without diabetes, such as prolonged running or cycling, insulin levels fall 5 to allow the mobilization of carbohydrate and lipid fuel sources 6, with insulin secretion falling to below fasting levels 7. These fuel sources provide the energy required by exercising muscle and allow blood glucose levels to be maintained within a tight range. In people with diabetes using MDI therapy, insulin levels remain reasonably stable during exercise 5. This limits the body’s ability to mobilize the required fuel sources and therefore results in a significant risk of hypoglycemia. The (somewhat inelegant) solution to this problem is usually the ingestion of carbohydrate, which can be problematic to maintain in some sports and also reduces the benefit of exercise if weight control is one of the intended outcomes.
Status of the CMS MSGC Tracker Latronico, Luca
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2000, Letnik:
446, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The current design of the Micro Strip Gas Chamber Tracker of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment (CMS) at LHC is presented. An extensive study of the performance of the final layout MSGC detectors ...is being carried out in dedicated tests that reproduce LHC-like conditions. Results from these tests are reported, showing the reliability of the MSGC detectors optimized for tracking in the CMS environment.
Thymectomy has been found to be ineffective as a means of potentiating the immunosuppressive action of Melphalan in adult CBA-p mice challenged with A-strain mammary carcinoma transplants. This was ...true when the thymectomy was performed 2 days, 4 weeks or 7 weeks prior to injection of a single dose (15 mg/kg body weight) of Melphalan, administered 24 hours prior to tumour transplantation, and also when thymectomy was combined with multiple doses of Melphalan given before and after tumour transplantation. These findings are discussed.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
MicroStrip Gas Chambers (MSGC's) have been proposed for equipping the outer region of the tracker of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The MSGC's have ...undergone extensive development and tests during the last few years and their performance is well established. An important issue that has to be addressed to date is whether MSGC's can maintain their characteristics after a long exposure to an intense flux of particles, similar to LHC. We report results from the most recent beam test addressing this topic.
A large prototype of 1.3m3 was designed and built as a demonstrator of the semi-digital hadronic calorimeter (SDHCAL) concept proposed for the future ILC experiments. The prototype is a sampling ...hadronic calorimeter of 48 units. Each unit is built of an active layer made of 1m2 Glass Resistive Plate Chamber(GRPC) detector placed inside a cassette whose walls are made of stainless steel. The cassette contains also the electronics used to read out the GRPC detector. The lateral granularity of the active layer is provided by the electronics pick-up pads of 1cm2 each. The cassettes are inserted into a self-supporting mechanical structure built also of stainless steel plates which, with the cassettes walls, play the role of the absorber. The prototype was designed to be very compact and important efforts were made to minimize the number of services cables to optimize the efficiency of the Particle Flow Algorithm techniques to be used in the future ILC experiments. The different components of the SDHCAL prototype were studied individually and strict criteria were applied for the final selection of these components. Basic calibration procedures were performed after the prototype assembling. The prototype is the first of a series of new-generation detectors equipped with a power-pulsing mode intended to reduce the power consumption of this highly granular detector. A dedicated acquisition system was developed to deal with the output of more than 440000 electronics channels in both trigger and triggerless modes. After its completion in 2011, the prototype was commissioned using cosmic rays and particles beams at CERN.
The Hazards of Diathermy in Urology Mitchell, J. P.; Lumb, G. N.
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine,
05/1960, Letnik:
53, Številka:
5
Journal Article
An important technological step towards the realization of an ultra-granular hadronic calorimeter to be used in the future International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments has been made. A 33X50 cm2 ...GRPC detector equipped with a power-pulsed electronics board offering a 1cm2 lateral segmentation was successfully tested in a 3-Tesla magnet operating at the H2 beam line of the CERN SPS. An important reduction of power consumption with no deterioration of the detector performance is obtained when the power-pulsing mode is applied. This important result shows that ultra-granular calorimeters for ILC experiments are not only an attractive but also a realistic option.
Points: Urinary frequency and urgency O'Boyle, P J; Lumb, G N; Vesey, S ...
BMJ. British medical journal,
01/1987, Letnik:
294, Številka:
6565
Journal Article
PDF
