One new cyclopentapeptide, cycloaspeptide H (1), featuring a serine residue, along with seven known compounds (2-8), was isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium virgatum GDGJ-227. The planar ...structure of 1 was elucidated by a comprehensive analysis of NMR and MS spectroscopic spectra, and the absolute configuration was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (Cu Kα) analysis. Compounds 7 and 8 displayed antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes with MIC values ranging from 12.5 to 50 μg/mL.
Potential benefits or risks of oxygen inhalation for patients with acute myocardial infarction are not fully understood.
We performed this study to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety ...of oxygen therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction.
A systematic review and meta-analysis.
We searched randomized controlled trials systematically in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library up to June 2016.
Randomized controlled trials that estimated the effectiveness and safety of oxygen therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction were identified by two independent reviewers. The primary outcomes were short-term mortality and recurrent rate of myocardial infarction, and the secondary outcomes were arrhythmia incidence and pain incidence. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to measure the pooled data.
A total of five randomized controlled trials were in accordance with inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with no oxygen group, the oxygen group did not significantly reduce short-term death (RR: 1.08, 95%CI: 0.31–3.74), and there was moderate heterogeneity (I2=50.8%, P<0.107) among studies. We found a significant increase in the rate of recurrent myocardial infarction (RR: 6.73, 95%CI: 1.80–25.17, I2=0.0%, P=0.598) in the oxygen group. The oxygen group did not have a significant reduction in arrhythmia (RR: 1.12, 95%CI: 0.91–1.36; I2=46.2%, P<0.156) or pain (RR: 0.97, 95%CI: 0.91–1.04; I2=7.2%, P=0.340).
Oxygen inhalation did not benefit patients with acute myocardial infarction with normal oxygen saturation. It may increase the rate of recurrent myocardial infarction. High quality trials with larger sample sizes are required.
Biseuphoids A (1) and B (2), two unprecedented
-abietane-type diterpenoid dimers linked by monomeric blocks through C-17-C-12' and C-17-C-11', respectively, were isolated from
, along with their ...biogenesis related diterpenoid monomers, 17-hydroxyjolkinolide B (3), caudicifolin (4), and fischeriabietane C (5). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopy assisted by quantum chemical NMR and ECD calculations. The unusual dimeric skeletons are possibly derived from the adduct of diterpenoid monomers through Michael-like reactions. The novel dimers 1 and 2 exhibited inhibitory activities on soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) with IC
values of 8.17 and 5.61 μM, respectively. Molecular dynamics studies illustrated that both 1 and 2 can occupy the catalytic pocket of sEH by forming stable hydrogen bonds with the key amino acid residues including Gln384, Asn378, Pro361, Ala365, Asn366, and Asn472.
Geological reports are frequently used by geologists involved in geological surveys and scientific research to record the results and outcomes of geological surveys. With such a rich data source, a ...substantial amount of knowledge has yet to be mined and analyzed. This paper focuses on automatically information extraction from geological reports, namely, geological named entity recognition. Geological named entity recognition has an important role in data mining, knowledge discovery and Knowledge graph construction. Existing general named entity recognition models/tools are limited in the domain of geoscience due to the various language irregularities associated with geological text, such as informal sentence structures, several domain‐geoscience words, large character lengths and multiple combinations of independent words. We present Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT)‐(Bidirectional gated recurrent unit network) BiGRU‐ (Conditional random field) CRF, which is a deep learning‐based geological named entity recognition model that is designed specifically with these linguistic irregularities in mind. Based on the pretrained language model, an integrated deep learning model incorporating BERT, BiGRU and CRF is constructed to obtain character vectors rich in semantic information through the BERT pretrained language model to alleviate for the lack of specificity of static word vectors (e.g., word2vec) and to improve the extraction capability of complex geological entities. We demonstrate our proposed model by applying it to four test datasets, including a geoscience NER data set from regional geological reports, and by comparing its performance with those of five baseline models.
Plain Language Summary
Geological named entity recognition has an important role in information extraction and knowledge discovery. This paper presents BERT‐BiGRU‐CRF, which is a deep learning‐based geological named entity recognition model that is designed specifically with these linguistic irregularities in mind. We hope that our approach will serve as an alternative method that deserves further study.
Key Points
A named entity recognition model based on BERT‐BiGRU‐CRF is proposed and a set of detailed experimental tests on domain data set
Our model is compared in detail with four other mainstream models, and experiments demonstrate that our model obtains better performance
We share the source code of BERT‐BiGRU‐CRF and the annotated test data
Chronic gastric infection by the Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is strongly associated with gastritis, gastric ulcer and the development of distal gastric carcinoma and ...gastric mucosal lymphoma in humans. Antibiotic treatment of H. pylori is becoming less effective because of increasing antibiotic resistance; other treatment approaches such as specifically targeted methods, etc. to destroy this organism would be beneficial. An epitope vaccine is a promising option for protection against H. pylori infection. In this study, a multi-epitope vaccine was constructed by linking cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), two antigenic fragments of H. pylori urease I subunit (UreI20–29, UreI98–107) and four antigenic fragments of H. pylori urease B subunit (UreB12–23, UreB229–251, UreB327–400, UreB515–561), resulting in the recombinant CTB-UreI-UreB (BIB). Its protective effect against H. pylori infection was evaluated in BALB/c mice. Significant protection against H. pylori challenge was achieved in BALB/c mice immunized with BIB (15/18, 83.3%), rIB plus rCTB (6/18, 33.3%) and rIB (2/18, 11.1%) separately, while no protective effect was found in the mice immunized with either adjuvant rCTB alone or PBS. The induction of significant protection against H. pylori is possibly mediated by specific serum IgA and mucosal sIgA antibodies, and a mixed Th1/Th2/Th17 cells response. This multi-epitope vaccine might be a promising vaccine candidate that helps to control H. pylori infection.
