The temporal and spatial production characteristics of coalbed methane (CBM) wells in the Fanzhuang Block of the Southern Qinshui Basin, the first commercial CBM-producing basin in China, were ...studied to determine the dominant factors. The study indicates that gas production differs significantly in different wells adjacent to or located in different tectonic areas. In combination with the production characteristics in the temporal and spatial variations, the impact of seven factors (burial depth, thickness of coal, gas content, porosity/permeability, effect of fracturing, structural setting, and hydrogeological conditions) on the gas production was analyzed based on bivariate correlation analysis and gray system theory, which are suitable for solving the complex interrelationships between multiple factors and variables. The results indicate that hydraulic fracturing is an effective guarantee of high-production CBM wells in the first several months during a high-rank CBM field development. However, the effect of hydraulic fracturing on enhancing the gas production of CBM wells decreases with time because the initial reservoir permeability, lower than the hydraulic fracture permeability, limits the adsorption, diffusion and flow of CBM. This limitation inevitably leads to a slow gas production rate when the adsorbed CBM from the initial reservoir becomes the main gas source instead of the fracturing-affected zone. Gas content and permeability are two key factors that dominate CBM well productivity, because they perform elementary roles in controlling the volume of gas sources and conductivity, respectively. The structural setting and hydrogeological condition are also two important factors that dominate CBM well productivity because they can influence the spatial distribution of permeability and gas content as well as other factors (such as aquifers).
► CBM wells production performance in the Southern Qinshui Basin was introduced. ► GS theory and statistics were used to study the factors affecting gas production. ► Hydraulic fracturing determines the initial production performance of CBM wells. ► Gas content and permeability determine the long-run performance of CBM fields.
Prior studies ignore the impact of infrastructure on university technology transfer. High-speed rail, China's most significant infrastructure, has played an essential role in the economy and society. ...Using high-speed railway construction as a quasi-experiment and a large sample of Chinese universities for the 2007-2017 period, we investigate the impact of high-speed rail on university technology transfer. We provide extensive evidence that high-speed rail has a positive effect on university technology transfer. The finding remains valid after a battery of robustness tests. Mechanism tests find that high-speed rail can improve university technology transfer by promoting the interaction between universities and enterprises and improving enterprises' technology demand for universities. Further analysis shows that better intellectual property protection strengthens the effect of high-speed rail on university technology transfer, and the relationship between high-speed rail and university technology transfer is more prominent in the regions with underdevelopment technology trading markets. Our study suggests that high-speed rail is an important variable that affects university technology transfer.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Can all types of tax burdens negatively affect corporate innovation activities? The Chinese Environmental Protection Tax Law provides a chance to investigate the impact of environmental taxes on ...corporate green innovation. Using a large sample of Chinese listed firms for the 2015–2019 period and the difference-in-difference method, this paper finds that environmental taxes promote corporate green innovation. This result is robust to a battery of sensitivity tests and is more prominent for firms facing intense product market competition, firms with more financial constraints, and firms located in lower marketization regions. Mechanism tests find that firms engage in green innovation to cater to government environmental governance. Additional analyses find that environmental taxes have a significant effect on green innovation efficiency and green utility model innovation but fail to impact green invention innovations. Our study provides new and different evidence of the impact of taxes on corporate innovation and has important policy implications.
Prepaid service is not only a financial tool, but also a common promotion mode in tourism and hospitality. Due to the limited resources of the enterprise, the enterprise needs to reasonably allocate ...the promotion resources to maximize the effectiveness of the promotion. As two common promotion purchase restrictions, limited-time promotion and limited-quantity promotion how to interact with prepaid services in the form of discounts or freebies to enhance consumers’ willingness to share is the focus of this study. This study carried out three experiments based on framing effect theory, stimulus-organism-response theory, and social capital theory, which has found that the prepaid service mode moderates the relationship between promotion purchase restrictions and consumers’ willingness to share. When the prepaid service mode is a discount type, the limited-quantity promotion can generate higher sharing willingness than the limited-time promotion, and the perceived scarcity plays a mediating role. When the prepaid service mode is a freebie type, the limited-time promotion can generate higher sharing willingness than the limited-quantity promotion, and the perceived certainty of opportunity plays a mediating role.
Urban traffic accident detection in surveillance videos is an essential task in intelligent traffic monitoring. The current deep-learning based approaches suffer from the lack of large-scale traffic ...accident video datasets due to the privacy concerns. In this paper, we propose a framework to synthesize traffic videos containing both normal traffic and accident events by simulating the real urban traffic scenarios. By introducing various weather conditions, viewpoints of surveillance cameras, and traffic statuses, we can simulate the complex real-world traffic scenarios. The vehicles are automatically controlled to behave normally or trigger accidents randomly. Based on our framework, we automatically generate a synthetic dataset containing 1,100 distinct traffic videos with video-level annotations. For accident detection, we observe that the existing reconstruction-based models produce many false alarms by predicting the pseudo accidents (non-accident anomalous traffic events) as real accidents. To address this ambiguity problem, we propose an improved approach by employing multiple instance learning to refine the detection results. Our experiments demonstrate the great potentials of our proposed framework in boosting the performance of accident detection on real-world datasets. We make our code and dataset publicly available at https://github.com/hankluo2/UrbanTrafficAccidentDetection.
