Objective:
Existing research in action video games has increased in recent years due to the expansion of their use all over the world. Specifically, there is growing evidence about the positive ...development of the cognitive functions associated with the use of this kind of video game. Therefore, this work aims to explore the relationship between playing action video games and the development of attention span as well as the impact at the brain level from a functional perspective.
Methods:
Articles were searched in Scopus, Pubmed, and Web of Science. A total of 196 studies were retrieved, among which 13 studies were systematically reviewed.
Results:
The review has shown that playing action video games can improve cognitive functions, including attention, with reaction time and processing speed being the aspects that would most benefit from such practice, as well as the development of focused, sustained, and divided attention. Also, there are functional brain changes.
Conclusion:
It is necessary to deepen the understanding of the association between playing action video games and the development of attention.
Two-phase flow in porous media is a very active field of research, due to its important applications in groundwater pollution,
CO
2
sequestration, or oil and gas production from petroleum reservoirs, ...just to name a few of them. Fractional flow equations, which make use of Darcy’s law, for describing the movement of two immiscible fluids in a porous medium, are among the most relevant mathematical models in reservoir simulation. This work aims to solve a fractional flow model formed by an elliptic equation, representing the spatial distribution of the pressure, and a hyperbolic equation describing the space-time evolution of water saturation. The numerical solution of the elliptic part is obtained using a finite-element (FE) scheme, while the hyperbolic equation is solved by means of two different numerical approaches, both in the finite-volume (FV) framework. One is based on a monotonic upstream-centered scheme for conservation laws (MUSCL)-Hancock scheme, whereas the other makes use of a weighted essentially non-oscillatory (ENO) reconstruction. In both cases, a first-order centered (FORCE)-
α
numerical scheme is applied for intercell flux reconstruction, which constitutes a new contribution in the field of fractional flow models describing oil-water movement. A relevant feature of this work is the study of the effect of the parameter
α
on the numerical solution of the models considered. We also show that, in the FORCE-
α
method, when the parameter
α
increases, the errors diminish and the order of accuracy is more properly attained, as verified using a manufactured solution technique.
Idiopathic aseptic facial granuloma (IAFG) is an underrecognized pediatric skin disease, currently considered within the spectrum of rosacea. It usually manifests as a solitary, reddish, asymptomatic ...nodule on the cheek that resolves spontaneously.
Retrospective and descriptive observational study of 43 pediatric patients with a clinical diagnosis of IAFG, followed between 2004 and 2022, at two general hospitals in Argentina.
IAFG predominated in girls (65%) and the average age of onset was about 6 years. A single asymptomatic nodule was seen in 79% of patients. The most common localization was the cheek (58%) followed by lower eyelids (41%). Family history of rosacea was present in 16% of patients. A concomitant diagnosis of rosacea and periorificial dermatitis was made in 14% and 9% of our population, respectively. Past or present history of chalazia was detected in 42% of the children. IAFG diagnosis was mainly clinical (88% of cases). Oral antibiotics were the most common indicated treatment (84%). Complete healing was achieved by the majority, but 18% of those with eyelid compromise healed with scars.
IAFG is a benign pediatric condition that physicians should recognize in order to manage correctly. We herein refer to a particular morphologic aspect of IAFG lesions affecting the lower eyelids, where nodules adopt a linear distribution and have a higher probability of involute leaving a scar. Also, we consider that the concomitant findings of rosacea, periorificial dermatitis and chalazia in our patients, reinforce the consideration of IAFG within the spectrum of rosacea.
Biofilm production is an important mechanism for the survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its relationship with antimicrobial resistance represents a challenge for patient therapeutics. P. ...aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen frequently associated to nosocomial infections, especially in imunocompromised hosts.
Analyze the phenotypic biofilm production in P. aeruginosa isolates, describe clonal profiles, and analyze quorum sensing (QS) genes and the occurrence of mutations in the LasR protein of non-biofilm producing isolates.
Isolates were tested for biofilm production by measuring cells adherence to the microtiter plates. Clonal profile analysis was carried out through ERIC-PCR, QS genes were by specific PCR.
The results showed that 77.5% of the isolates were considered biofilm producers. The results of genotyping showed 38 distinct genetic profiles. As for the occurrence of the genes, 100% of the isolates presented the lasR, rhlI and rhlR genes, and 97.5%, presented the lasI gene. In this study nine isolates were not biofilm producers. However, all presented the QS genes. Amplicons related to genes were sequenced in three of the nine non-biofilm-producing isolates (all presenting different genetic similarity profile) and aligned to the sequences of those genes in P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 (standard biofilm-producing strain). Alignment analysis showed an insertion of three nucleotides (T, C and G) causing the addition of an amino acid valine in the sequence of the LasR protein, in position 53.
The modeling of the resulting LasR protein showed a conformational change in its structure, suggesting that this might be the reason why these isolates are unable to produce biofilm.