A multi-epitope vaccine might be a promising vaccine candidate that helps to control Helicobacter pylori infection.
A high proportion of renewable energy connected to the power grid has caused power quality problems. Voltage-sensitive loads are extremely susceptible to voltage fluctuations, causing power system ...safety issues and economic losses. Considering the uncertainty factor and the time-varying characteristic, a linearized random ZIP model (constant impedance (Z), constant current (I), and constant power (P)) with time-varying characteristics was proposed. In order to improve the voltage quality of the voltage-sensitive loads in the day-here stage in an active distribution network (ADN), a linearized two-stage active and reactive power coordinated stochastic optimization model was established. The day-ahead active and reactive power coordination optimization was to smooth the large voltage fluctuation and develop a reserve plan to eliminate the unbalanced power caused by the prediction error in the day-here optimization. In the day-here real-time redispatch, the voltage was further improved by the continuous reactive power compensation device. Finally, the simulation results on the IEEE-33 bus system showed that the control strategy could better eliminate the unbalanced power caused by the prediction error and obviously improve the voltage of sensitive loads in the real-time stage on the premise of maintaining economic optimality.
Nano-TiO
2
(T), TiO
2
/montmorillonite mixture (Mix), and TiO
2
/montmorillonite composite (Com) were prepared by using TiOSO
4
•2H
2
O as the precursor of TiO
2
and montmorillonite as the matrix. ...The phase transition process of TiO
2
and the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in T, Mix, and Com were studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectrum (IR), scanning electron microscopy with energy spectrum (SEM-EDS), and other methods. The results show that, except for the fact that the heating temperature has a great influence on the phase transition and grain growth of TiO
2
, the introduction of montmorillonite has an obvious inhibition effect on the phase transition and grain growth of TiO
2
, and the inhibition effect of the Com is obviously stronger than Mix. In Com, Ti–O–Si chemical bond was formed between TiO
2
and oxygen atoms with negative charge on the bottom of the structure layer of montmorillonite, which is the main reason for inhibition effect. However, in Mix, TiO
2
only covers the surface of montmorillonite without breaking the degree of order of montmorillonite and forming no chemical bond with montmorillonite, so the inhibition effect is small. From degradation of MB, it was found that before the structure of montmorillonite was destroyed (400–600°C), the total degradation percentage in Mix (85.3–99.5%) was higher than T and Com. At high temperature (above 700°C), because of the inhibition effect, the total degradation percentage of MB in Com is much larger than T and Mix, even above 1,100°C, the total degradation percentage can still reach at 47%. Therefore, in industrial applications, Mix and Com can be selected to degradation MB, according to the actual application temperature range.
Encephalopathy associated with autoantibodies to IgLON5 is a novel syndrome characterized by a distinct sleep disorder and brain-stem involvement. Since the initial description of this encephalopathy ...in 2014, only a few additional patients have been reported (Simabukuro et al., 2015). In this paper, we report a new case of anti-IgLON5 antibodies with major symptoms of chorea and parkinsonism, and responsive to immunotherapy.
Fourth-order boundary value problems with general real self-adjoint boundary conditions are investigated. It is obtained that the eigenvalues of the problem depend not only continuously on all ...parameters of the problem but also smoothly on the boundary conditions. Furthermore, the derivatives of the eigenvalues with respect to boundary conditions are given in the sense of the fundamental canonical forms of fourth-order self-adjoint boundary conditions including each type of separated, mixed and coupled cases.
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with the development of depression, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between ...microbiota and NLRP3 inflammasome induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Fecal transplantation (FMT) experiment was conducted to elucidate the potential mechanism. Levels of NLRP3 inflammasome, microbiota, inflammatory factors and tight junction proteins were measured. CUMS stimulation significantly increased the levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and ASC in brain and colon(
<0.05), decreased the levels of tight junction proteins Occludin and ZO-1 (
<0.05). Interestingly, increased NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory cytokines and decreased tight junction proteins were found in antibiotic-treated (Abx) rats received CUMS rat fecal microbiota transplantation. Furthermore, fecal microbiota transplantation altered the microbiota in Abx rats, which partially overlapped with that of the donor rats. Importantly, probiotic administration amended the alteration of microbiota induced by CUMS treatment, then reduced the levels of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory factors. In conclusion, these findings suggested that depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS stimulation were related to altered gut microbiota, broke the intestinal barrier, promoted the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and elevated inflammation. Therefore, improving the composition of microbiota
probiotic can attenuate inflammation by amending the microbiota and suppressing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, which is considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for depression.
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