Benefiting from the Belt and Road initiative, China experiences the flourishing cross-border trading and tourism. Meanwhile, explosive air transport demand arises in Chinese Bay Area as its strategic ...position on the Belt and Road. As an important infrastructure in Chinese Bay Area, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has connected Zhuhai airport and Hong Kong airport. As a result, we firstly propose a new international transfer mode called "air-bus-air". In order to identify the target market of "air-bus-air", a path choice model is established integrating multinomial logit model and latent class model and validated by path choice data. Test results indicate that a latent class model with three segments performs best and this method is effective in improving the accuracy of market segmentation.
To investigate the mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in nude mice bearing human esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109 xenografts.
A nude mouse model bearing human esophageal carcinoma was ...established by subcutaneous transplantation of Eca-109 cells. The mice were then randomized into 4 groups, namely hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD)-PDT group (given HpD and laser irradiation), exclusive laser irradiation group, exclusive HpD group and blank control group. In HpD-PDT group, the mice were exposed to irradiation at the light energy density of 120 Jsol;cm(2) delivered via a DIOMED 630 PDT system 24 h after intraperitoneal HpD injection, and the mice in exclusive laser irradiation group received only laser irradiation. Three days later, all the nude mice were sacrificed for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) production, immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 protein and HE staining of the tumor tissue.
The MDA level was significantly higher in HpD-PDT group than in the other 3 groups (P<0.01), and comparable b
The rapid development of metagenomics, metabolomics, and metatranscriptomics provides novel insights into the intestinal microbiota factors linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple ...microorganisms play a role in intestinal health; these include bacteria, fungi, and viruses that exist in a dynamic balance to maintain mucosal homeostasis. Perturbations in the intestinal microbiota disrupt mucosal homeostasis and are closely related to IBD in humans and colitis in mice. Therefore, preventing or correcting the imbalance of microbiota may serve as a novel prevention or treatment strategy for IBD. We review the most recent evidence for direct or indirect interventions targeting intestinal microbiota for treatment of IBD in order to overcome the current limitations of IBD therapies and shed light on personalized treatment options.
A series of benzotriazole derivatives (compounds
1–27
) were synthesized, and
24
(compounds
1–5
,
9–27
) of which were first reported. Their chemical structures were confirmed by means of
1
H NMR, IR ...and elemental analyses, coupled with one selected single crystal structure (compound
1
). All the compounds were assayed for antibacterial activities against three Gram positive bacterial strains (
Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus
and
Streptococcus faecalis
) and three Gram negative bacterial strains (
Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and
Enterobacter cloacae
) by MTT method. Among the compounds tested, most of them exhibited potent antibacterial activity against the six bacterial strains. Most importantly, compound
3-benzotriazol-1-yl-1-(4-bromo-phenyl)-2-1,2,4triazol-1-ylpropan-1-one
(
19
) showed the most favourable antibacterial activity against
B. subtilis, S. aureus, S. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, E. coli
and
E. cloacae
with MIC of 1.56 µg/mL, 1.56 µg/mL, 1.56 µg/mL, 3.12 µg/mL, 6.25 µg/mL and 6.25 µg/mL, respectively.
We present a numerically stable re-formulization of the transfer matrix method (TMM). The iteration form of the traditional TMM is transformed into solving a set of linear equations. Our method gains ...the new ability of calculating accurate wave-functions of higher dimensional disordered systems. It also shows higher efficiency than the traditional TMM when treating finite systems. In contrast to the diagonalization method, our method not only provides a new route for calculating the wave-function corresponding to the boundary conditions of open systems in realistic transport experiments, but also has advantages that the calculating wave energy/frequency can be tuned continuously and the efficiency is much higher. Our new method is further used to identify the necklace state in the two dimensional disordered Anderson model, where it shows advantage in cooperating the wave-functions with the continuous transmission spectrum of open systems. The new formulization is very simple to implement and can be readily generalized to various systems such as spin-orbit coupling systems or optical systems.
Xiang-Qi-Tang (XQT) is a Chinese medicine containing Rhizoma Cyperi (40 g), Andrographis paniculata (30 g) and Astragalus membranaceus (30 g). The purpose of this study is to investigate the ...therapeutic effects of XQT on Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC)-infected chickens. The chickens were pretreated with XQT 12 h before being inoculated with 108 colony forming unit (CFU) of APEC by subcutaneous injection, and then the mortality and the indexes of health status of chicken in each group were detected. The results showed that high dosage and middle dosage of XQT could significantly decrease the mortality of the chickens challenged with APEC. We further found that XQT improved the infected chickens’ health status through improving the water consumption, feed intake, bodyweight gain, routine blood parameters and decreasing the incidences of pericarditis and perihepatitis. The results of present study suggest that XQT can effectively treat chicken colibacillosis as a potential agent.
Resveratrol had shown various properties before, like immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. Based on these properties, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects ...and mechanism of resveratrol as an immune-adjuvant for pseudorabies virus (PRV) vaccine. We found that oral administration of resveratrol to mice significantly increased the number of T lymphocytes in the spleen, and elevated the concentrations of antibodies and cytokines in the serum. Resveratrol (30 mg/kg) could enhance phagocytic capacity of peritoneal macrophage (PM) by boosting the percentage of phagocytosis, phagocytic index and the level of lysozyme. Resveratrol also enhanced antigen presentation function of PM by upregulating the expressions of CD86 and MHC-II. Further study revealed that resveratrol could increase the protein levels of TLR4, Ikk, IκBα, NF-κB and JNK when compared with non-adjuvant group. These results provide further insight into the mechanism of action in adjuvant activity of resveratrol, and also offer preclinical evidence for development as a PRV vaccine adjuvant.
•Resveratrol enhanced the immune efficacy of the pseudorabies virus vaccine.•Resveratrol improved phagocytic function and antigen presentation of macrophages.•The mechanism of resveratrol was the activation of TLR4/NF-κB/JNK signaling pathway.
Pyroptosis is a different type of proinflammatory and lytic mode of cell death from apoptosis and necrosis, which play a killer and cleaner to the pathogenic microorganisms as an immune response when ...the host is infected by pathogenic microorganisms. Ketone musk (KM) is a component of the native musk, which is widely used to medicine and chemical engineering. In this research, we studied whether KM can suppress the pyroptosis in J774A.1 cells induced by lipopoysaccharide (LPS)/Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) stimulation. The results showed that KM increased the viability of LPS/ATP-stimulated cells, decreased the production of interleukin (IL)-1β/18, and suppressed the activation of caspased-1 and NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and gasdermin D (GSDMD). Our present study demonstrated that KM inhibited LPS/ATP-induced pyroptosis and the release of IL-1β/18 in J774A.1 cells by inhibiting the activation of GSDMD and caspase-1 and the assembly of NLRP3 inflammasome. Our finding may be of significance on investigating that KM has a positive potential application in the treatment of pyroptosis-mediated diseases.
•Ketone musk (KM) can markedly inhibit the mortality of LPS/ATP-challenged J774A.1 cells.•KM can decrease the production of IL-1β/18 in LPS/ATP- challenged J774A.1 cells.•KM can suppress LPS/ATP-induced pyroptosis by inhibiting NLRP3/GSDMD pathway.•The results suggested that KM has a positive potential application in the treatment of pyroptosis-mediated diseases.
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