Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare condition with propensity to relapse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sonographic findings of locoregional recurrences of parathyroid carcinoma, in ...order to facilitate diagnosis of this condition using ultrasound (US). This was a retrospective observational study including 21 patients confirmed with pathologically confirmed locoregional recurrence of parathyroid carcinoma. All patients had undergone preoperative US examination at a tertiary center. The imaging, clinical and laboratory data of each case were collected. Sonographic appearance of the largest lesion at each recurrence was evaluated by two experienced radiologists according to a pre-agreed protocol. Overall, 29 relapses occurred in 21 patients. The median age of the patients was 45 years (range 24–71 years). The median size of the largest recurrent lesion at each relapse was 1.8 cm (range 0.8–3.8 cm). Ultrasound images showed hypoechoic solid nodules in 28 relapses (96.6%), inhomogeneous echo-texture in 28 relapses (96.6%), intralesional echogenic septa-like structures in 21 relapses (72.4%), intralesional cystic change in two relapses (6.9%), infiltrative or blurred boundary in 20 relapses (69.0%), irregular shape in 22 relapses (75.9%), marked vascularization on color Doppler imaging in 19 relapses (65.5%), multiple lesions in 26 relapses (89.7%), contralateral recurrence in 3 relapses (10.3%), and subcutaneous recurrence in 10 relapses (34.5%). None of the recurrent lesions exhibited calcification. The total size of all the recurrent lesions at each relapse fairly correlated with the serum intact parathyroid hormone levels (r = 0.450; p = 0.014).
Highlights • Long non-coding RNA Unigene56159 expression is induced by HBV. • Unigene56159 promotes cell migration/invasion and EMT in HCC. • Unigene56159 functions as a ceRNA for miR-140-5p to ...de-repress the Slug expression. • The Unigene56159/miR-140-5p/Slug axis contributes to HCC cell migration and invasion.
Two amino functionalized Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs), {Zn(Py2TTz)(2-NH2-BDC)·(DMF)}n (1) and {Cd(Py2TTz)(2-NH2-BDC)·(DMF)·0.5(H2O)}n (2) (where Py2TTz = 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)thiazolo5,4-dthiazole, ...2-NH2-BDC = 2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, and DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), were synthesized and characterized using the primary ligand 2-amino-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (2-NH2-H2BDC) and the auxiliary ligand 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)thiazolo5,4-dthiazole (Py2TTz). They possess similar 2-fold interpenetrated three-dimensional bipillared-layer framework structures composed of typical binuclear metal nodes, 2-NH2-BDC two-dimensional layers and Py2TTz bipillars. Notably, thiazole nitrogen atoms and pendant –NH2 groups are present in channels in the two frameworks. Given their good chemical stabilities, high thermal stabilities, and exposed nitrogen sites, gas adsorption and catalytic experiments of the two MOFs were performed. The results demonstrate that MOF 2 can selectively adsorb carbon dioxide gas; moreover, the two MOFs can be employed as recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation reactions under solvent-free conditions.
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) increases the risk of lower extremity amputation. It is also an independent predictor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemic events, affecting both the ...quality and expectancy of life. Many studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of PAD in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is higher than in non‐diabetic patients. In diabetic patients, PAD occurs early with rapid progression, and is frequently asymptomatic. Multiple metabolic aberrations in DM, such as advanced glycation end‐products, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and abnormal oxidative stress, have been shown to worsen PAD. However, the role of DM in PAD is not completely understood. The purpose of the present article is to review and discuss the pathophysiology of PAD in DM.
Highlights
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in diabetes mellitus (DM) is commonly associated with rapid progression and results in worse outcomes in DM patients. The pathophysiological mechanisms of PAD in DM are complex and multifactorial. The abnormal metabolic state in DM contributes to the development of PAD in DM. However, the role of DM in PAD is not completely understood, which need further investigation.
Pathophysiological characteristics of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in diabetes mellitus (DM). Multiple metabolic aberrations in DM, such as advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs), oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL), abnormal oxidative stress and inflammation, may directly or indirectly contribute to PAD in DM. NO, nitric oxide.
Abstract
Rechargeable magnesium batteries have received extensive attention as the Mg anodes possess twice the volumetric capacity of their lithium counterparts and are dendrite-free. However, Mg ...anodes suffer from surface passivation film in most glyme-based conventional electrolytes, leading to irreversible plating/stripping behavior of Mg. Here we report a facile and safe method to obtain a modified Mg metal anode with a Sn-based artificial layer via ion-exchange and alloying reactions. In the artificial coating layer, Mg2Sn alloy composites offer a channel for fast ion transport and insulating MgCl2/SnCl2 bestows the necessary potential gradient to prevent deposition on the surface. Significant improved ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte interfaces and decreased overpotential of Mg symmetric cells in Mg(TFSI)2/DME electrolyte are obtained. The coated Mg anodes can sustain a stable plating/stripping process over 4000 cycles at a high current density of 6 mA cm−2. This finding provides an avenue to facilitate fast ion diffusion kinetics of Mg metal anodes in conventional electrolytes.