Heterozygous mutations in caspase recruitment domain family member 14 gene (CARD14) have been shown to be associated with psoriasis and familial pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP). Many subjects with ...CARD14 mutations display features of both disorders, which can result in diagnostic uncertainty. In addition, these eruptions are often recalcitrant to conventional psoriasis therapies such as methotrexate, oral retinoids, and tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors.
We sought to describe the clinical characteristics, family history, and response to therapy in subjects with papulosquamous eruptions due to mutations in CARD14.
Subjects were referred for genetic testing as part of a registry of subjects with inherited disorders of keratinization. DNA was isolated from blood or saliva, and multiplex targeted sequencing or whole exome sequencing was performed. Clinical histories of subjects with CARD14 mutations were reviewed.
We identified 15 kindreds with CARD14-associated papulosquamous eruption (CAPE). Characteristic features of CAPE include early age of onset; prominent involvement of the cheeks, chin, and ears; family history of psoriasis or PRP; minimal response to conventional topical and systemic psoriasis therapies; and improvement with ustekinumab.
Relatively small sample size.
Many subjects with CARD14 mutations display characteristics of both psoriasis and PRP. We propose the term CARD14-associated papulosquamous eruption to describe this spectrum of disease. Subjects with clinical features suggestive of CAPE should undergo CARD14 sequencing and may benefit from treatment with ustekinumab.
Two compact generators of 14 MeV and 2.5 MeV neutrons have been installed in the new NILE facility. Neutrons are produced by Deuterium-Deuterium and Deuterium-Tritium fusion reactions. The facility ...has been designed with the assistance of Monte Carlo calculations. Here we present neutron measurements with multiple techniques for the characterization of the radiation field and dosimetry. Activation foils are used as a standard technique for passive measurements of neutron fluxes. Active detectors, like fission chambers, are used mainly as online neutron monitor. Diamond detectors are applied with the main purpose of high-resolution neutron spectroscopy. Scintillators are used as neutron monitors and spectrometers with the additional capability of neutron/gamma discrimination. The characterised neutron beams will be mainly applied for testing of electronics.
Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (WHS) is a rare, congenital disease characterized by a distinctive facial phenotype, seizures, intellectual disability and developmental delay, and pre and postnatal growth ...requiring lifelong care. The psychosocial status of the family caregivers of children diagnosed with WHS is unknown. This study aims to characterize the sociodemographic and psychosocial profile of WHS caregivers and analyze how these variables impact their quality of life (QoL) and well-being. The sociodemographic and clinical profile of 22 Spanish caregivers of children with WHS and the characteristics of those affected have been described. Significant relationships were found between sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics among caregivers. The impact on the parents' QoL and negative relationship with the symptomatology were assessed. The use of engagement strategies such as problem focused coping was associated with improved psychological QoL and social support. WHS caregivers share similarities in their profile and needs with caregivers of children with other rare diseases. Pychosocial support groups involving parents caring for children with the same disease could improve caregivers' well-being and QoL by strengthening their social support network and using positive coping styles.
Purpose: Chiari malformation (CM) Type I is a rare disorder that implies an anomaly in the craniocervical junction, where one or both cerebellar tonsils are displaced below the foramen magnum into ...the cervical spinal channel. Research carried out regarding cognitive symptoms such as verbal fluency is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether verbal fluency is impaired in a CM clinical group compared to a group of healthy control individuals while controlling for depression and anxiety symptomatology. Method: For this purpose, 101 individuals were enrolled to take part in the study (51 CM, 50 healthy controls). The Controlled Oral Word Association Test (Benton, de Hamsher, & Sivan, 1983) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond & Snaith, 1983) were administered. Results: Results showed significantly lower scores for the CM group in verbal fluency compared to the control group (p < 0.005). After performing an analysis of covariance to eliminate depression and anxiety symptomatology tendencies, it was observed that verbal fluency could not be predicted by this variable (p > 0.005). Conclusions: From the results of this study, it can be concluded that people suffering from CM exhibit less verbal fluency than healthy control individuals and that this difference is not caused by depression or anxiety.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Abrocitinib, a once-daily, oral Janus kinase 1 selective inhibitor, was shown to be an effective treatment for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in phase 2 b/3 monotherapy trials.
These analyses ...included data for Investigator's Global Assessment responder (clear 0 or almost clear
1
with ≥2-grade improvement) and nonresponder patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis who received abrocitinib (200 mg or 100 mg) or placebo in three abrocitinib monotherapy trials (phase 2 b, NCT02780167; two phase 3, NCT03349060/JADE MONO-1 and NCT03575871/JADE MONO-2). Outcomes measuring skin clearance, itch, and quality of life were evaluated.
Both nonresponders (n = 548) and responders (n = 260) treated with abrocitinib had rapid and clinically meaningful improvement in skin clearance, itch, and quality of life compared with placebo.
Patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis treated with abrocitinib who did not achieve an Investigator's Global Assessment 0/1 response at week 12 still experienced rapid, clinically meaningful improvements across several other validated measures of efficacy and quality of life.
NCT02780167, NCT03349060, NCT03575871
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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