The function of Fintech is preventing and resolving financial risks, and the ability of small and medium-sized commercial banks to apply Fintech to resolve non-performing loan risks deserves ...attention. This paper uses as a sample the micro-survey data of 432 branches of the city commercial banks in Beijing from 2005 to 2022 and constructs an econometric model of the risk reduction effect of Fintech on non-performing loans.The findings are as follows.Firstly, Fintech inputs can significantly reduce the risk of non-performing loans. For every 1% increase in IT personnel inputs, software inputs, and hardware inputs, the non-performing loan ratio will reduce by 0.091%, 0.055%, and 0.024%, respectively. In other words, IT personnel inputs contribute the most to the reduction of non-performing loan risk, followed by software inputs.Fintech has a certain lag effect in alleviating the risk of non-performing loans in banks and tends to strengthen over time.Secondly, Fintech inputs has an indirect effect on banks' performance by reducing non-performing loan risk, And there is a positive feedback loop between Fintech inputs, non-performing loan risk mitigation, and improving performance. This effect is not significant in the current period but significant when lagged by three periods.Thirdly, Fintech inputs has a significant inhibitory effect on non-performing loans loans of concern and subprime. For every 1% increase in inputs in IT personnel, software, and hardware, concern will decrease by 0.263%, 0.358%, and 0.107%, respectively, while subprime will decrease by 0.115%, 0.216%, and 0.057%, respectively. Software and personnel inputs have a greater inhibitory effect on the above two types of loans than hardware inputs. Fourthly,mechanism analysis shows that data governance application, compliance enforcement, and internal control enforcement have a moderating effect on Fintech input's impact on banks' non-performing loan risk.
•The function of Fintech is preventing and resolving financial risks, and the ability of small and medium-sized commercial banks to apply Fintech to resolve non-performing loan risks deserves attention. This paper uses as a sample the micro-survey data of 432 branches of the city commercial banks from 2005 to 2022 and constructs an econometric model of the risk reduction effect of Fintech on non-performing loans.The findings are as follows.•Firstly, Fintech inputs can significantly reduce the risk of non-performing loans. For every 1% increase in IT personnel inputs, software inputs, and hardware inputs, the non-performing loan ratio will reduce by 0.091%, 0.055%, and 0.024%, respectively. In other words, IT personnel inputs contribute the most to the reduction of non-performing loan risk, followed by software inputs. Fintech has a certain lag effect in alleviating the risk of non-performing loans in banks and tends to strengthen over time.•Secondly, Fintech inputs has an indirect effect on banks' performance by reducing non-performing loan risk, and there is a positive feedback loop between Fintech inputs, non-performing loan risk reduction, and improving performance. This effect is not significant in the current period but significant when lagged by four periods.•Thirdly, Fintech inputs has a significant inhibitory effect on non-performing loans of concern and subprime. For every 1% increase in inputs in IT personnel, software, and hardware, concern will decrease by 0.263%, 0.358%, and 0.107%, respectively, while subprime will decrease by 0.115%, 0.216%, and 0.057%, respectively. Software and personnel inputs have a greater inhibitory effect on the above two types of loans than hardware inputs.•Fianlly,the heterogeneity tests indicate that the higher the operations compliance, risk management, and operational performance of branches, the more significant the effect of Fintech inputs on non-performing risk reduction. Similarly, the role of Fintech will be enhanced as a branch with managers with computer and legal backgrounds and as a branch in a core urban district.
Dark-light spectrum was used to express the depth of dark experience in dark tourism. Based on embodied cognition theory, this paper examined the visual expression of tourists' dark tourism ...experience. Five consecutive studies were conducted including analysis of tourists' photos in online reviews of 53 dark tourism destinations worldwide, charcoal pencil painting tasks of selected dark tourism sites in lab experiments, and field experiment. Results showed that tourists with darker experience tend to use deeper visual darkness to express their feelings, in the forms of painting and photographs, even when the cognitive process (i.e., expression in the form of words) is omitted. This psychological mechanism explains the scientific principle behind dark tourism spectrum. Our research suggests a new way of interpretation of tourist image data (e.g., photos) and sheds light for effective management of tourist experience.
•This paper investigates the effect of advertising on corporate cash holdings.•We find that advertising increases corporate cash holdings.•Our study is the first to examine the role of advertising in ...corporate cash holdings and substantiates the perspective that firms with superior corporate governance maintain greater cash reserves.
This study investigates the effect of advertising on corporate cash holdings. Using a comprehensive sample of Chinese listed firms from the 2011–2022 period, we find that advertising increases corporate cash holdings. This finding remains valid across various robustness measures and is attenuated for state-owned enterprises. Mechanism tests show that advertising affects cash holdings by improving analyst coverage. Our study is the first to examine the role of advertising in corporate cash holdings and substantiates the perspective that firms with superior corporate governance maintain greater cash reserves.