Numerous cold region tunnels have been constructed in recent decades. To prevent frost damage, problem of frost heaving force calculation is to be solved urgently. During the freezing process of cold ...region tunnels, temperature gradient occurs mainly in radial direction, whereas the temperature gradient in circumferential and axial directions is negligibly gentle. Hence, the surrounding rock of cold region tunnels freezes unidirectionally along the radial direction, which results in the transversely isotropic frost heave of surrounding rock. Therefore, an analytical elasto-plastic solution of frost heaving force is proposed, in which an anisotropic frost heave coefficient k is introduced to consider the transversely isotropic frost heave. And the surrounding rock is considered as ideal elasto-plastic material conforming to Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion in the solution. Moreover, the method to determine the elastic or plastic state of the surrounding rock after frost heave is proposed. For the condition that the frozen surrounding rock doesn't reach the plastic state, an elastic solution of frost heaving force considering the transversely isotropic frost heave is also established. Then, the analytical elasto-plastic solution is verified with the existing solutions and a model test, and proved to be reasonable and applicable. Finally, the influence of the related factors, such as the frost heaving property (the anisotropic frost heave coefficient and the volumetric frost heaving strain) of surrounding rock, the initial ground stress, and the mechanical parameters of surrounding rock on the frost heaving force and plastic zone radius is analyzed. Results show that as the anisotropic frost heave coefficient k increases, the frost heaving force increases significantly, which demonstrates that the transversely isotropic frost heave of surrounding rock has considerable impact on the frost heaving force and should be considered.
•Frost heave of surrounding rock is transversely isotropic in cold region tunnels.•An analytical elasto-plastic solution for frost heaving force in cold region tunnels is derived.•Use a coefficient to consider the transversely isotropic frost heave of surrounding rock in the solution.•Propose a method to determine the elastic or plastic state of the frozen surrounding rock.
Abstract
Age-related adipose tissue dysfunction is potentially important in the development of insulin resistance and metabolic disorder. Caloric restriction (CR) is a robust intervention to reduce ...adiposity, improve metabolic health, and extend healthy life span. Both white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) are involved in energy homeostasis. CR triggers the beiging of WAT in young mice; however, the effects of CR on beiging of WAT and function of BAT during aging are unclear. This study aimed to investigate how age and CR impact the beiging of WAT, the function of BAT, and metabolic health in mice. C57BL/6 mice were fed CR diet (40% less than the ad libitum AL diet) for 3 months initiated in young (3 months), middle-aged (12 months), and old (19 months) stage. We found age-related changes in different types of adipose tissue, including adipocyte enlargement, declined beiging of WAT, and declined thermogenic and β-oxidational function of BAT. Moreover, CR attenuated age-associated adipocyte enlargement and prevented the age-related decline in beiging potential of WAT. These protective effects on the beiging potential were significant in inguinal WAT at all three ages, which were significant in epididymal WAT at young and old age. In contrast, thermogenic and β-oxidational function of BAT further declined after CR in the young age group. In conclusion, our findings reveal the contribution of WAT beiging decline to age-related metabolic disorder and suggest nutritional intervention, specifically targeting WAT beiging, as an effective approach to metabolic health during aging.
Abnormal expression of microRNA-107 (miR-107) was found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, little is known about its role and molecular mechanism in NSCLC progression and metastasis. ...Therefore, the aims of this study were to clarify the potential role of miR-107 and molecular mechanism in NSCLC progression and metastasis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay showed that miR-107 expression levels were significantly decreased in NSCLC tissue and cell lines. Low miR-107 levels in tumor tissue correlated with advanced TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Function assays showed that overexpression of miR-107 suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion in A549 cells in vitro, and inhibited NSCLC tumor growth in vivo. Further mechanism assays suggested the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was identified as a target gene of miR-107 in NSCLC cells. In addition, BDNF expression was upregulated, and inversely correlated with miR-107 in NSCLC tissues. Enforced overexpression of BDNF effectively reversed the tumor suppressive functions of miR-107 on NSCLC proliferation, migration and invasion. miR-107 overexpression or downregulation of BDNF was able to inhibit activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings present the first evidence that miR-107 could suppress NSCLC metastasis by targeting BDNF and indirectly regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which might lead to a potential therapeutic strategy focusing on miR-107 and BDNF for human NSCLC.
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